This list of giant squid specimens and sightings is a comprehensive listing of all recorded human encounters with members of the genus Architeuthis, popularly known as giant squid. It includes animals that were caught by fishermen, found stranded ashore, recovered from Sperm Whales and other predatory species, as well as those reliably sighted at sea. The list also covers specimens which were incorrectly assigned to the genus Architeuthis in original publications.
History
Tales of giant squid have been common among mariners since ancient times, and may have led to the Norwegian legend of the kraken, a tentacled sea monster as large as an island capable of engulfing and sinking any ship. Japetus Steenstrup, the describer of Architeuthis, suggested a giant squid was the species described as a sea monk to the Danish king Christian III c. 1550. The Lusca of the Caribbean and Scylla in Greek mythology may also derive from giant squid sightings. However, it is thought to be impossible for a giant squid to lift its tentacles from the water. Eyewitness accounts of other sea monsters like the sea serpent are also thought to be mistaken interpretations of giant squid.
Steenstrup produced a number of papers on giant squid in the 1850s. He first used the name Architeuthis in a paper in 1857. A portion of a giant squid was secured by the French gunboat Alecton in 1861, leading to wider recognition of the giant squid in the scientific community. Between 1870 and 1880, large numbers of strandings occurred on the shores of Newfoundland. This included the largest specimen ever recorded, which washed ashore in Thimble Tickle Bay, Newfoundland on November 2, 1878. The animal's mantle plus head length totalled 6.1 m (20 ft), and one of its tentacles measured 10.7 m (35 ft) in length. It was estimated to weigh 2.2 tonnes, although this is considered a great exaggeration by modern teuthologists. In 1873 a squid "attacked" a minister and a young boy in a dory in Bell Island, Newfoundland. Approximately 65 specimens, one-fifth of all the giant squid ever recorded, have been found in the waters off Newfoundland; the last in December 2004.
Large numbers of strandings also occurred in New Zealand during the late nineteenth century. Although strandings continue to occur sporadically throughout the world, the high frequency of strandings at Newfoundland and New Zealand in the late nineteenth century have not yet been repeated. It is not known exactly why giant squid become stranded on shore, but it is possible that a periodic though temporary alteration of the distribution of the deep, cold water where the squid live might be the cause. Many scientists who have studied squid mass strandings believe that they are cyclical and predictable, but the length of time between strandings is not yet known. A period of 90 years between mass strandings has been proposed by Frederick Aldrich, an Architeuthis specialist, who used this value to correctly predict a large number of strandings that occurred between 1964 and 1966 in the northwest Atlantic. By and large, however, squid strandings remain a mystery.
On September 30, 2004, Tsunemi Kubodera (National Science Museum of Japan) and Kyoichi Mori (Ogasawara Whale Watching Association) succeeded in taking history's first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat. Their teams had worked together for nearly two years to make the accomplishment. They succeeded on their third trip to a known Sperm Whale hunting grounds 600 miles south of Tokyo, where they had dropped a 3,000 foot line baited with squid and shrimp. The line also held a camera and a flash. After over twenty tries that day, a 26-foot Giant squid attacked the lure and snagged its tentacle. It took the squid over four hours to break free, during which time the camera took over 500 photos. The squid left behind, attached to the lure, an 18-foot tentacle. Later DNA tests confirmed the animal as a giant squid.
The search for a live Architeuthis specimens includes attempts to find live young, including larvae. Larval Architeuthis closely resemble larvae of Nototodarus and Moroteuthis, with distinctive characteristics being the shape of the mantle attachment by the head, the tentacle suckers, and the beaks.
List of giant squid
| # | Date | Location | Oceanic sector | Method of capture | Identification | Material cited | Material saved | Sex | Size and measurements | Repository | Cited references | Additional references | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1545 | Malmö, Sweden | NEA | Found washed ashore; "caught live" [fide Muus (1959:170)] | Architeuthis monachus Steenstrup in Harting, 1860 | Entire? | Undetermined | WL?: ~3 m | Lonnberg (1891:36) | Nordgård (1928:71); Muus (1959:170); transcript of Steenstrup's 1854 lecture | Malmö was part of Denmark in 1545. | ||
| 2 | Autumn, 1639 | Thingøresand, Nordresyssel, Iceland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | One arm | BL+HL: ~6 ft; AL: ~3 ft; TL: ~16-18 ft; BC: ~3-4 ft | Thingore monastery | Steenstrup (1849:[9]); Steenstrup (1898:[272]) | Eggert Olafsen's & Bjarne Povelsen's journey to Iceland, vol. II, p. 716 and Annales Bjornonis de skardsa, 1639 [fide Steenstrup (1898:[272]); Verrill (1875b:84); Robson (1933:691); Muus (1959:170) | ||
| 3 | ~15 October 1673 | Dingle-I-cosh, Kerry, Ireland | NEA | Found floating at surface, in process of washing ashore, alive | Dinoteuthis proboscideus More, 1875; Architeuthis monachus [fide Verrill] | Entire | Two arms, buccal mass, and suckers taken to Dublin | TL: ~11 ft + 9 ft; AL: ~6-8 ft; "liver": 30 lb | Undetermined [NMI?]; holotype of Dinoteuthis proboscideus More, 1875 | More (1875a:4526); Verrill (1875c:214) | Massy (1909:30); Ritchie (1918:137); Robson (1933:692); Hardy (1956:285); Collins (1998:489) | Found by James Steward. | |
| 4 | 1680 | Ulvangen Fjord, Alstadhoug parish, Norway | NEA | Not stated | Entire? | Pontoppidan (1752:34?/344?) | Steenstrup (1857:[18]); Grieg (1933:19) | ||||||
| 5 | 1770 | Jutland, Denmark | NEA | Unknown | Muss (1959) | Ellis (1998:257) | |||||||
| 6 | 27 May 1785 | Grand Banks, Newfoundland | NWA | Found floating dead | Architeuthis sp. | BL: 7 ft | Thomas (1795:xx); Aldrich (1992:457) | Data from Capt. G. Cartwright. | |||||
| 7 | November or December, 1790 | Arnarnaesvik, Modruvalle, Iceland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Entire | None; used for cod bait | TL: 5.6 m; BL (+HL?): 6.6 m | Steenstrup 1849:[11]); Steenstrup (1898:[276]) | 1792 diary of Svein Paulsson (in library of Literature Society of Iceland, in Copenhagen); Verrill (1875b:84); Robson (1933:691) | ||||
| 8 | 17-- (1795 at latest) | near St. John's harbour, Newfoundland | NWA | Unknown | Architeuthis sp. | Thomas (1795:xx); Aldrich (1992:457) | |||||||
| 9 | 17-- | Grand Banks, Newfoundland | NWA | Unknown | Architeuthis sp. | Aldrich (1992:457) | |||||||
| 10 | 1798 | Denmark | NEA | Unknown | Packard (1873) | Ellis (1998:257) | |||||||
| 11 | 1802 | off Tasmania | SWP | EL?: 6-7 ft | Peron (1807) | Ellis (1998:257) | |||||||
| 12 | 1817 | Atlantic Ocean | ? | WT: 400 lb | Quoy & Gaimard (1824) | Ellis (1998:257) | |||||||
| 13 | December, 1853 | Raabjerg beach, North Jutland, coast of Skagerack, Denmark | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis monachus | Entire | Jaws only; radula discarded after poor preservation; jaws cut out; portion used for bait; remainder buried after 2 days | 80-85kg; jaw measurements Steenstrup (1898:[270]) | ZMUC; holotype of Architeuthis monachus Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Kristensen & Knudsen (1983:222)] | Steenstrup (1855:[14]); arting (1860:11); Steenstrup (1898:[258], pl.); Kristensen & Knudsen (1983:222) | Steenstrup (1857:[18]); Gervais (1875:91); Verrill (1875b:84); Posselt (1890:144); Nordgård (1928:71) | "Architeuthis monachus" Steenstrup = nomen nudum [fide Robson (1933:690)]. | |
| 14 | 5 November 1855 | western part of the Atlantic Ocean (31°N, 76°W); Bahamas (Captain Hygom) [fide Ellis (1998:258)] | NWA | Not stated; presumably found floating at surface | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857; Architeuthis titan [fide Verrill (1875)] | Arm, suckers, and gladius | Arm, suckers, and gladius | Male | WL: 377 cm; AL: 1/2 whole length [fide Steenstrup]; beak measurements; GL: 6ft [fide Verrill citing Harting] | ZMUC; holotype of Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Kristensen & Knudsen (1983:222)] | Steenstrup (1857:[18]); Steenstrup (1882:[160]); Steenstrup (1898:[260, 298]); Kristensen & Knudsen (1983:222) | Verrill (1875b:84); Posselt (1890:144); Toll & Hess (1981:753) | Obtained by Capt. V. Hygom. |
| 15 | December, 1855 | Aalbaekbugten, Denmark | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire? | Undetermined | None | Muus (1959:170) | Posselt (1890:144) | |||
| 16 | Unknown (1860 at latest) | Unknown | ? | Not stated | Architeuthis dux [fide Harting (1860)]; Architeuthis hartingii (Verrill, 1875) [fide Verrill (1880)]; nomen nudum [fide Dell (1970:27)] | Jaws, buccal mass, detached arm suckers | Jaws, buccal mass, detached arm suckers | ASD: 1.05 in | Univeristy of Utrecht Natural History Museum; holotype of Loligo hartingii Verrill, 1875. Harting specimen No. 1 | Harting (1860:2, figs. 1-8); Verrill (1875b:85); Kent (1875:491); Verrill (1880:240); Pfeffer (1912:37) | Dell (1970:27) | ||
| 17 | 1860 | between Hillswick and Scalloway, Shetland, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis monachus Steenstrup, 1857; Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Stephen (1962:154)] | Undetermined | TL: 16 ft; AL: ~8 ft; BL: ~7ft | Jeffreys (1869:124); Stephen (1944:263) | Pfeffer (1912:26); Collins (1998:489) | ||||
| 18 | 30 November 1861? [=1860 Rees & Maul] | about 20 miles northeast of Teneriffe, Canary Islands | NEA | Found on surface | Loligo bouyeri [fide Crosse & Fischer] | Entire, decomposed | None | BL: 15-18 ft | None | Bouyer (1861); Crosse & Fischer (1862); Kent (1874:180); Verrill (1875b:86) | Kent (1875:491); Gervais (1875:93); Rees & Maul (1956:266) | Observed only by officers of the French gunboat Alecton; sketch made. | |
| 19 | 1862 | North Atlantic | ? | Unknown | Crosse & Fischer (1862) | Ellis (1998:258) | |||||||
| * | Unknown; 1870? | Cape Sable, Nova Scotia, Canada | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis megaptera Verrill, 1878 [= Sthenoteuthis pteropus (Steenstrup, 1855) fide Dunning (1998:428)] | Entire | Entire | BL: 14 in; WL: 43 in; extensive additional measurements | NSMC; catalog no. 1870-Z-2; holotype of Architeuthis megaptera Verrill, 1878 [fide Macalaster (1977:14). Verrill specimen No. 21 | Verrill (1878:207); Verrill (1880a:193) | Non-architeuthid. Collected by J.M. Jones. | ||
| 20 | September, 1870 | Waimarama, east coast of Wellington, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Entire | Beak | BL+HL: 10 ft 5 in; BC: 6 ft; AL: 5 ft 6 in | In Kirk's possession; Kirk specimen No. 1 | Kirk (1880:310); Verrill (1881:398) | Meinertzhagen letter 27 June, 1879 to Kirk; Pfeffer (1912:32); Dell (1952:98) | Mr. Meinertzhagen sent beak, saved by third party (unidentified), to Kirk. Natives called specimen a "taniwha". | ||
| 21 | 1870 (winter) | Lamaline, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis monachus of Steenstrup | Entire? | Two; WL: 40ft and WL: 47ft | Unknown; Verrill specimens No. 8 & 9 | Murray (1874a:162); Verrill (1875a:36); Verrill (1880a:187) | Harvey (1874:69); Kent (1874:182) | Data from Mr. Harvey letter citing Rev. M. Gabriel's statement to Harvey. | ||
| 22 | October, 1871 | Grand Banks, Newfoundland | NWA | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis princeps Verrill, 1875 | Entire; part used as bait | Jaws obtained from Baird for examination by Verrill; lower jaw is syntype of Architeuthis princeps Verrill, 1875b | BL: ~15 ft; BD: 19 in; AL (mutilated): ~10 ft; AD: 7 in; AC: 22 in; beak; BC: 4 ft 8in; WT: 2000 lb | Jaws at NMNH [fide Verrill (1874a:158)][no longer extant?]. Verrill specimen No. 1 | Packard (1873:91); Verrill (1874a:158); Verrill (1874b:167); Verrill (1875b:79, fig. 27); Verrill (1880a:181, 210, pl. 18 fig. 3) | Verrill (1880a:178); Pfeffer (1912:20) | Taken by Capt. Campbell, Schooner B.D. Haskins. | |
| 23 | 1871 | Wellington, New Zealand | SWP | EL?: 16 ft | Dell (1952) | Ellis (1998:258) | |||||||
| 24 | 1872 (autumn or winter) | Coomb's Cove, Newfoundland | NWA | Found alive in shallow water, having been driven ashore in heavy sea | Entire; "one long arm missing" (later changed to both present) | BL: 10 ft; BD: 3-4 ft; TL: 42 ft; AL: ~6 ft; AD: 9 in; skin + flesh: 2.25 in thick; EL: 52 ft | Unknown; Verrill specimen No. 3 | Verrill (1874a:159); Verrill (1874b:167); Verrill (1875a:35); Verrill (1880a:183) | Owen (1881:163) | Specimen had a reddish colour. Verrill's data taken from newspaper accounts and 15/VI/1873 T.R. Bennett letter to Prof. Baird. Verrill (1880a:186) states his No. 6 is same specimen as No. 3. [This cannot be correct, since capture date for No. 6 is clearly stated as December 1874 by Verrill (1875c:213).] | |||
| 25 | December, 1872 | Bonivista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | ?Architeuthis dux [fide Verrill (1874a)]; ?Architeuthis harveyi [fide Verrill (1880a)] | Entire (damaged arms) | Pair of jaws and two suckers | TL: 32 ft; AL: ~10 ft; BL: ~14 ft (estimate); BC: 6 ft | NMNH; Verrill specimen No. 4 (1875a:33); and possibly also Verrill specimen No. 11 (1875b:79) | Verrill (1874a:160); Verrill (1874b:167); Verrill (1875a:33); Verrill (1875b:79); Verrill (1880a:184, 187, pl. 16 figs. 5-6, pl. 25 fig. 5) | Pfeffer (1912:19) | Material from Rev. A. Munn, through Prof. Baird to Verrill. | |
| 26 | Unknown (1873 at latest) | North Atlantic Ocean | NWA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis princeps Verrill, 1875 | Upper and lower jaws | Upper and lower jaws | Beaks | Syntype of Architeuthis princeps Verrill, 1875b; Verrill specimen No. 10. Presented by Capt. N.E. Atwood of Provincetown, Massachusetts to EI [fide Verrill (1875b)]; PASS [fide Verrill (1880a)]. | Packard (1873:91, fig.); Verrill (1875a:22); Verrill (1875b:79, figs. 25-26); Verrill (1880a:187, 210, pls. 17-20) | Verrill states Packard's illustration is inaccurate. | ||
| 27 | 1873 | Yedo fishmarket, Japan | NWP | Purchased | Megateuthis martensii Hilgendorf, 1880; Nomen spurium [fide Pfeffer (1912:31)] | 'Entire', missing head, "abdominal sac", ends of tentacles and arms [fide Owen (1881:163)] | Not specified | ML: 186 cm; AL(longest): 197 cm | ZMB Moll. 34716 + 38980, holotype of Megateuthis martensii Hilgendorf, 1880 | Hilgendorf (1880:67); Pfeffer (1912:31); Sasaki (1929:227) | Owen (1881:163) | Second specimen from Tokyo fishmarket seen by Hilgendorf and used for description of gladius. Model of specimen placed in Exhibition of Fishery in Berlin. | |
| 28 | 26 October 1873 | off Portugal Cove, Conception Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found floating at surface | Megaloteuthis harveyi Kent, 1874; Architeuthis monachus of Steenstrup [fide Verrill (1875a:34)]; ?Architeuthis harveyi [fide Verrill (1880a:181)] | Entire | One tentacle; one arm discarded | (see Verrill, 1880a:220) TL (incomplete): 19 ft; TSD: 1.25 in; TC: 3.5 in; additional measurements based on photo (1875a:34); additional club measurement from Harvey letter (1875b:79); BL: ~10 ft | YPM?; holotype of Megaloteuthis harveyi Kent, 1874; Verrill specimen No. 2 | Harvey (1874:67, pl.); Murray (1874a:161); Murray (1874b:120); Verrill (1874a:159); Verrill (1874b:167); Kent (1874:178, 182); Verrill (1875a:34); Verrill (1875b:78); Kent (1875:32); Verrill (1880a:181); Verrill (1882b:74) | Owen (1881:161); Pfeffer (1912:19); Aldrich (1992:457); "February Naturalist pg. 120"; "13 December Field"; "6 December 1873 American Sportsman" | Found floating at surface, struck by Mr. T. Picot from boat, attacked boat. | |
| 29 | 25 November? 1873 | Logy Bay (~3 miles from St. John's), Newfoundland | NWA | In herring net | ?Architeuthis monachus of Steenstrup [fide Verrill (1874a)]; Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874) [fide Verrill (1880a)] | Entire (badly mutilated, head severed, etc.) | Miscellaneous parts obtained from Rev. M. Harvey (gladius and ?) | (see 1880a:220) BL: ~7 ft; BC: 5-6 ft; caudal fin: 22 in broad; TL: 24 ft; TC: 2.5 in; AL (all 8): 6 ft; AC (base): 10 in, 9 in, 8 in, 7 in; ASC: ~100; CSC: ~160; club description; extensive description of reconstructed parts | In Verrill's possession; Verrill specimen No. 5 | Verrill (1874a:160); Verrill (1874b:167); Kent (1874:181); Verrill (1875a:23); Kent (1875:32) Verrill (1876:236); Verrill (1880a:184, 197, pls 13-16a); Pfeffer (1912:18); Aldrich (1992:457, fig 1A,B) | Harvey in Morning Chronicle (newspaper) of St. John's; Maritime Monthly Magazine of St. John's, March 1874; several newspapers | Verrill's data from letter to Dr. Dawson from M. Harvey. Photos made of a) entire body, somewhat mutilated anteriorly; b) head and 10 arms. Poorly preserved; first in brine, then in alcohol. Capture date given as December several times, then as November several times and as November 25 by Aldrich (1992:457). | |
| 30 | Unknown (1874 at latest) | Unknown; South-American coast [fide Kent (1874:179)] | SWA? | Not stated | Architeuthis monachus [fide Kent (1874:178)]; Plectoteuthis grandis Owen, 1881; Architeuthis sp.? (grandis) [fide Verrill (1881:401)]; nomen nudum [fide Dell (1970:27)] | Sessile arm | Arm | AL: 9 ft; AC: 11 in | BMNH; holotype of Plectoteuthis grandis Owen, 1881 | Kent (1874:179); Verrill (1875b:86); Kent (1875:493); Owen (1881:156, pls. 33b-35); Verrill (1881:400); Verrill (1882b:72); Steenstrup (1882:[160]); Pfeffer (1912:37) | Dell (1970:27) | ||
| 31 | 1874 | Buøy, Foldenfjord, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux | Entire | None | WL: ~4 m | Grieg (1933:19) | Nordgård (1928:71) | |||
| 32 | 1874 | Indian Ocean | SIO? | Unknown | Lane (1974) | Ellis (1998:258) | Seen from the steamers Strathowen and Pearl. | ||||||
| 33 | 2 November, 1874 | Saint Paul, Reunion Island, Indian Ocean | SIO | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis mouchezi Velain (1875:1002) [nomen nudum]; Mouchezis sancti-pauli Velain (1877:81) | Entire; found in advanced state of decay | Tentacle(s?) and buccal mass | EL: 7.15 m | MNHN; catalog nos. 3-2-658 + 3-2-659 (tentacular clubs) [fide Lu et al. (1995)]; holotype of Mouchezis sancti-pauli Velain, 1877 | Velain (1875:1002); Velain (1877:81 & 83, fig. 8); Velain (1878:81 & 83, fig. 8); Owen (1881:159); Pfeffer (1912:32) | Gervais (1875:88); Verrill (1975c:213) | ||
| 34 | December, 1874 | Grand Bank, Fortune Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis princeps | Entire, except for tail (cut up for dog food) | Jaws, one tentacular sucker | EL: 42-43 ft; HL+BL: 12-13 ft; ?TL: 30 ft; TL: 26 ft; TC: 16 in; BL: 10 ft; jaws | In Verrill's possession; Verrill specimen No. 6 and Verrill specimen No. 13 | Verrill (1875a:35); Verrill (1875c:213); Verrill (1880a:186, 188, pl. 17 fig. 11) | Simms letter 27/X/1875 to Verrill | Data from 10/XII/1873 letter from Mr. Harvey to unknown individual citing measurements taken by G. Simms; Pfeffer (1912:21). Measurements are given differently in different papers. Verrill (1880a:186) states his No. 6 is same specimen as No. 3. [This cannot be correct, as capture date for No. 6 is clearly stated as December 1874 by Verrill (1875c:213).] Verrill (1880a:188, pl. 17) repeats record as his No. 13. | |
| 35 | Unknown (1875 at latest) | west St. Modent (on Labrador side), Strait of Belle Isle, Newfoundland | NWA | Found alive | Architeuthis princeps or Architeuthis monachus of Steenstrup | Entire | None; cut up, salted, and barrelled for dog meat | TL?: 37 ft; BL+HL: 15 ft; WL: 52 ft; SD: ~2 in | None; Verrill specimen No. 7 | Verrill (1875a:36); Verrill (1880a:186) | Dr. Honeyman article in Halifax newspaper | Data from unidentified third party cited in above
newspaper article. | |
| 36 | Unknown (1875 at latest) | Boffin Island, west coast, Ireland | NEA | Not stated | Beak, tentacles, and arms | Undetermined | TL: 30 ft; CL: 2 ft 9 in; CSD: ~1 in | Uncertain chronology; More (1875b:123); Verrill (1875c:214) | |||||
| 37 | 1874? 1875? (winter) | near Harbor Grace, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Destroyed | None taken | None; Verrill specimen No. 12 | Verrill (1875b:79); Verrill (1880a:188) | "destroyed before its value became known, and no measurements are given" | ||||
| 38 | 25 April 1875 | off Boffin Island, Connemara, Ireland | NEA | "Captured" | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Beak and buccal mass, one arm, portions of both tentacles | TL: ~30 ft; CL: 2 ft 9 in; CSD: 1 in; AL: ~8 ft; AC: 15 in | NMI | More (1875b:123); Massy (1909:30) | Ritchie (1918:137); Massy (1928:32); Robson (1933:692); Hardy (1956:285); Collins (1998:489) | Preserved by Sergeant O'Connor. | |
| 39 | October, 1875 | Grand Banks, Atlantic Ocean (44° - 44°30'N and 49°30'W - 49°50'W) | NWA | Not stated; presumably found floating at surface | Multiple | None; cut up for cod bait | Filled 75 gallon tub; ~1,000 lb (No. 25); TL: 36ft (No. 26) | None; Verrill specimen No. 25 and Verrill specimen No. 26 | Verrill (1881:396) | An unusual number (>25-30) of mostly dead giant squid found by Gloucester, Massachusetts fishermen. | |||
| 40 | ~1876 | Clifford Bay, Cape Campbell, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Entire | Jaws [fide Pfeffer (1912:32)] | BL(estimate): 7 ft; EL(estimate): ~20 ft | Colonial Museum [NMNZ] [fide Pfeffer (1912:32)] | Robson (1887:156); Kirk (1880) | Pfeffer (1912:32); Dell (1952:98) | |||
| 41 | 20 November 1876 | in Notre Dame Bay, southwest arm of Green Bay, Hammer Cove, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Partial specimen; devoured by foxes and sea-birds | Piece of pen 16 in long | WH: 18 in; FW: 18 in | In Harvey's possession; Verrill specimen No. 15 | Verrill (1880a:190); Verrill (1880b:284) | M. Harvey letter 25 August 1877 to Verrill | |||
| 42 | 1877? | Norway | NEA | Not stated | Map ___location only | Sivertsen (1955:11, fig. 4) | |||||||
| 43 | 24 September 1877 | Catalina, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore, alive | Architeuthis princeps | Entire; "nearly perfect specimen" | Loose suckers | (see 1880a:220) HL+BL: 9.5 ft; BC: 7 ft; TL: 30 ft; AL (longest, ventral): 11 ft; AC (ventral): 17 in; beak; FW: 2 ft 9in | In Verrill's possession; Verrill specimen No. 14 | Verrill (1877:425); Verrill (1880a:189, pl. 17, figs. 1-10, pls. 19-20) | Owen (1881:163); Pfeffer (1912:21) | Measured fresh by M. Harvey; examined preserved (poorly) by Verrill at New York Aquarium. Later "prepared" for exhibition by taxidermist. | |
| 44 | October, 1877 | Trinity Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | "big squid" | None | None taken | None; Verrill specimen No. 17 | Verrill (1880a:191); Verrill (1880b:285) | M. Harvey letter 17 November 1877 to Verrill citing reference to specimen by John Duffet | Specimen cut up and used for manure. | ||
| 45 | 21 November 1877 | Smith's Sound, Lance Cove, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | ?Architeuthis princeps | Entire | None; carried off by tide | BL(+HL?): 11 ft; TL: 33 ft; AL: 13 ft (estimate) | None; Verrill specimen No. 16 | Verrill (1880a:190); Verrill (1880b:285) | M. Harvey letter 27 November 1877 to Verrill citing measurements taken by John Duffet | Found still alive, having "ploughed up a trench or furrow about 30 ft long and of considerable depth by the stream of water that it ejected with great force from its siphon. When the tide receded it died." | |
| 46 | 2 November 1878 | near Little Bay Copper Mine, Thimble Tickle, Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found aground off shore, alive | ?Architeuthis princeps | Entire | None; cut up for dog food | BL+HL: 20 ft; TL: 35 ft | None; Verrill specimen No. 18 | Verrill (1880a:191); Verrill (1880b:285) | M. Harvey letter 30 January, 1879 to Boston Traveller | Discovered by Stephen Sherring, fisherman. | |
| 47 | 2 December 1878 | Three Arms, South Arm of Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | ?Architeuthis princeps | Entire, mutilated and with arms missing | None; cut up for dog food | BL+HL: 15 ft; BC: 12 ft; AL: 16 ft | None; Verrill specimen No. 19 | Verrill (1880a:192); Verrill (1880b:286) | M. Harvey letter 30 January 1879 to Boston Traveller | Found dead by William Budgell, fisherman, after heavy gale. | |
| 48 | 23 May 1879 | Lyall Bay, Cook Strait, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Steenstrupia stockii Kirk, 1882 [ = Architeuthis sp.? [fide Verrill (1882c:477)]] | Entire, but somewhat mutilated | Pen, beak, tongue, some suckers | ML: 9 ft 2 in; BC: 7 ft 3 in; HL: 1 ft 11 in; BL+HL: 11 ft 1 in; HC: 4 ft; AL: 4 ft 3 in; AC: 11 in; ASC: 36; FL: 24 in; FW: 13 in (single); GL: 6 ft 3 in; GW: 11 in; other measurements | NMNZ; catalog no. M.125405 + M.125403 [fide Marshall (1996:45)]; holotype of Steenstrupia stockii Kirk, 1882. Kirk specimen No. 3 | Kirk (1880:310); Verrill (1881:398); Kirk (1882:286, figs. 2-4) | Verrill (1882c:477); Kirk (1888:34); Pfeffer (1912:34); Dell (1952:98); Dell (1970:27); Stevens (1988:149, fig. 2) | Measurements taken by T.W. Kirk. | |
| 49 | 1879 | off Nova Scotia, Canada (42°49'N, 62°57'W) | NWA | From fish stomach, Alepidosaurus [sic] ferox | ?Architeuthis megaptera Verrill, 1878; ?Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874) | Terminal part of tentacular arm | Portion of arm | 18 in long | NMNH; catalog no. 576962. Verrill specimen No. 20 | Verrill (1880a:193); Verrill (1880b:287) | Lancet fish taken by Capt. J.W. Collins of schooner Marion on halibut trawl-line. | ||
| 50 | October, 1879 | near Brigus, Conception Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Two arms with other mutilated parts | None? | AL: 8 ft | None?; Verrill specimen No. 22 | Verrill (1880a:194); Verrill (1880b:287) | ||||
| 51 | 1 November 1879 | James's Cove, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Entire | None; cut up by fishermen | WL: 38 ft; BL: 9 ft; BC: ~6 ft; TL: 29 ft | None; Verrill specimen No. 23 | Verrill (1880a:194); Verrill (1880b:287) | Morning Chronicle of St. John's 9 December, 1879 | Found alive and driven ashore. | ||
| 52 | Unknown (1880 at latest) | near Boulder Bank, Nelson, New Zealand | SWP | Not stated; hook and line? | Not indicated | Undetermined; Kirk specimen No. 4 | 8 ft long | None?; Kirk specimen No. 4 | Kirk (1880:310); Verrill (1881:398) | Newspaper article | Caught by fishing party. No other data. | ||
| 53 | Unknown (1880 at latest) | near Flat Point, east coast, New Zealand | SWP | Not stated | Not indicated | Undetermined; Kirk specimen No. 5 | None | None?; Kirk specimen No. 5 | Kirk (1880:310); Verrill (1881:398) | Description sent to Mr. Beetham, M.H.R., by Mr. Moore | Found by Mr. Moore. No other data. | ||
| 54 | April, 1880 | Grand Banks, Newfoundland | NWA | Found dead at surface | Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874) | Head, tentacles, and arms only | Head, tentacles, and arms | TL: 66 in; ASC: 330; extensive measurements and counts | YPM; catalog no. 12600y. Verrill specimen No. 24 | Verrill (1881:259, pl. 26, pl. 38 figs. 3-7) | Pfeffer (1912:19) | Found dead by Capt. O.A. Whitten of schooner Wm.H. Oakes. | |
| 55 | 6 June 1880 | Island Bay, Cook Strait, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis verrilli Kirk, 1882 | Entire | Not specified | TL: 25 ft; AL(I,II,IV): 9 ft; AC(I,II,IV): 15 in; AL(III): 10 ft 5 in; AC(III): 21 in; ASC(III): 71; HC: 4 ft 3 in; HL: 19 in; ML: 7 ft 6 in | NMNZ; holotype of Architeuthis verrilli Kirk, 1882; specimen no longer extant [fide Marshall (1996:46)] | Kirk (1882:285) | Verrill (1882c:477); Kirk (1888:35); Pfeffer (1912:33); Dell (1952:98); Dell (1970:27) | Measurements taken by Kirk, except TL by James McColl. Jaws and gladius taken by fisherman and were not recovered. | |
| 56 | ~1880 | Kvænangen, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None | None | Grieg (1933:19) | Sivertsen (1955:11) | |||
| 57 | ~1880 | Tønsvik, Tromsoysund [just northeast of Tromsø], Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None | None | Grieg (1933:19) | ||||
| 58 | October, 1880 | Kilkee, County Clare, Ireland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Ritchie (1918:137) | Nature, 22:585 (1880); Collins (1998:489) | Orignally cited as an octopus. | |||||
| 59 | 10 November 1881 | Portugal Cove, near St. John's, Newfoundland | NWA | Found floating dead near shore | Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874) | Entire | Entire (somewhat mutilated and poorly preserved) | a) BL: 5.5 ft; HL: 1.25 ft; EL: 28 ft; BC: 4.5 ft b) ML: 4.16 ft; BC: 4 ft; FL: 1.75 ft; FW (single): 8 in; TL: 15 ft; CL: 2 ft; AL (ventral, minus tip): 4.66 ft; TC (base): 8.5 in; etc. | E.M. Worth Museum (101 Bowery, NY, NY). Verrill specimen No. 27 | Verrill (1881:422); Verrill (1882a:71) | Morris article in 25 November, 1881 New York Herald; Morris article in 10 December, 1881 Harper's Weekly; Pfeffer (1912:19) | Obtained by Mr. Morris, photographed by E. Lyons (St. John's), shipped on ice by steamer Catima to New York, purchased and preserved by E.M. Worth. Measurements by a) Inspector Murphy (chief Board of Public Works) when iced; b) Verrill of fixed specimen. | |
| 60 | 30 June 1886 | Cape Campbell, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | Beak and club | ML: 8 ft 3 in; HL: 1 ft 9 in; AL: 6 ft 6 in; TL: 18 ft 10 in; EL: 28 ft 10 in; BC(estimate): ~8 ft | NMNZ; catalog no. M.125404 + ?M.125406 [fide Marshall (1996:45)]; holotype of Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887. Kirk specimen No. 2 | Kirk (1879:310); Verrill (1881:398); Robson (1887:156) | C.H.[W.] Robson letter 19 June, 1879 to T.W. Kirk; Pfeffer (1912:35); Dell (1952:98); Dell (1970:27) | Found by Mr. C.H.[W.] Robson; beak given to Mr. A. Hamilton. | |
| 61 | "early" October, 1887 | Lyall Bay, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis longimanus Kirk, 1888 | Entire | Beak and buccal-mass | Female | EL: 55 ft 2 in; ML: 71 in; BC: 63 in; extensive additional measurements and description | Dominion Museum [NMNZ] (see Dell, 1970:28); holotype of Architeuthis longimanus Kirk, 1888. Specimen not found [fide Marshall (1996:46)] | Kirk (1888:35, pls. 7-9); Pfeffer (1912:36) | Dell (1952:98[date found listed incorrectly [fide Sweeney (2001:87)]]); Dell (1970:27) | Found by Mr. Smith, local fisherman. Measurements taken by T.W. Kirk. |
| 62 | 27 August 1888 | between Pico and St. George (38°33'57"N, 30°39'30"W) at depth of 1266 m, Azores Islands | NEA | By benthic trawl | Architeuthis? sp.? [fide Joubin (1895:34)] | Large beak | Undetermined | None | Joubin (1895:34) | ||||
| 63 | 1889 | Norway | NEA | Not stated | Map ___location only | Sivertsen (1955:11, fig. 4) | |||||||
| 64 | Unknown (1892 at latest) | Sao Miguel Island, Azores Islands | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis princeps | Entire? | Jaws and tentacle club | Beak measurements | Museum at Lisbon [fide Pfeffer (1912:27)] | Girard (1892:214, pls. 1-2) | Pfeffer (1912:27); Robson (1933:692) | ||
| 65 | 1892 | Greenland | NWA | Not stated | Architeuthis monachus | Undetermined; translation of paper needed | Posselt (1898:279) | ||||||
| 66 | 4 February 1895 | Bay of Tateyama, Province of Awa, Japan | NWP | In net | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Entire | Undetermined | Female | ML: 720 mm; MW: 235 mm; GL: 640 mm; FL: 280 mm; FW: 200 mm; TL: 2910 mm; extensive additional measurements and description | Undetermined; ?Zoological Institute, Science College, Tokyo; holotype of Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Mitsukuri & Ikeda (1895:39, pl. 10); Pfeffer (1912:27) | Caught in net after 2-3 day storm. | |
| * | 18 July 1895 | near Angra (38°34'45"N, 29°37'W), Azores Islands | NEA | Caught at surface (from Sperm Whale vomit) with shrimp net | Architeuthis sp.?; Non-architeuthid [fide Pfeffer (1912:27)] | Several jaws | Undetermined | None | Joubin (1900:46, pl. 14 figs. 1-2) | Pfeffer (1912:27); Clarke (1956:257) | Non-architeuthid. | ||
| 67 | 18 July 1895 | near Angra (38°34'45"N, 29°37'W), Azores Islands | NEA | Caught at surface (from Sperm Whale vomit) using shrimp net | Dubioteuthis physeteris Joubin, 1900 [ = Architeuthis physeteris (Joubin, 1900) [fide Voss (1956:136)]] | Mantle only | Mantle | Male | ML: 460 mm; BD: 115 mm; FL: 220 mm; FW: 110 mm; GL: 390 mm | MOM; holotype of Dubioteuthis physeteris Joubin, 1900 [fide Belloc (1950:6); listed incorrectly as station 558] | Joubin (1900:102, pl. 15 figs. 8-10); Pfeffer (1912:24) | Hardy (1956:288); Toll & Hess (1981b:753) | |
| 68 | 10 April 1896 | Kirkseteroren, Hevnefjord, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | Female | BL: 2.5 m; AL: 2.5 m; TL: 7.25 m | VSM | Storm (1897:99); Grieg (1933:19) | Brinkmann (1916:178); Nordgård (1923:11); Nordgård (1928:71); Sivertsen (1955:11) | |
| 69 | 27 September 1896 | Kirkseteroren, Hevnefjord, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | Male | None | VSM | Storm (1897:99, fig. 20); Grieg (1933:19) | Brinkmann (1916:178, fig. 2); Nordgård (1923:11); Nordgård (1928:71); Sivertsen (1955:11); Toll & Hess (1981b:753) | |
| 70 | Unknown (1898 at latest) | Iceland | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis monachus | Not specified | Undetermined | None | Posselt (1898:279) | Bardarson (1920:134) | |||
| 71 | 1898 | north of Bahamas | NWA | Unknown | Steenstrup (1898) | Ellis (1998:259) | |||||||
| 72 | 1902 | north of Faeroes Islands, Atlantic Ocean | NEA | Found floating at surface, dead | ?Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire, very bad condition | Entire | BL+HL: 76 cm; ML: 63 cm; MW: 15 cm; FL: 26.7 cm; FW: 8 cm; TL: 214 cm; ASD: 8 mm; TSD: 11 mm | Bergen Museum [=ZMUB?] | Murray & Hjort (1912); Grieg (1933:20) | Young specimen taken by Michael Sars. | ||
| 73 | 15 August, 1903 | Mjofjord, Iceland | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Tentacle (partial), arm | Tentacle (from mouth of whale) | TD: 17 cm; AL?: 6 m | Bergen Museum [=ZMUB?] | Murray & Hjort (1912); Grieg (1933:21) | Length of arm given by whalers. | ||
| 74 | July, 1906 | ?, Norway | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Undetermined; translation of paper needed | Collett (1912:635) | ||||||
| 75 | 1907 | ?, Norway | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Undetermined; translation of paper needed | Collett (1912:635) | ||||||
| 76 | March, 1909 | off Highland Light, Truro, Massachusetts | NWA | Not stated; floating at surface? | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | None | AL: 7 ft 6 in; WL?: ~16-17 ft; AD: 4 in | None | Blake (1909:43) | Found by schooner Annie Perry; attempted to be hoisted aboard but cut in half by rope; tentacle [arm] saved but later discarded. | ||
| 77 | July, 1909 | ?, Norway | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Undetermined; translation of paper needed | Collett (1912:635) | ||||||
| 78 | September, 1910 | off coast of Mayo, Ireland | NEA | From two Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | Two upper beaks | Undetermined | None | Massy (1913:2) | From Captain Bruun. | |||
| 79 | 1910/1911? (autumn) | Lundenes, Grytøy, Senjen [just north of Harstad], Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None | WL: 1.2 m | Brinkmann (1916:178); Grieg (1933:20) | Nordgård (1928:71); Sivertsen (1955:11) | |||
| 80 | June, 1911 | Monterey Bay, California, United States | NEP | Floating at surface, dead | Unidentified; Architeuthis? | Entire; "in very bad condition, there was no color left, and the epidermis had all sloughed off" | None | EL: >30 ft | Berry (1912:117) | ||||
| 81 | February, 1912 | Veiholmen, Smola, Norway | NEA | Found in shallow water | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | BL: 1.9 m; TL: 6.7 m | Kristiansund Museum | Brinkmann (1916:180, fig. 3); Grieg (1933:20) | Nordgård (1928:71); Sivertsen (1955:11) | ||
| 82 | 1912 | Japan | NWP | Unknown | Pfeffer (1912) | Ellis (1998:260) | |||||||
| 83 | 12 October, 1912 | Monterey Bay, California, United States | NEP | Not indicated | Unidentified; Architeuthis? | Entire | None | WT: ~500 lb | Berry (1914:22) | Observed by Mr. K. Hovden (Manager, Booth Canning Company, Monterey). Eaten raw by Italian fishermen who "captured" it. [Highly doubtful considering ammonium chloride present in giant squid tissues.] | |||
| 84 | June-September, 1913 | Belmullet whaling station, Ireland | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874) | Entire, plus other parts | Tip of tentacle; beak and radula; other dry beaks plus portion of gladius | ML: 6 ft; BC: 4 ft; AL: 6 ft; TL: 21 ft; FL: 1 ft 7 in; FW: 1 ft 9.5 in | Undetermined; University of Liverpool? | Hamilton (1915:137); Hardy (1956:286); Collins (1998:489) | From 57 ft 3 in male Sperm Whale (no. 22) examined by J.E. Hamilton. | ||
| 85 | 22 November, 1915 | Leroy, Austreim, north of Bergen, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | Male | ML+HL: 1550 mm; ML: 1310 mm; BD: 440 mm; HW: 310 mm; FL: 430 mm; FW: 105; ALI: 1780 mm; ALIV: 1640 mm; TL: 5600 mm | Bergen Museum [=ZMUB?] | Brinkmann (1916:175, fig. 1); Grieg (1933:17) | Nordgård (1928:71); Sivertsen (1955:11); Toll & Hess (1981b:754) | Plaster cast made of specimen also in Bergen Museum. |
| 86 | 17 March, 1916 | Hellandsjo, west of Hevnefjord, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore, alive | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | A little of the front part, tentacles and arms; remainder used for bait | TL: 6.2 m | VSM | Brinkmann (1916:180); Grieg (1933:20) | Nordgård (1923:11); Nordgård (1928:71); Sivertsen (1955:11) | With sucker response when found by J.F. Vaagan. | |
| 87 | November, 1916 | Oyvag, Djonna, Helgoland, Atlantic Ocean | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire? | None | None | Grieg (1933:20) | ||||
| 88 | 29 October, 1917 | Skateraw (55°58.5'N, 02°25'W), Berwickshire, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874); Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Club and gladius fragment | BL+HL: 5 ft 9 in; FW: 19 in; AL: 4 ft; AC: 9.5 in; TL: 13 ft 10 in; CL: 2 ft 6 in; other measurements and description | NMSZ catalog no. 1917.54.1-2 | Ritchie (1918:133); Ritchie (1922:423); Robson (1933:692); Heppell & Smith (1983:35) | Stephen (1944:264); Stephen (1962:154); Collins (1998:489) | Observations by J. Ritchie after earlier mutilation of specimen by local boys. Colour drawing by Ritchie in NMSZ. | |
| 89 | 10 January, 1918 | reportedly caught in Awa Province; Tokyo fishmarket, Japan | NWP | Not stated | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Entire | Undetermined | Male | ML: 1100 mm; BC: 800 mm; FL: 400 mm; FW: 320 mm; GL: 1040 mm | Sasaki (1929:224, pl. 20 figs. 1-11); Heuvelmans (1965) | Toll & Hess (1981b:753) | ||
| 90 | 1918 | Kilkel, County Clare, Ireland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Not specified | Undetermined | None | Hardy (1956:286) | Collins (1998:489) | |||
| 91 | November, 1919 | Oyvag of Dønna, off coast of Nordland, Norway | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux | Entire? | Undetermined | None | Nordgård (1923:11) | Nordgård (1928:71); Sivertsen (1955:11, fig. 4) | |||
| 92 | February, 1920 | Vallay, North Uist, Outer Hebrides, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis or Sthenoteuthis [fide Ritchie]; Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Stephen] | Entire | None | "Length of squid": 3.5-4 ft; AL: ~1 ft | Ritchie (1920:57) | Stephen (1944:264); Stephen (1962:154); Collins (1998:489) | Information from Mr. G. Beveridge. | ||
| 93 | 1921 | Wick, Moray Firth, Scotland | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux | Beak and sucker ring, dry | Sucker ring; beak lost, photo only extant | None | NMSZ | Heppell & Smith (1983:33) | Collins (1998:489) | ||
| 94 | 1922 | Caithness, North of Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874); Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Stephen (1962:154)] | Not specified | Undetermined | None | NMSZ | Ritchie (1922:423); Robson (1933:692) | Stephen (1944:264); Hardy (1956:287); Stephen (1962:154) | ||
| 95 | 1924 | Margate, Natal | SIO | Unknown | Heuvelmans (1965) | Ellis (1998:260) | |||||||
| 96 | 9 ?October, 1924 | Bluff, New Zealand | SWP | Not stated | Undetermined | BL: 7 ft; "spread of tentacles": 18 ft | Dell (1952:98) | New Zealand Herald 9 October, 1924 | |||||
| 97 | Unknown (prior to spring 1926) | Urago Bay, Oki Islands, Japan | NWP | Not stated | ?Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | None | Hamabe (1957); Nishimura (1968:75) | Capture date prior to spring 1926. | |||
| 98 | 1926 (early spring) | off Kuniga, Oki Islands, Japan | NWP | Not stated | ?Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | None | Hamabe (1957); Nishimura (1968:75) | ||||
| 99 | 1926 | Wingan Inlet, Victoria, Australia | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | Undetermined | None | MacPherson & Gabriel (1962:413) | ||||
| 100 | 13 December, 1927 | Kalveidøy, Fitjar, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None | BL: 1 m; TL: 6.5 m | Grieg (1933:19) | Sivertsen (1955:11) | |||
| 101 | 4 March, 1928 | Ranheim, [Trondheimsfjord] (about 8 km east of Trondheim), Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | Male | WL?: ~7.9 m; ML: 1.37 m; AL: 1.4-1.5 m; TL: 6.4 m | VSM | Nordgård (1928:70, text-fig.); Grieg (1933:20) | Sivertsen (1955:5); Aldrich (1992:476) | Spermatophores present. |
| 102 | 1928 | off Greenland | ? | Jaws only | Muus (1962) | Ellis (1998:260) | Seen by members of the Godthaab Expedition. | ||||||
| 103 | 24 January, 1930 | Gullane (56°02.5'N, 02°51'W), East Lothian, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Undetermined; Stephen specimen No. 1 | BL+HL: 1803 mm; HL: 381 mm; HC: 711 mm; ML: 1422 mm; BC (at mantle edge): 1143 mm; additional measurements | NSMZ; catalog no. 1930.174 | Stephen (1962:151); Heppell & Smith (1983:34) | Collins (1998:489) | Data from unpublished Ritchie manuscript; see Heppell & Smith concerning locality data. | |
| 104 | 1930? | Goose Bay, Kaikoura, New Zealand | SWP | Not stated | Entire | Undetermined | BL: 11 ft; AL[TL?]: ~30 ft | Dell (1952:98) | W.R.B. Oliver. [observer?] | ||||
| 105 | 1930 | Miura Peninsula, Japan | NWP | EL?: 26 ft 6 in | Tomilin (1967) | Ellis (1998:260) | |||||||
| 106 | 1930-1933 | Pacific between Hawaii and Samoa | SWP | Unknown | Grønningsaeter (1946) | Ellis (1998:261) | |||||||
| 107 | 14 January, 1933 | Scarborough, Yorkshire, England | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis clarkei Robson, 1933 | Entire | Entire | ML: 5 ft 5 in; MW: 1 ft 10 in; FL: 2 ft 1.5 in; FW (total): 1 ft 7 in; numerous additional measurements | BMNH 1933.1.30.5 + 1926.3.31.24 (radula and beak); holotype of Architeuthis clarkei Robson, 1933 | Robson (1933:681, text-figs. 1-7, pl. 1) | Stevenson (1935:114); Stephen (1944:264); Hardy (1956:286); Collins (1998:489) | Specimen obtained by W.J. Clarke. | |
| 108 | December, 1933 | Dildo, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Male | ML: 1560 mm | Frost (1934:xxx) | Knudsen (1957:189); Toll & Hess (1981b:754); Aldrich (1992:476) | A replica of this giant squid is now on display in Dildo. | ||||
| 109 | 1934 | Holyrood, Harbour Main [Conception Bay, Newfoundland] | NWA | "Caught" | "Giant squid" | Entire[?] | see [1], [2] | Caught by Joe Ezekiel of Harbour Main. Possibly the same as #111. | |||||
| 110 | 26 June, 1935 | Gulf of Gascogne at depth of 200 m (46°50'N) | NEA | By trawl | Architeuthis nawaji [fide Cadenat (1935)]; Architeuthis harveyi [fide Cadenat (1936)] | Entire | Undetermined; translation of paper needed | Female | EL: 818 cm; ML: 138 cm; FL: 60 cm; TL: 645 cm; AL(IV): 112 cm; AL(I): 110 cm | ?MHNLR | Cadenat (1935:513); Cadenat (1936:277, figs. 1-3) | Caught by the Palombe. | |
| 111 | 12 November, 1935 | Harbour Main, Conception Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Undetermined | Female | ML: 7 ft 2 in; BC: 6 ft 10 in; FL: 2 ft 9 in; FW: 2 ft 1 in; TL: 17 ft 3 in; HL: 1 ft 7 in | Undetermined | Frost (1936, figs 1-10); Stephen (1962:155) | Possibly the same as #109. | ||
| 112 | 7 January, 1937 | off Bell Rock (56°26'N, 02°23'W), Angus, Arbroath, Scotland | NEA | By trawl | Architeuthis harveyi (Kent, 1874); Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Stephen (1962:154)] | Entire | Tentacles and one arm | BL: ~7 ft; AL: 92 cm; TL: 368 + 421 cm | NMSZ; catalog no. 1977107.1 | Stephen (1937:131); Heppell & Smith (1983:34) | Stephen (1944:264); Stephen (1962:154); Collins (1998:489) | Captured alive in trawl, tentacles and one arm cut off and remainder discarded. Date of capture incorrect in Heppell & Smith (1983). | |
| 113 | 22 July, 1937 | Petone, Wellington, New Zealand | SWP | Not stated | Not specified | Undetermined | TL: 22 ft | Dell (1952:98) | Press Association message 22 July, 1937 | ||||
| 114 | 1939 | Norway | NEA | Not stated | Map ___location only | Sivertsen (1955:11, fig. 4) | Possibly the same as #115. | ||||||
| 115 | 10 October, 1939 | near Tromsö, Norway | NEA | "killed by fishermen" | BL+HL?: >13 m; TL: 8.7 m | Wood (1982) | Ellis (1998:261) | Gerald Wood calls it "the largest known Architeuthis". Reference for measurements is "Karl Basilier, personal communication". Possibly the same as #114. | |||||
| 116 | February, 1941 | Susa Bay, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan | NWP | Not stated | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ML: ~1.5 m; WT: ~180 kg | Tanaka (1950); Nishimura (1968:75) | ||||
| 117 | 1941-1978 | Sea of Japan; various locations | NWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis martensi (Hilgendorf, 1880) | Entire; numerous | Undetermined | None | Okiyama (1993:408, fig. 6) | Summary of Sea of Japan strandings. | |||
| 118 | 1945 | Pahau River Mouth, Wellington East Coast, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Entire | Undetermined | WT: >1 ton | Dell (1952:98) | |||||
| 119 | 1946 | Vikebukt, Norway | NEA | Undetermined | Architeuthis sp. | Map ___location only | Undetermined | Sivertsen (1955:11, fig. 4) | |||||
| 120 | September, 1946 | Romsdal, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | EL: 9.35 m; other measurements | Myklebust (1946:377, fig. 1) | Sivertsen (1955:11, map) | |||
| 121 | mid-September, 1948 | Wingan Inlet, Victoria, Australia | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire; poor condition | Head, arms, fins | BL: 7 ft 8 in; HL: 1 ft 6 in; AC: 8-10.5 in | AMS? | Allan (1948:306) | Zeidler (1996:7); Zeidler & Gowlett-Homes (1996:85) | Gladius and internal organs removed prior to reposit. | |
| 122 | 7 September, 1949 | Hirtshals, Denmark | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Undetermined | TL: 1.75 m ["totallaengde uden fangarme"; "total length without tentacles"] | Muus (1959:170) | ||||
| 123 | 2 October, 1949 | Whalefirth Voe (60°35'N, 01°10'W), Shetland, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Jaws and sucker rings; rest cut up for bait | BL: ~4 ft; AL: ~6 ft; TL: ~20 ft | NMSZ; catalog nos. 1950.2 + 1950.3 | Stephen (1950:52); Heppell & Smith (1983:33) | Collins (1998:489) | Jaw, description, and sketch sent by Dr. Petersen and two suckers sent by Mr. J. Inkster to NMSZ. | |
| 124 | 30 November, 1949 | Bay of Nigg, Aberdeen, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. [fide Rae (1950)]; Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Stephen (1962)] | Entire | Undetermined; entire? | Female | ML: 117 cm; HL: 28 cm; FL: 44.5 cm; FW: 37.5 cm; extensive additional measurements and description | ?Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland. Stephen (1962) specimen No. 2 | Rae (1950:163, pls. 20-21) | Hardy (1956:pl. 22); Stephen (1962:148); Boyle (1986:82); Collins (1998:489) | |
| 125 | 1950-1955 | off Mississippi Delta, Gulf of Mexico | NWA | Found floating on surface | Architeuthis physeteris (Joubin, 1899) | Entire, in poor condition | Male | ML: 61.2 cm; extensive description | Voss (1956:136, fig 10) | Toll & Hess (1981b:753); Aldrich (1992:476) | Mature male with spermatophores. | ||
| 126 | 22 August, 1951 | 270 miles W of Shpanberd Id.[need correct spelling], at surface | NWP | Observed alive only | Architeuthis japonicus | Two squid | Observation only | TL(estimate): 10-12 m | None | Sleptsov (1955:75) | Thought to be avoiding Sperm Whales by staying at surface. | ||
| 127 | 14 December, 1951 | Angus, Easthaven, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis harveyi | Entire | Jaws, radula, and piece of arm with suckers | ML: 4 ft 9 in | Undetermined | Stephen (1953:121) | Collins (1998:489) | Mutilated prior to examination. | |
| 128 | January, 1952 | Carnoustie, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Not specified | Undetermined | None | Hardy (1956:287) | ||||
| 129 | 12 June, 1952 | off Sao Lourenco, Madeira Island | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach, vomited up | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | "Fragments" | ET: 10,600 mm; ML: 1,860 mm; TL: 8,500 mm; AL: 2,800 mm; BC: 1,360 mm; TC: 330 mm; WT: 150 kg | MMF | Rees & Maul (1956:266) | Clarke (1962:173) | Still exhibited some signs of life after being vomited. | |
| 130 | 1952 | Florida Keys | NWA | ML: 36 in | Voss (1996) | Ellis (1998:261) | |||||||
| 131 | 1952 (summer) | near Bonin Islands, western Pacific | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica? Pfeffer, 1912 | Entire; two specimens | Undetermined | ML: 92 mm + 104 mm; extensive additional measurements and description | ?Laboratory of Fisheries Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University | Iwai (1956:139, pls. 1-5) | Possibly a non-architeuthid. | ||
| 132 | 1953 | Norway | NEA | Not stated | Map ___location only | Sivertsen (1955:11, fig. 4) | |||||||
| 133 | January, 1954 | Kie Kie Bay, Kaikoura, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Photographs held by NIWA. | Forch (1998:105) | ||||||
| 134 | 22 June, 1954 | 1 mile north of Skaw (Skagerack), Denmark | NEA | Found alive on surface | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | Male | ML: 1010 mm; HL: 275 mm; TL: 4,900 mm; AL(dorsal): 800 mm; hecto.: 90 mm + 1530 mm; internal anatomy | ZMUC? | Knudsen (1957:189, figs. 1-5) | Kjennerud (1958:1); Muus (1959:170); Aldrich (1992:476); Stephen (1962:155); Toll & Hess (1981b:753) | Discovered by fishermen. Mature male with spermatophores and both ventral arms hectocotylised; colour notes. |
| 135 | 30 July, 1954 | Ranheim, Trondheim Fjord, Norway | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Undetermined | WL: 7.5 m; BL: 1.3 m; AL(shorter): 1.9 m; TL: 6.2 m | Sivertsen (1955:5); Knudsen (1956) | ||||
| 136 | 2 October, 1954 | Ranheim, Trondheim Fjord, Norway | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | WL: 9.24 m; BL: 2.14 m; AL(shorter): 1.9 m; TL: 7.1 m; ML: 1.79 m; MW: 0.57 m; FL: 0.52 m; FW(each): 0.18 m; TSD: 2.6 cm; ASD: 1.5 cm | VSM | Sivertsen (1955:5, fig. 1) | Clarke (1966:fig. 4) | ||
| 137 | 4 July, 1955 | off Porto Pim (38°21'N, 29°08'W), Fayal Island, Azores Islands | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undesignated anatomical material | WT: 405 lb; EL: 34 ft 5 in; WL: 16 ft 3 in; ML: 6 ft 6 in; BD: 1 ft 11 in | National Institute of Oceanography? | Clarke (1955, 5 figs.) | Clarke (1956:257, pl. 2 fig. 2) | Squid swallowed whole by 47ft Sperm Whale (no. F346). Examined at Porto Pim whaling station. | |
| 138 | Unknown (1956 at latest) | off Fowey Rocks, Florida, United States | NWA | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis princeps or Architeuthis harveyi | Entire, mutilated | Undetermined | WL?: 47 ft [fide Rathjen] | RSMAS [fide Rathjen]; no longer extant [fide Voss (1956:138)] | Voss (1956:138) | Rathjen (1973:24, fig. 7) | ||
| 139 | 12 May, 1956 | about a mile north of Makara Stream, Wellington west coast, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis kirki Robson, 1887 | Entire, missing tentacles | Entire? | ML: 1829 mm; WT: 127.9 kg; extensive additional measurements and description | Dominion Museum [NMNZ] | Dell (1970:27, figs. 1-8) | Roper & Young (1972:216) | Arm suckers had no sucker rings [fide Dell (1970)]. | |
| * | 1956/1957 | South Orkney Islands (59°41'S, 44°14'W) | SWA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp.; Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni Robson, 1925 | Head and mantle | Undetermined | HL: 30 cm; HW: 20 cm; ED: 16-17 cm; WL?: ~12 m | Korabelnikov (1959:103); Yukhov (1974:62) | Non-architeuthid. Initial identification by I.I. Akimushkin. From 15.8 m long male Sperm Whale. | |||
| * | 1956/1957 | South Shetland Islands (61°56'S, 52°39'W) | SWA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp.; Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni Robson, 1925 | Fin only | Undetermined | FL: 41 cm; FW: 48 cm; WL?: ~10 m | Korabelnikov (1959:103); Yukhov (1974:62) | Non-architeuthid. Initial identification by I.I. Akimushkin. From 15 m long male Sperm Whale. | |||
| 140 | 1 February, 1957 | six miles north by east from Rattray Head, Aberdeenshire, Scotland | NEA | By trawl | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | EL: 23 ft 11 in; ML: 940 mm; BD: 343 mm; TL(R): 4750 mm; CL(R): 559 mm; HL: 279 mm; FL: 305 mm; FW: 305 mm | NMSZ; catalog no. 1957.20. Stephen specimen No. 3 | Stephen et al. (1957:181); Stephen (1962:152, text-fig. 6, pl. 1 fig. 2); Heppell & Smith (1983:33) | Collins (1998:489) | Received from trawler Viking Prestige almost complete, but poorly preserved. | |
| 141 | 14 December, 1957 | Misaki, Oki Islands, Japan | NWP | Not stated | ?Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | None | Hamabe (1957); Nishimura (1968:75) | ||||
| 4 February, 1958 | Ashiya, Hamasaka-machi, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan | NWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | EL?: 4.1 m; WT: ~150 kg | Kamita (1962); Nishimura (1968:75) | |||||
| 7 February, 1958 | off Hagi, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan | NWP | Not stated | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | EL?: ~6 m; WT: 170 kg | Kamita (1962): Nishimura (1968:75) | |||||
| 3 March, 1958 | Sandane, Nordfjord, Norway | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Male | WT: 48 kg; ML: 100 cm; BC: 80 cm; FL: 28+32 cm; FW: 33 cm; HL: 30 cm; HW: 25 cm; AL(ventral): 164 cm; hecto.: 5-6 cm; additional other measurements | ZMUB | Kjennerud (1958:1, figs. 1-9) | Toll & Hess (1981b:753) | Spermatophore and colour notes. | |
| August, 1959 | off Madeira Island | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ?EL: 2.5 m | Clarke (1962:173, fig. 1A) | Toll & Hess (1981b:754) | From male Sperm Whale. | |||
| 6 February, 1960 | Arahama, Kashiwazaki-shi, Niigata Prefecture, Japan | NWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ML: 1.3 m; EL?: 3.5 m; WT: 112 kg | Nishimura (1960:214); Nishimura (1968:75) | |||||
| 23 Januray, 1961 | Oi, Hirata-shi, Shimane Prefecture, Japan | NWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | EL?: 2.6 m; WT: 41.2 kg | Kamita (1962); Nishimura (1968:75) | |||||
| 18 February, 1961 | Camara de Lobos, Madeira Island | NEA | From fish stomach, Alepisaurus ferox | Architeuthis sp. A | Entire | Entire | Female (juvenile) | ML: 57 mm; extensive additional measurements | NMNH cat. no. 727508 | Roper & Young (1972:206, figs. 1a-c, 2-4, 5a) | Nesis et al. (1985:526) | From stomach of lancetfish No. 18123. | |
| April-July, 1961 | near Commander Islands and western Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Combined beak samples | Undetermined | Percentage of whale diet | Kodolov (1970:[158]) | From Sperm Whales sampled in several different whaling regions of Soviet whaling flotilla Aleut during the 1961 season. | ||||
| August, 1961 | Sao Miguel, Azores Islands | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ML: 2.4 m; AL[?]: 4.4 m; WL: 6.8 m | Keil (1963:320, figs. 3-5) | From 16 m Sperm Whale. | ||||
| 16 September, 1961 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One upper beak | None | NMML 110 | Fiscus (1993:92) | From male Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-535). | |||
| December, 1961 | King's Cove, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Architeuthis sp. | Entire? | None | Undetermined | Aldrich (1992:459) | |||||
| April-July, 1962 | near Commander Islands and western Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Combined beak samples | Undetermined | Percentage of whale diet | Kodolov (1970:[158]) | From Sperm Whales sampled in several different whaling regions of Soviet whaling flotilla Aleut during the 1962 season. | ||||
| 23 June, 1962 | Durban Whaling Station, South Africa | SIO | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Body only | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 6 | Male | FL: 40 cm; FW: 28 cm | None?; Clarke specimen No. 6 | Clarke (1980:67) | From Sperm Whale number A956. | ||
| 1962 | Donkergat Whaling Station, South Africa | SEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Head only | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 1 | TL: 176 cm | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 1 | Clarke (1980:67, text-fig. 37A) | ||||
| 13 June, 1963 | Durban Whaling Station, South Africa | SIO | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Head only | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 2 | HL: 19 cm; HW: 15 cm; WT: 19 kg | None?; Clarke specimen No. 2 | Clarke (1980:67) | From Sperm Whale number D1500. | |||
| 15 June, 1963 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One upper beak | None | NMML; catalog no. 111 | Fiscus (1993:92) | From male Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-813). | |||
| 1963 | Donkergat Whaling Station, South Africa | SEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Body only | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 3 | Female | ML: 66.5 cm; MW: 24 cm; FL: 29 cm; FW: 16 cm | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 3 | Clarke (1980:67, text-fig. 37B) | From Sperm Whale no. 2271. | ||
| 13 August, 1963 | Durban Whaling Station, South Africa | SIO | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 5 | ML: ~70 cm; HL: ~23 cm; FL: ~30 cm; FW: ~22 cm | None?; Clarke specimen No. 5 | Clarke (1980:67, text-fig. 37A) | From Sperm Whale number 2258. | |||
| August?, 1963 | Cook Strait, New Zealand | SWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | One beak | Undetermined | None | Gaskin & Cawthorn (1967:170) | From New Zealand whaling station; specimen No. 63
of 1963-1964 season. | ||||
| 17 December, 1963 | off Chile (19°51'S, 95°09'W), South America | SEP | From fish stomach, probably Alepisaurus | Architeuthis sp B. | Entire | Entire | Male (juvenile) | ML: 45 mm; extensive additional measurements | NMNH; catalog no. 727509 | Roper & Young (1972:206, figs. 1d-e, 5b) | Nesis et al. (1985:526) | ||
| 23 April, 1964 | Durban Whaling Station, South Africa | SIO | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Body only | Undetermined; Clarke specimen No. 4 | ML: 58 cm; MW: 19 cm; FL: 23 cm; FW: 11.5 cm | None?; Clarke specimen No. 4 | Clarke (1980:67) | From Sperm Whale number 2418. | |||
| 1964 | Southeastern Atlantic Ocean | SEA | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | Map locations only | Yukhov (1974:61, fig.) | Multiple records from Sperm Whales with generalised data on distribution, depth, and sex. | ||||||
| 1964 | Southwestern Pacific | SWP | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | Map locations only | Undetermined | Yukhov (1974:61, fig.) | Multiple records from Sperm Whales with generalised data on distribution, depth, and sex. | |||||
| 1964 | Southwestern Indian Ocean | SIO | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | Map locations only | Yukhov (1974:61, fig.) | Multiple records from Sperm Whales with generalised data on distribution, depth, and sex. | ||||||
| 23 October, 1964 | Conche, White Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Beaks, gladius, arms, and tentacles | Female | ML: 185 cm; additional measurements and description | MUDB; Aldrich specimen No. 1 | Aldrich (1992:461, figs. 3-4) | Aldrich (1968:395); Aldrich & Brown (1967:4, figs.) | Cestode found in caecum by Pippy & Aldrich (1969). Tentacular regeneration documented by Aldrich & Aldrich (1968:845, figs. 1-3). | |
| 5 December, 1964 | Chapel Arm, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found dead on bottom | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None; discarded | Female | ML: 126 cm; additional measurements and description | None; Aldrich specimen No. 2 | Aldrich (1992:466, fig. 5) | Aldrich (1968:395) | Possibly seen alive in September on several occasions. | |
| 29 September, 1965 | Newman's Cove, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Portion of mantle, tail, and viscera | None; discarded | Female | ML (estimate): 1.37 m | None; Aldrich specimen No. 3 | Aldrich (1992:467) | Aldrich (1968:395) | ||
| 8 October, 1965 | Lance Cove, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Parts (unspecified) | Female | ML: 127 cm; additional measurements | MUDB; Aldrich specimen No. 4 | Aldrich (1992:469, fig. 6) | Voss (1967:407, fig.); Aldrich & Brown (1967:6, fig.); Aldrich (1968:395, fig. 2) | ||
| 24 November, 1965 | Springdale Beach, Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None; discarded | ML: 161 cm; BL(+HL?): 2.13 m; TL: 3.66 m; GL: 147 cm; additional measurements | None; Aldrich specimen No. 5 | Aldrich (1992:469, fig. 7) | Aldrich (1968:395) | |||
| 22 June, 1966 | off "Vigo, Spain" (41°32'N, 9°48'W) | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Lower beak | Undetermined | Description only | Clarke & MacLeod (1974:962, fig. 4) | |||||
| 9 November, 1966 | Sweet Bay, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire; tentacles missing and arms incomplete | Entire | Female | ML: 142 cm; additional measurements and description | MUDB; Aldrich specimen No. 6 | Aldrich (1992:470) | Aldrich & Brown (1967:8, fig.); Aldrich (1968:395, as 11 November) | ||
| 24 November, 1966 | Wild Cove, Fogo Island, Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire, badly mutilated | None; discarded | Female | ML: 107 cm; additional measurements | None; Aldrich specimen No. 7 | Aldrich (1992:471) | Aldrich (1968:395) | ||
| 25 November, 1966 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One upper beak | None | NMML; catalog no. 112 | Fiscus (1993:92) | From male Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1966-165). | |||
| 28 November, 1966 | Eddie's Cove East, Strait of Belle Isle, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire, putrified | None; discarded | None | None; Aldrich specimen No. 8 | Aldrich (1992:471) | Aldrich (1968:395) | |||
| 1 December, 1966 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One lower beak fragment | None | NMML; catalog no. 113 | Fiscus (1993:92) | From female Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1966-177). | |||
| 9 December, 1966 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One upper beak | None | NMML; catalog no. 114 | Fiscus (1993:92) | From male Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1966-185). | |||
| 12 May, 1967 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One pair of beaks | None | NMML; catalog no. 115 | Fiscus & Rice (1974:92, fig. 1); Fiscus et al. (1989:6); Fiscus (1993:93) | From female Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1967-128). | |||
| 6 June, 1967 | off Iceland (64E50'N, 29E30'W) | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Seven beaks | Undetermined | Specimen weights estimated | Clarke & MacLeod (1976:742) | From 53 ft male Sperm Whale (no. 121). | ||||
| July-August, 1967 | in Denmark Strait | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Beaks (as percentage of diet) | Martin & Clarke (1986:785) | Roe (1969:93) as unidentified beaks | From 57 male Sperm Whales processed at Hvalur H.F. whaling station on west coast of Iceland. | |||||
| 22 July - 23 August, 1967 | off Iceland | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | Two beaks | Undetermined | Specimen weights estimated | Clarke & MacLeod (1976:742) | Mixed samples from stomachs of five male Sperm Whales 47-53 ft long. | ||||
| 23 April, 1968 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One upper beak | None | NMML; catalog no. 116 | Fiscus (1993:93) | From female Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1968-108). | |||
| 23 April, 1968 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One upper beak fragment | None | NMML; catalog no. 117 | Fiscus (1993:93) | From male Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1968-109). | |||
| 13 June, 1969 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One upper beak | None | NMML; catalog no. 118 | Fiscus (1993:93) | From female Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1969-143). | |||
| 19 November, 1969 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One lower beak fragment | None | NMML; catalog no. 119 | Fiscus (1993:93) | From male Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1969-201). | |||
| 24 February, 1970 | off central California, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One lower beak fragment | None | NMML; catalog no. 120 | Fiscus (1993:94) | From male Sperm Whale (specimen no. Rice-1970-001). | |||
| 18 September, 1970 | off St. Pierre Island, Grand Banks, Atlantic Ocean | NWA | By trawl | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | None | FOSJ; Aldrich specimen No. 9 | Aldrich (1992:471) | Presented by Government of France in October, 1970. | |||
| 31 October, 1970 | near Azores Islands (38°34'N, 28°11'W) | NEA | From shark stomach, Centroscymnus coelolepis | Architeuthis sp. | "Flesh" | Undetermined | None | Clarke & Merrett (1972:601) | |||||
| November, 1970 | Tasman Sea | SWP | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | One entire; 54 lower beaks | Undetermined | Female | ML: 41.5 cm; BC: 26 cm; AL: 32-49.5 cm; TL: 140 cm; FL: 20 cm; FW: 8 cm; plus estimates of other specimen weights from beaks | Clarke & MacLeod (1982:34) | Combined data from stomachs of 66 Sperm Whale taken at various locations in the Tasman Sea. | |||
| 30 December, 1970 | off Botany Bay, New South Wales, eastern Australia | SWP | From Shortfin mako shark stomach, Isurus oxyrinchus | Architeuthis sp. | Beak | Undetermined | ML(estimate): 567 mm | Dunning et al. (1993:129) | |||||
| November-April, 1970-1973 | southeastern Atlantic Ocean (30°-43°S) | SEA | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | Stomach contents | Undetermined | None | Vovk et al. (1975[1978:131]) | Specimens from Sperm Whales taken on 3 cruises (14 stations) of Antarctic whaling factory ship Yury Dolgoruky during November to April, 1970-1973. | ||||
| November-April, 1970-1973 | Atlantic sector of Antarctic Ocean | SEA | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis sp. | Stomach contents | Undetermined | None | Vovk et al. (1975[1978:131]) | Specimens from Sperm Whales taken on 3 cruises (42 stations) of Antarctic whaling factory ship Yury Dolgoruky during November to April, 1970-1973. | ||||
| Unknown (1971 at latest) | Indian Ocean | SIO | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | EL?: 19 m | Berzin (1971;[199, fig. 98]) | Taken from Sperm Whale stomach by whaling flotilla Sovetskaya Ukraina. | ||||
| 18 November, 1971 | Sunnyside, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Not stated | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Arms and tentacles only | Female | ML: 177 cm; additional measurements | MUDB; Aldrich specimen No. 10 | Aldrich (1992:471, fig. 8A-B) | |||
| Unknown (1972 at latest) | off east coast, Florida, United States | NWA | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Male (mature) | ML: 664 mm | RSMAS; catalog no. UMML 31.1762 | Toll & Hess (1981b:753) | Roper & Young (1972:220) | ||
| July, 1972 | near Rakautura, Kaikoura, New Zealand | SWP | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Club suckers | TL: ~8 m | Lost | Forch (1998:106) | ||||
| 1972 | off Durban, South Africa | SIO | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 1450 mm; extensive additional measurements, illustrations, and description | SAM; catalog no. S1867 | Compagno Roeleveld & Lipinski (1991:432, pls.) | |||
| 8 December, 1972 | eastern equatorial Atlantic (6°34'S, 5°00'W) | SEA | From fish stomach, Prionace glauca | Architeuthis sp. | Jaws plus pieces of mantle, arms, tentacle | Undetermined; beaks? | TL(piece): 2 m; TSD: ~2 cm; ML(estimate): 70-75 cm | Nigmatullin (1976:29, fig. 1) | From stomach of 2 m long blue shark. | ||||
| 14 May, 1974 | off Greenpoint, Table Bay, South Africa | SEA | Found floating at surface, alive | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 1700 mm; extensive measurements, illustrations, and description | SAM; catalog no. S1868 | Compagno Roeleveld & Lipinski (1991:433, pls.) | Found barely alive by Capt. Hennie Smith. | ||
| October, 1974 | South African waters (28°S, 14°11'E) | SEA | By trawl; taken by fisheries vessel | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Piece of arm and tentacle | WT: 220 kg | SAM | Perez-Gandaras & Guerra (1989:114) | ||||
| 18 February, 1975 | Verdalsora, Trondheimsfjorden, Norway | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | TL: 7.96 m; WT: 68.9 kg | Holthe (1975:174) | |||||
| 28 October, 1975 | Bonavista, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None; discarded | Male (mature) | ML: 132 cm; additional measurements | None; Aldrich specimen No. 11 | Aldrich (1992:472, fig. 9A-D) | Mature male with hectocotylus and spermatophores. | ||
| 26 January, 1976 | off Joban District (36°39'N, 141°51'E), Japan | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Tentacle only | Undetermined | None | Okutani et al. (1976:85) | Ohsumi & Satake (1976) | From 10.6 m long male Sperm Whale (no. 56). | |||
| 26 January, 1976 | off Joban District (36°40'N, 141°53'E), Japan | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Tentacle only | Undetermined | None | Okutani et al. (1976:85) | Ohsumi & Satake (1976) | From 11.7 m long male Sperm Whale (no. 58). | |||
| 3 February, 1976 | off Joban District (36°44'N, 141°33'E), Japan | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Entire | Undetermined | ML: 58.5 cm | Okutani et al. (1976:85, pl. 7) | Ohsumi & Satake (1976) | From 13.0 m long male Sperm Whale (no. 75). | |||
| 4 February, 1976 | off Joban District (36°46'N, 141°58'E), Japan | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Mantle only | Undetermined | None | Okutani et al. (1976:85) | Ohsumi & Satake (1976) | From 9.5 m long female Sperm Whale (no. 79). | |||
| March, 1976 | Wellington south coast, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | NMNZ; photographs only | Forch (1998:106) | ||||||
| August, 1976 | off Vancouver, Oregon, United States | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Entire? | Undetermined | ML: ~2 m | Nesis et al. (1985:523) | |||||
| September, 1976 | off South Africa (27°42'S, 14°13'E) | SEA | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | WL: 4.5 m; WT: 200 kg; TL: ~6 m; ML: 195 cm; radula | Perez-Gandaras & Guerra (1978:401, figs. 1-4) | Nesis et al. (1985:518) | Stomach contents analysed. | |||
| 19 November, 1977 | North Berwick (56°03.5'N, 02°43'W), Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux | Entire | Entire; dissected, parts preserved separately | Female | ML: 161 cm; HL: 43 cm; AL: 230 cm; TL: 440 cm; FL: 67 cm; FW: 55 cm | NMSZ; catalog no. 1978090.1 | Heppell (1978:89); Heppell & Smith (1983:34) | Collins (1998:489) | ||
| 21 November, 1977 | Lance Cove, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | None | Unknown size | None; Aldrich specimen No. 12 | Aldrich (1992:472) | Report only, specimen not observed. | |||
| April, 1978 | Jiaonon, Shandong Province, China | NWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Beaks | Undetermined | None | Dong (1984:328, fig. 2.1) | From stranded Sperm Whale. | ||||
| ~15 June, 1978 | near Mack Arch, Oregon, North Pacific Ocean | NEP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Sucker rings | WT: 225 lb | SBMNH; catalog no. 60119 | Anonymous (1978a); Anonymous (1978b) | Caught by commercial fisherman G. Steffensmier. | |||
| 21 June, 1978 | off Fort Lauderdale, Straits of Florida, United States | NWA | From fish stomach, Xiphias gladius | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Male (mature) | ML: 167+ mm; GL: 179 mm; additional extensive description | RSMAS; catalog no. UMML 31.1761 | Toll & Hess (1981b:754, fig 1) | Toll & Hess (1981a:768); Hess & Toll (1981:162, fig 4) | From stomach of female swordfish (205 cm fork length). | |
| July, 1978 | Gisborne, New Zealand | SWP | Trawl capture | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Forch (1998:106) | Gisborne Herald photographs | ||||||
| late 1978 | Albany, Western Australia | SWP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Two specimens | Undetermined | WT(larger specimen): 280 kg | Wallaroo Heritage and Nautical Museum, South Australia (smaller specimen) | Zeidler (1996:7) | Zeidler & Gowlett-Holmes (1996:85) | Caught by Cheynes Beach Whaling Co., Albany, Western Australia. | ||
| Unknown (1979 at latest) | Noto-cho, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan | NWP | In floating blanket net | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | TL: 5.5 m; WT: 97 kg | Satomi (1979) | Kitaguni Newspaper (photo) [fide T. Kubodera (pers. comm. [fide Sweeney (2001:75)])] | ||||
| 20 August, 1979 | at depth of 550 fathoms, Cortez Bank, California, United States | NEP | Sable fish trap | Architeuthis japonica? | Tentacle only; recovered from trap | Tentacle | SBMNH; catalog no. 60117 | Hochberg (in prep. [fide Sweeney (2001:81)]) | |||||
| 19 November, 1979 | St. Brendan's, Cottel's Island, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire, in several pieces | None; discarded | Female | ML: 154 cm; additional measurements | None; Aldrich specimen No. 13 | Aldrich (1992:473) | |||
| Unknown (1980 at latest) | Oregon, United States | NEP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Entire? | Undetermined | None | Hochberg & Fields (1980:434) | Nesis et al. (1985:523) | ||||
| early February, 1980 | Plum Island, Massachusetts, United States; see [3] | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire, missing long feeding tentacles and skin; lost when the squid washed ashore | Entire | Female | WL: 2.7 m; ML: ~2 m; EL(estimate): ~9/~10 m; WT: 200 kg | NMNH; catalog no. 814000 | Roper & Boss (1982:96); see also [4] | Currently on exhibit at the NMNH. | ||
| March-April, 1980 | about 250 miles off California (34°39'-35°39'N, 126°25'-127°28'W) at 25-40 to 90 m depth, North Pacific Ocean | NEP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | 18 entire specimens | Undetermined | ML: 50-77 cm (ML(average): 62.5 cm); additional measurements, indices, and descriptions | Nesis et al. (1985:519, figs. 1-3) | Eighteen specimens taken in 9 trawls. | ||||
| 2 July, 1980 | 1500 miles off Oregon (42°35'N, 148°35'W) at 15 m depth, Northeast Pacific | NEP | By pelagic trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire, minus arms and tentacles | ML(fresh): 164 cm; FL(fresh): 75 cm; FW(fresh): 43 cm; description of thawed plus preserved specimen | ZMMGU | Nesis et al. (1985:518) | Taken by R/V Novoul'yanovsk with 133 m pelagic trawl at 15 m depth. | |||
| 1980 | off New South Wales coast, Eastern Australia | SWP | From Smooth hammerhead stomach, Sphyrna zygaena | Architeuthis sp. | Beak | Undetermined | ML(estimate): 706 mm | Dunning et al. (1993:124) | |||||
| 20 August, 1980 | South African waters | SEA | By trawl; taken by fisheries vessel | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | None | ML: 0.81 m | Perez-Gandaras & Guerra (1989:114) | |||||
| 21 October, 1980 | Patton Escarpment (32°28'30"N, 120°15'48"W) at 500-600 m depth, California, United States | NEP | By RMT-8 midwater trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Tentacle club and stalk | Tentacle club and stalk | CL: 41.5 cm | SBMNH; catalog no. 60120 | Robison (1989:39, figs. 1-2) | ||||
| February, 1981 | Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands | NEP | By hook and line | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Beak plus piece of flesh | WL?: 20 ft | Undetermined | Higa (1981:9) | Taken alive while trolling by M. Yoshida and D. Maeda; attacked by False Killer Whale during retrieval. | |||
| 20 May, 1981 | Vavilov Ridge (7°56'S, 0°57'E) at 400-470 m depth, Southeast Atlantic | SEA | By 110 m cable-trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Tentacles plus part of viscera; remainder lost | TL(fresh): 420 + 400 cm; TL(fixed): 287 + 269 cm; additional counts, measurements, and description | Undetermined | Nesis et al. (1985:522) | Taken by R/V Novoukrainka. | |||
| 3 August, 1981 | Southeast Atlantic (27°45'S, 10°45'E) at 18-95 m depth | SEA | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | ML: 81 cm; TL: 364 cm; WT: 11.8 kg | Undetermined | Nesis et al. (1985:522) | Taken by R/V Novoukrainka. | |||
| 7 September, 1981 | Azores Islands | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Lower beak | Undetermined | LRL: 14.1 mm | Clarke (1986:fig. 22b) | |||||
| 11 October, 1981 | Tasman Sea (33°19.4'S, 155°00.3E) at 20 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | ML: 103 mm | NMV | Lu (1986:9, fig.) | Captured by FRV Soela at 1450 hours. | |||
| 14 November, 1981 | Hare Bay, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 159 cm; additional measurements | Natural History Branch of Newfoundland Museum; catalog no. MO-1692. Aldrich specimen No. 14 | Aldrich (1992:473) | |||
| 1981-1984 | Azores | NEA | From Sperm Whale stomachs | Architeuthis ?dux Steenstrup, 1860 | Beaks | Undetermined | WT(estimated average): 23 kg; ML(estimated average): 1 m | Clarke et al. (1993:71) | Found in stomach contents of 76.5% of 17 Sperm Whales sampled during 1981-1984. | ||||
| 30 January, 1982 | off New South Wales (33°44'S, 153°00'E) from surface to 600 m depth, Australia | SWP | By oblique pelagic trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | Female | ML: 42.2 cm | Jackson et al. (1991:331) | ||||
| July, 1982 | North Canterbury, New Zealand | SWP | Trawl capture | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Partial club | NMNZ; NMNZ M77446 | Forch (1998:106) | |||||
| 23 August, 1982 | off shore, Radoy (near Bergen), Norway | NEA | By hook and line, caught alive | Architeuthis monachus (Steenstrup in Harting, 1860) | Entire | Undetermined | EL: ~10 m; TL: ~7.3 m; WT: ~220 kg | ZMUB? | Brix (1983:422, fig. 1) | Brix et al. (1989:34) | Caught in 5 m deep bay; dying at time of capture. Blood study by Brix et al. | ||
| 30 October, 1982 | Sandy Cove, Fogo Island, Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland | NWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 | Entire, in poor condition | Entire? | Female | ML: 169 cm; additional measurements | NMSJ; catalog no. MO-1693. Aldrich specimen No. 15 | Aldrich (1992:474, fig. 10) | "Had engaged in battle with what apparently was another cephalopod." | ||
| 30 December, 1982 | Kuzuareyama coast of Noh-machi, Niigata Prefecture, Sea of Japan | NWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Entire | Undetermined | WL?: 3.98 m; WT: 120 kg | Honma et al. (1983:23, fig. 1) | |||||
| 19 August, 1983 | west coast (39°03'S, 174°04'E), North Island, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 1 | ML: 2035 mm; HL: ~0.5 m; WT: >200 kg; ASD: 23 mm | NMNZ; NMNZ M79971. Gauldie et al. specimen No. 1 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1983:6, fig.); Forch (1998:specimen 1) | Found in New Plymouth power station cooling water intake. | |||
| 8-9 January, 1984 | Cove Bay (near Aberdeen), Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis cf. dux | Entire | Undetermined | Female | WL: ~4.23 m; ML: ~1.75 m; GL: 1.57 m; BC: 1.40 m; HC: 0.88 m; WT: ~168 kg; ED: <1.0-<0.5 mm | Nixon (1984:4); Boyle (1986:81) | Boyle (1984:12); Collins (1998:489) | Tested for buoyancy. Egg count estimated at >10×106. | ||
| 8 March, 1984 | Aukland Islands (51°16'S, 166°52'E) at 533 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 2 | Female | ML: 1930 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 2 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998: specimen 2) | Caught by F/V Shinkai Maru. | ||
| 12 April, 1984 | southeast coast (41°11'S, 176°44'E) at 870-1100 m depth, North Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 3 | Female | ML: 930 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 3 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 5) | |||
| 3 May, 1984 | west coast (40°54'S, 176°14'E), North Island, New Zealand | SWP | Found floating | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 4 | Female | ML: 1770 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 4 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 3) | |||
| 9 May, 1984 | Cape Palliser, Wellington, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire? | Undetermined | None | Stevens (1988:150) | |||||
| 12 May, 1984 | south coast (41°17'S, 174°47'E), North Island, New Zealand | SWP | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 5 | Female | ML: 1825 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 5 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 4) | Stevens (1988:150, fig. 3) | ||
| May, 1984 | Namibia, South African waters | SEA | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ML: 1250 mm[?]; WT: 38 kg; MW: 390 mm; HW: 250 mm; FL: 570 mm; FW: 280 mm[?]; TL: 4750 mm | Perez-Gandaras & Guerra (1989:115) | Taken by fisheries vessel. | ||||
| June, 1984 | west coast hoki grounds, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Forch (1998:106) | Caught by F/V Arrow. | ||||||
| 25 July, 1984 | northwest coast (41°05'S, 170°52'E) at 475 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 6 | Female | ML: 1560 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 6 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 6) | |||
| 24 September, 1984 | southwest coast (46°18'S, 166°30'E) at 365 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 7 | Female | ML: 2020 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 7 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 7) | Caught by F/V Tengawai. | ||
| Unknown (sampled during 1984-1990) | San Miguel Island, California, United States | NEP | From Northern Elephant Seal stomach, Mirounga angustirostris | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | Undetermined | None | Antonelis et al. (1994:214) | From three Northern Elephant Seals, sampled during 1984-1990. | ||||
| 6 June, 1985 | New Zealand (47°04'S, 169°32'E) at 310 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Female | ML: ~2000 mm | Forch (1998:106) | Caught by F/V Daishin Maru 23. | ||||
| Unknown (1986 at latest) | Unknown | ? | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Buccal mass and beak | Beak | LRL: 18.8 mm | Undetermined | Clarke (1986:fig. 22a) | From Sperm Whale stomach (G17A65). | |||
| Unknown (1986 at latest) | South Africa | SEA | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Lower beak | Beak | LRL: 17.2 mm | Undetermined | Clarke (1986:fig. 23) | ||||
| Unknown (1986 at latest) | Azores Islands | NEA | Not stated | Architeuthis sp. | Lower beak | Lower beak | ML: 1980 mm; LRL: 19.4 mm | Undetermined | Clarke (1986:fig. 24a) | ||||
| 29 January, 1986 | off Aberdeen, Scotland | NEA | By trawl | Architeuthis cf. dux | Entire | None; sold commercially | WL: 2.98 m; ML: 1.45 m; BC: 1.10 m; AC: 0.22 m; WT: ~90 kg | Boyle (1986:82) | Collins (1998:489) | Caught by fishing vessel; measurements by Mr. G. Howard. | |||
| March, 1986 | near mouth of Orange River (27°52'S, 14°40'E) at 510-550 m depth, South Africa | SEA | By bottom trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 1680 mm; extensive measurements, illustrations, and description | SAM; catalog no. S1681 | Compagno Roeleveld & Lipinski (1991:433, pls.) | Taken by MT Pardelhas. | ||
| 31 March, 1986 | Aukland Islands (50°50'S, 166°51'E) at 296 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 8 | Female | ML: 1720 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 8 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 11) | Caught by F/V Akebono Maru 73. | ||
| 11 April, 1986 | northeast coast (35°43'S, 174°20'E), North Island, New Zealand | SWP | Found floating | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 9 | Male | ML: 1260 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 9 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 9) | |||
| 17 April, 1986 | east coast (43°38'S, 174°43'E) at 470 m depth , South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 10 | Female | ML: 1815 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 10 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 12) | Caught by F/V Banshu Maru 8. | ||
| 27 May, 1986 | southwest coast (46°32'S, 166°11'E) at 604 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 11 | Female | ML: 1830 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 11 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 13) | Caught by F/V Daishin Maru 28. | ||
| 18 July, 1986 | west coast (42°03'S, 170°26'E) at 500 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 12 | ML: 1380 mm; WT: 43.5 kg; see Forch (1998:110) | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 12 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:107) | Caught by F/V Dolomit. | |||
| 8 September, 1986 | east coast (43°43'S, 174°56'E) at 480 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 13 | Female | ML: 2140 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 13 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch 1998:specimen 14) | Caught by F/V Banshu Maru 8. | ||
| 26 February, 1987 | east coast (44°09'S, 173°44'E) at 350 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 14 | Male | ML: 1900 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 14 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 8) | Caught by F/V Daishin Maru 22. | ||
| 5 March, 1987 | off Shetland Islands | NEA | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Undetermined | ML: 1100 mm | Collins (1998:489) | ||||||
| April-July, 1987 | approximately 40°S, 120°W, South Pacific | SEP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Eight juveniles | Undetermined | None | Alexeyev (1994:156, map) | Taken in subantarctic waters by R/V Vozrozhdeniye, cruise XI. | ||||
| 3 May, 1987 | southeast coast (41°31'S, 176°43'E) at 360 m depth, North Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 15 | Female | ML: 1610 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 15 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94) | Forch (1998:107) | Listed in table as 3 April. Used for statolith study. | |
| 9 May, 1987 | east coast (43°38'S, 174°14'E) at 506 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 16 | Female | ML: 2135 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 16 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:specimen 15) | Caught by F/V Daishin Maru 28. | ||
| 26 July, 1987 | west coast (42°35'S, 170°23'E) at 503 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 17 | ML: 1300 mm; see Forch (1998:110) | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 17 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:107) | Caught by F/V Zuiyo 3. | |||
| 1987 | near Sydney, Australia | SWP | By trawl? | Architeuthis sp. | Entire? | Undetermined | WT: 150 kg | Gannon (1996) | "150 kg monster landed near Sydney in 1987" | ||||
| 16 August, 1987 | west coast (41°21'S, 170°30'E) at 464 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 18 | ML: 1370 mm; WT: 70 kg; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 18 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94) | Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Zuiyo 3. | ||
| 25 August, 1987 | west coast (41°31'S, 170°34'E), South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 19 | Female | ML: 1230 mm; see Forch (1998:110) | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 19 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:108) | |||
| 2 September, 1987 | east of (51°18'S, 170°23'E), Aukland Islands | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 20 | ML: 1780 mm; see Forch (1998:110) | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 20 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Mys Kronotsky. | |||
| 13 October, 1987 | south coast (46°24'S, 166°23'E) at 487 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 21 | ML: 1770 mm; see Forch (1998:110) | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 21 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Chiyo Maru 2. | |||
| October, 1987 | South African waters (29°46'S, 14°43'E) | SEA | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ML: 1790 mm[?]; WT: 130 kg; MW: 485 mm; HW: 240 mm; FL: 720 mm; FW: 360 mm | Perez-Gandaras & Guerra (1989:115) | Taken by fisheries vessel. | ||||
| 4 November, 1987 | south coast (47°32'S, 169°10'E), South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 22 | ML: 2010 mm; see Forch (1998:110) | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 22 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Chiyo Maru. | |||
| 5 November, 1987 | southwest coast (46°31'S, 166°30'E) at 550 m depth, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 23 | ML: 1770 mm; no other measurements | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 23 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94) | Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Chiyo Maru 2. | ||
| 5 December, 1987 | New Zealand (47°28'S, 169°35'E) at 540 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | WT: ~80 kg | Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Chiyo Maru 2. | |||||
| 6 December, 1987 | New Zealand (47°30'S, 169°19'E) at 550 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | WT: ~20 kg | Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Chiyo Maru 2. | |||||
| late 1987 | hoki grounds, South Island, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | None; Forch specimen No. 10 | Female | ML: 1830 mm; no other measurements | None?; Forch specimen No. 10 | Forch (1998:107) | |||
| 25 January, 1988 | Aukland Islands (51°00'S, 166°42'E) at 495 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887 | Entire | None; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 24 | ML: 1880 mm; WT: ~150 kg; see Forch (1998:110) | None?; Gauldie et al. specimen No. 24 | Gauldie et al. (1994:94); Forch (1998:108) | Caught by F/V Nikolaevskiy Korabel. | |||
| 16 April, 1988 | Shirohara, Iwamicho, Totori Prefecture, Japan | NWP | Found washed ashore, alive | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire? | TL: 7 m; ML: 1.3 m; WT: 80 kg | Tottori Prefectural Museum [fide T. Kubodera (pers. comm. [fide Sweeney (2001:74)])] | Nomura (1988:26) | On public display. | |||
| 12 March, 1989 | Namibia (26°07'S, 13°41'E) | SEA | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Only tentacle clubs, hectocotylus, genitalia, beaks, and statolith | Male (mature) | ML(fresh): 1220 mm; FL(thawed): 540 mm; FW(thawed): 460 mm; MW(thawed): 460 mm; TL(thawed): 5060 + 4510 mm[?]; WT(thawed): 41,350 g; other measurements | ICM? | Villanueva & Sanchez (1993:33) | |||
| September, 1989 | Santa Catarina State (27°24'S, 45°37'W), Brazil | SWA | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis sp. | Female | ML: 151 cm | Instituto de Pesca, Santos, Brazil | Arfelli et al. (1991:83, figs. 2-3) | Re et al. (1998:xxx) | ||||
| 7 February, 1990 | Poipu, Kauai, Hawaiian Islands | NEP | From Sperm Whale stomach | Architeuthis sp. | Lower beaks | Undetermined | Clarke & Young (1998:625) | From stranded 7250 kg male Sperm Whale. | |||||
| 10 February, 1990 | Long Rock, Penzance, Cornwall, England | NEA | From stomach of stranded Sperm Whale | Architeuthis spp. | 47 beaks | Beaks? | Undetermined | Clarke & Pascoe (1997:1256) | From 46 ft male Sperm Whale. | ||||
| 19 July, 1990 | West Cove, San Miguel Island, California, United States | NEP | From Northern Elephant Seal stomach, Mirounga angustirostris | Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912 | Beaks | One lower beak | None | NMML; catalog no. 486 | Fiscus (1993:94) | From male Northern Elephant Seal (specimen no. Y1991/1992). | |||
| 14 March, 1991 | Kommetjie (Cape Peninsula), South Africa | SEA | Undetermined | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 1850 mm; statolith | SAM | Lipinski (1997:299) | |||
| 15 June, 1991 | South Africa (34°47'S 18°14'E) | SEA | Undetermined | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 1400 mm; statolith | SAM | Lipinski (1997:299) | |||
| 7 May, 1992 | Kommetjie (Cape Peninsula), South Africa | SEA | Undetermined | Architeuthis sp. | Head only | Head | Female | statolith | SAM | Lipinski (1997:299) | |||
| 10 June, 1992 | South Africa (32°53'S) | SEA | Undetermined | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 1770 mm; statolith | SAM | Lipinski (1997:299) | |||
| 15-16 July, 1992 | northwest of Chatham Islands; see [5] | SWP | Sighting | Architeuthis sp. | Larva(e) | Larva(e) | O'Shea | ||||||
| 14 May, 1993 | Morne Brabant, Mauritius | SIO | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ML: 4.5 m; WT: 240 kg | Staub (1993:141, pl. 1a,b) | |||||
| 21 April, 1994 | off central Honshu (35°20.1'N, 143°00.1'E), Japan | NWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire; "not in good condition" | Entire | ML: 19.8 mm; FL: 4.5 mm; HL: 6.4 mm, etc. | Not stated | Tsuchiya & Mori (1998:225) | Juvenile specimen. | |||
| May, 1994 | New Zealand (43°55'S, 176°50'E) at 515 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | In pieces | ML: 1850 mm; FL: 760 mm | NMNZ; NMNZ M18019 | Forch (1998:109) | Caught by F/V Dalmor. | |||
| May, 1994 | New Zealand (43°48'S, 177°35'E) at 514 m depth | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Incomplete | ML: 1110 mm; FL: 490 mm | NMNZ; NMNZ M18020 | Forch (1998:109) | Caught by F/V Dalmor. | |||
| 9 March, 1995 | SSE of Cape Banks (37°56.32'S, 140°20.79'E), Australia | SWP | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | ML: 1530 mm; FL: 430 mm; GL: 1440 mm; HL: 320 mm; extensive measurement taken | SAMA; SAMA D-18936 | Zeidler & Gowlett-Holmes (1996:85) | Caught by Mr. M. von Stanke on F/V Ocean Lady over 25 m bottom depth. Tissue samples saved at -80°. | |||
| 2 April, 1995 | Golfo San Jorge (46°30'S, 66°00'W), Argentina | SWA | By trawl at 70 m depth | Architeuthis | Female (mature) | ML: 1625 mm | Museo de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia, Buenos Aires | Brunetti et al. (1998:xxx) | Re et al. (1998:xxx) | ||||
| 26 April, 1995 | west of Aran Islands (53°00'N, 12°20'W) at 287 m depth , Ireland | NEA | By 80 mm mesh benthic trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | ML: 1028 mm; MW: 379 mm; TL: 5970 mm; WT: 26.9 kg; extensive additional measurements | NMI; catalog no. 14-1995 | Collins et al. (1997:562) | Lordan et al. (1998:905); Collins (1998:489) | Taken by trawler Sionnainn. | ||
| 24 June, 1995 | Porcupine Bank (52°25'N, 13°45'W) at 300 m depth, Ireland | NEA | By 80 mm mesh benthic trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undeterminded | Male (mature) | ML: 975 mm; MW: 335 mm; TL: 5950 mm; WT: 22.45 kg; extensive additional measurements available | NMI; catalog no. 44-1995 | Collins et al. (1997:562) | Lordan et al. (1998:905); Collins (1998:489) | Taken by trawler Sionnainn. | |
| 25 June, 1995 | southwest Aran Islands (52°50'N, 10°20'W) at 110 m depth, Ireland | NEA | By 80 mm mesh benthic trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Undetermined | Male (mature) | ML: 1084 mm; MW: 335 mm; WT: 26.5 kg; extensive additional measurements available | NMI; catalog no. 43-1995 | Collins et al. (1997:562) | Lordan et al. (1998:905); Collins (1998:489) | Taken by trawler Galway. | |
| 10 July, 1995 | South Africa (32°50'S 16°40'E) | SEA | Undetermined | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Male | ML: 1180 mm; statolith | SAM | Lipinski (1997:299) | |||
| 15 July, 1995 | Golfo San Jorge (45°12'S, 66°30'W), Bahia Bustamantel, Argentina | SWA | Found washed ashore on mat of seaweed | Female (immature) | ML: 1300 mm | Ruiz & Fondacaro (1996) | Re et al. (1998:xxx) | ||||||
| 1 December, 1995 | off South Island (43°24' - 43°31'S, 169°20' - 169°10'E), New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | NIWA | Puente (1996) | Collected by T. Devlin on F/V J. Elaine. | ||||
| 31 December, 1995 | off South Island (43°12.3'S, 178°19.9'E), New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 2000 mm; WT: ~600 lb | NIWA | Ellis (1997:1); Forch (1998:specimen 16) | see Puente (1996); see Reuter (1996) | Collected by FRV Tangaroa. | |
| Unknown (1996 at latest) | near Mt Gambier, off Cape Banks, South Australia | SWP | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | WT: 86 kg; BL+HL: 1.85 m; AL: 1.75 m (longest); TL: 7.39m (longest); eye orbit: 17 cm; EL: >9 m | SAMA | Zeidler (1996:7, fig.) | Female with fully formed ovaries and small white eggs. | ||
| "very early" January, 1996 | off South Island (43°26.47'S, 176°23.17'E) at 310 m depth, New Zealand | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Male | TL: 21 ft | NIWA | Ellis (1997:9) | Forch (1998:109); see Puente (1996); see Reuter (1996) | Caught by FRV Tangaroa. | |
| 24 May, 1996 | Golfo San Jorge (45°08'S, 66°31'W), Bahia Bustamantel, Argentina | SWA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Female (immature) | ML: 1940 mm; see Re et al. | MCNOPM | Re et al. (1998:xxx) | ||||
| 10 June, 1996 | off King Island at 1000 m depth, Tasmania | SWP | By trawl | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | WT: >200 kg; TL?: 8 m | NMV | Gannon (1996); Annon (1996) | Captured by D. McNamara and R. Bradshaw on trawler Empress Pearl. | |||
| 1997 | ?, New Zealand | SWP | Undetermined | Architeuthis kirki | Entire | Entire | Male | TL: 25 ft | AMNH | Landman & Ellis (1998:150, fig.) | On display. | ||
| 18 January, 1998 | Newburgh, Scotland | NEA | Found washed ashore | Architeuthis sp. | Entire | Entire | Female | ML: 1230 mm; see Collins (1998:491) | NMSZ | Collins (1998:491) | |||
| April, 1999 | Northeast Providence Channel, Bahamas | NWA | Found floating at surface | Architeuthis sp. | Entire; distal half of tentacles missing | Entire, in two pieces | Male (mature) | EL: 11 ft | RSMAS | Anonymous (1999:1) | |||
| 28 September, 2000 | south of Wellington, North Island; see [6] | SWP | Sighting | Architeuthis sp. | Larva(e) | Larva(e) | O'Shea | ||||||
| Unknown | east of Palmerston North, North Island; see [7] | SWP | Sighting | Architeuthis sp. | Larva(e) | Larva(e) | O'Shea | ||||||
| 15 January, 2002 | Goshiki beach, seashore of Amino Cho, Japan | NWP | Found alive near surface; tied to quay with rope; later died | Architeuthis | Entire; outer mantle layer damaged/missing | Entire; preserved | ML?: 2 m; EL?: 4 m | National Science Museum of Japan | Anonymous (2002); see [8], [9] | First images of live giant squid. Identified by Mr. Koutarou Tsuchiya of the Tokyo University of Fisheries. On display at the National Science Museum of Japan. | |||
| Unknown (2003 at latest) | Japan | NWP | Observed at surface of water, alive; attracted with jig-caught Thysanoteuthis | Architeuthis | Entire; alive | None? | see [10], [11] | Possibly first observation of live giant squid in its natural habitat; first observation of healthy[?] giant squid at surface. | |||||
| Unknown (2003 at latest) | Japan | NWP | Observed at surface of water with Megalocranchia | Architeuthis | Entire; alive | None? | see [12], [13] | Possibly first observation of live giant squid in its natural habitat; first observation of healthy[?] giant squid at surface. Countershading observed in Architeuthis for the first time. | |||||
| 30 September, 2004 | off Ogasawara Islands at depth of 900 m (26°57.3'N, 142°16.8'E; approximately 600 miles south of Tokyo); see [14] | NWP | Sighted in natural habitat; line baited with squid and shrimp | Architeuthis | Entire; live animal sighted and photographed | 5.5 m long portion of tentacle attached to line; squid broke free and swam away | Recovered tentacle: 5.5 m long; TCL: 720 mm; LSD: 28 mm; ML(estimate based on TCL): 1615 mm; ML(estimate based on LSD): 1709 mm; WL(estimate): ~4.7 m; EL(estimate): >8 m | Kubodera & Mori (2005) | Numerous media sources | First widely reported images of live giant squid in its natural habitat. Feeding behaviour observed; "Architeuthis appears to be a much more active predator than previously suspected, using its elongate feeding tentacles to strike and tangle prey". (see [15]) |
![[3]](https://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/IMAGES/plum_island_map.gif){kind=link}
![[5]](https://www.tonmo.com/images/content/architeuthismap.jpg){kind=link}
* Incorrectly identified as belonging to the genus Architeuthis.
Taxa associated with Architeuthis
The following tables list the nominal genus and species level taxa historically associated with the genus Architeuthis.
Genera
| Genus name and author citation | Current systematic status | Type species |
|---|---|---|
| Architeuthus [Architeuthis] Steenstrup, 1857:183. | Nomen tantum; see Hoyle (1910:407-408) | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 by subsequent designation of Hoyle (1910:408) |
| Architeuthis Steenstrup in Harting, 1860:11. | Valid genus [fide Hoyle (1910:408)] | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup in Harting, 1860 by subsequent designation of Hoyle (1910:408) |
| Dinoteuthis More, 1875:4527. | Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Pfeffer (1912:15)] | Dinoteuthis proboscideus More, 1875 by monotypy |
| Dubioteuthis Joubin, 1900:102. | Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Pfeffer (1912:15)] | Dubioteuthis physeteris Joubin, 1900 by monotypy |
| Megaloteuthis Kent, 1874:181. | Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Verrill (1879-1880:197)] | Megaloteuthis harveyi Kent, 1874 by monotypy |
| Megateuthis Hilgendorf, 1880:65. | Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Pfeffer (1912:15)] | Megateuthis martensii Hilgendorf, 1880 by monotypy |
| Mouchezis Velain, 1877:81, text-fig. 8. | Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Hoyle (1910:411)] | Mouchezis sancti-pauli Velain, 1877 by monotypy |
| Plectoteuthis Owen, 1881:156. | Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Verrill (1880-1881:401)] | Plectoteuthis grandis Owen, 1881 by monotypy |
| Steenstrupia Kirk, 1882:286. | Preoccupied and synonym of Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Verrill (1882:477)] | Steenstrupia stockii Kirk, 1882 by monotypy |
Species
| Binomial name and author citation | Current systematic status | Type locality | Type repository |
|---|---|---|---|
| Loligo bouyeri Crosse & Fischer, 1862:138 | Architeuthid? [fide Gervais (1875:93)] | Canary Islands? | Unresolved |
| Architeuthis clarkei Robson, 1933:682, text-figs. 1-7, pl. 1. | Undetermined | Scarborough Beach, Yorkshire, England | BMNH Holotype 1933.1.30.5 + 1926.3.31.24 (radula and beak)[fide Lipinski et al. (2000:106)] |
| Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857:183 | Nomen tantum | ||
| Architeuthis dux Steenstrup in Harting, 1860:11, pl. 1 fig. 1A. | Valid species [fide Nesis (1987:218)] | 31°N, 76°W (Atlantic Ocean) | ZMUC Holotype [fide Kristensen & Knudsen (1983:222)] |
| Plectoteuthis grandis Owen, 1881:156, pls. 34-35. | Architeuthis sp. [fide Pfeffer (1912:2)] | Not indicated | BMNH Holotype [fide Owen (1881:156)] [not traced by Lipinski et al. (2000)] |
| Loligo hartingii Verrill, 1875b:86, fig 28. | Valid species; [Architeuthis hartingii fide Verrill (1879-1880a:240)] | Not indicated | University of Utrecht as Architeuthis dux, identification by Harting |
| Megaloteuthis harveyi Kent, 1874:181. | Architeuthis sp. | Conception Bay, Newfoundland | YPM Type 12600y [fide S.S. Berry unpublished notes at NMNH] |
| Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912:27. | Undetermined | Tokyo Bay, Japan | Undetermined; Holotype [= Mitsukuri & Ikeda (1895:39-50, pl. 10)] |
| Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887:155. | Architeuthis stockii (Kirk, 1882) [fide Forch (1998:89)] | Cape Campbell, New Zealand | NMNZ Holotype M.125404 + ?M.125406 [fide Marshall (1996:45)] |
| Architeuthis longimanus Kirk, 1888:34, pls. 7-9. | Architeuthis stockii (Kirk, 1882) [fide Forch (1998:89)] | Lyall Bay, New Zealand | NMNZ Holotype; specimen not located [fide Marshall (1996:46)] |
| Megateuthis martensii Hilgendorf, 1880 | Yedo Japan fish market, Japan | ZMB Moll. 34716 + 38980 | |
| Architeuthis megaptera Verrill, 1878 | Nova Scotia, Canada | NSMC 1870–Z-2 | |
| Architeuthis? monachus Steenstrup, 1857:184. | Nomen tantum | ||
| Architeuthis monachus Steenstrup in Harting, 1860:11. | Architeuthis dux Steenstrup, 1857 [fide Stephen (1962:154)] | Raabjerg Strand; Northwest coast of Jutland, Denmark [fide Kristensen & Knudsen (1983:223)] | ZMUC Holotype [fide Kristensen & Knudsen (1983:223)] |
| Architeuthis mouchezi Velain, 1875:1002. | Nomen nudum | ||
| Architeuthis nawaji Cadenat, 1935:513. | Undetermined | Ile d'Yeu, Bay of Biscay, France | Unresolved |
| Dubioteuthis physeteris Joubin, 1900:102, pl. 15. | Valid species; Architeuthis physeteris [fide Voss (1956:136)] | Azores (38°34'45"N, 29°37'W); from Sperm Whale stomach | MOM Holotype [station 588] [fide Belloc (1950:6); listed incorrectly as station 558] |
| Architeuthis princeps Verrill, 1875a:22. | Nomen nudum | ||
| Architeuthis princeps Verrill, 1875b:79, figs. 25-27. | Undetermined | a) Grand Banks, Newfoundland; b) North Atlantic (Sperm Whale stomach) | NMNH? [not found in collections to date]; Syntypes (a) Verrill specimen No. 1, lower beak; b) Verrill specimen No. 10, upper and lower beak) |
| Dinoteuthis proboscideus More, 1875:4527. | Architeuthis sp. [fide Pfeffer (1912:2)] | Dingle, Kerry County, Ireland | Unresolved |
| Mouchezis sanctipauli Velain, 1877:81, text-fig. 8. | Valid species; Architeuthis sanctipauli [fide Undetermined] | on beach, St. Paul Island (38°43'S, 77°32'E), South Indian Ocean | MNHN Holotype 3-2-658 and 3-2-659 (tentacular clubs only) [fide Lu et al. (1995:324)] |
| Steenstrupia stockii Kirk, 1882:286, pl. 36 figs. 2-4. | Valid species; Architeuthis stockii [fide Forch (1998:89)][Architeuthid fide Pfeffer (1912:2)] | Cook Strait, New Zealand | NMNZ Holotype M.125405 + M.125403 [fide Marshall (1996:45)] |
| Architeuthis titan Steenstrup in Verrill, 1875b:84. [in Verrill (1881:238, footnote)] | Nomen nudum | ||
| Architeuthis verrilli Kirk, 1882:284, pl. 36 fig. 1. | Species dubium [fide Forch (1998:89)] | Island Bay, Cook Strait, New Zealand | NMNZ Holotype; [see Forch (1998:89)] |
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are used in the table of giant squid specimens and sightings.
Oceanic sectors
- NWA, Northwest Atlantic Ocean
- NEA, Northeast Atlantic Ocean
- SWA, Southwest Atlantic Ocean
- SEA, Southeast Atlantic Ocean
- NWP, Northwest Pacific Ocean
- NEP, Northeast Pacific Ocean
- SWP, Southwest Pacific Ocean
- SEP, Southeast Pacific Ocean
- NIO, Northern Indian Ocean (no reported specimens)
- SIO, Southern Indian Ocean
Measurements
Abbreviations used for measurements and counts are based on standardised acronyms in teuthology, with the exception of several found in older references.
- AC, arm circumference
- AD, arm diameter
- AL, arm length
- ASC, arm sucker count
- ASD, arm sucker diameter
- BC, body circumference (assumed as greatest circumference of mantle when not otherwise specified)
- BD, body diameter (assumed as greatest diameter of mantle)
- BL, body length (usually means same as mantle length, since head length is often given separately)
- CL, club length (usually means expanded portion of tentacle)
- CSC, club sucker count
- CSD, club sucker diameter (usually largest) [usually equals LSD]
- EC, egg count
- ED, egg diameter
- EL, "entire" length (end of tentacle(s), often stretched, to posterior tip of tail; in contrast to WL, measured from end of arms to posterior tip of tail)
- FL, fin length
- FW, fin width
- GL, gladius length
- GW, gladius width
- HC, head circumference
- HL, head length (most often base of arms to edge of mantle)
- HW, head width
- LRL, lower rostral length of beak
- LSD, largest sucker diameter (on the tentacle club) [usually equals CSD]
- ML, mantle length (used only where stated as such)
- TC, tentacle circumference (most often of tentacle stalk)
- TCL, tentacle club length
- TD, tentacle diameter (most often of tentacle stalk)
- TL, tentacle length
- TSD, tentacle sucker diameter (usually largest)
- WL, "whole" length (end of arms, often damaged, to posterior tip of tail; in contrast to EL, measured from end of tentacles to posterior tip of tail)
- WT, weight
Repositories
Institutional acronyms are those defined by Leviton et al. (1985) and Leviton & Gibbs (1988). Where the acronym is unknown, the full repository name is listed.
- AMS, Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- BMNH, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, England (formerly British Museum (Natural History))
- EI, Essex Institute, Salem, Massachusetts, United States
- FOSJ, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
- ICM, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- MCNOPM, Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Puerto Madryn (Museum of Natural Sciences and Oceanography), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
- MHNLR, Museum d'Historie Naturelle, La Rochelle, France
- MHNN, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle (Musee Barla), Nice, France
- MMF, Museu Municipal do Funchal, Funchal, Madeira
- MNHN, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
- MOM, Musee Oceanographique, Monaco
- MUDB, Department of Biology, Memorial University, Newfoundland, Canada
- NIWA, National Institute of Water and Atmosphere, Wellington, New Zealand
- NMI, National Museum of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- NMML, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, Washington, United States
- NMNH, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- NMNZ, National Museum of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand (formerly Colonial Museum; Dominion Museum)
- NMSZ, National Museum of Scotland, Zoology Department, Edinburgh, Scotland (formerly Royal Museum of Scotland; formerly Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh)
- NMSJ, Newfoundland Museum, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
- NMV, Museum of Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (formerly National Museum of Victoria)
- NSMC, Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax, Canada
- PASS, Peabody Academy of Science, Salem, Massachusetts, United States (now in Peabody Museum of Salem?)
- RSMAS, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, Florida, United States
- SAM, South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa
- SAMA, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
- SBMNH, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, United States
- VSM, Det Kgl. Norske Videnskabers Selskab Museet, Trondheim, Norway
- YPM, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- ZMB, Zoologisches Museum, Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat,Berlin, Germany
- ZMMGU, Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- ZMUB, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- ZMUC, Kobenhavns Universitet, Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark
Cited references
The following references are cited in the table of giant squid specimens and sightings.
- Template:Ru icon Akimushkin, I.I. 1954. Cephalopod mollusks in the diet of sperm whales. Doklady Akademii Nauck, SSSR, 96(3):665-667.
- Template:Ru icon Akimushkin, I.I. 1963. Cephalopods of the Seas of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, 235 pages, 60 figures. [English translation from Russian by Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 223 pages (pages cited above in brackets)].
- Aldrich, F.A. 1968. The distribution of giant squids (Cephalopoda, Architeuthidae) in the north Atlantic and particularly about the shores of Newfoundland. Sarsia, 34[Sep.]:393-398.
- Aldrich, F.A. 1992. Some aspects of the systematics and biology of squid of the genus Architeuthis based on a study of specimens from Newfoundland waters. Bulletin of Marine Science, 49(1-2)(1991):457-481.
- Aldrich, F.A. & M.M. Aldrich 1968. On regeneration of the tentacular arm of the giant squid Architeuthis dux Steenstrup (Decapoda, Architeuthidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 46(5):845-847.
- Aldrich, F.A. & E.L. Brown 1967. The giant squid in Newfoundland. Newfoundland Quarterly, 65(3)[Feb.]:4-8.
- Alexeyev, D.O. 1994. New data on the distribution and biology of squids from the southern Pacific. Ruthenica, 4(2):151-166, 12 figures.
- Allan, J.K. 1948. A rare giant squid. Australian Museum Magazine, 9(9)[Dec.]:306-308, 2 figures.
- Anonymous 1978a. Big squid. Brookings Harbour Pilot, 32(22)(June 15, 1978), front page.
- Anonymous 1978b. Big squid is largest on record. Curry Coastal Pilot, July 6, 1978, p. 11.
- Anonymous 1996. Out of its depth. Age, Melbourne Australia, 12 June 1996.
- Anonymous 1999. Giant squid found dead in Bahamian waters. Soundings, University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science, May 15, 1999.
- Antonelis, G.A., M.S. Lowry, C.H. Fiscus, B.S. Stewart & R.L. DeLong 1994. Diet of the northern elephant seal, pages 211-223. In: B.J. LeBoeuf & R.M. Laws (eds.) Elephant Seals: Population Ecology, Behavior, and Physiology. University of California Press.
- Arfelli, C.A., A.F. deAmorim & A.R.G. Tomas 1991. First record of a giant squid Architeuthis sp. Steenstrup, 1857 (Cephalopoda, Architeuthidae) in Brazilian waters. B. Inst. Pesca, 18:83-88.
- Template:Da icon Bardarson, G. 1920. Om den marine molluskfauna ved vestkysten af Island. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab Biologiske Meddelelser, 2(3):1-139.
- Berry, S.S. 1912. Note on the occurrence of a giant squid off the California coast. Nautilus, 25(10):117-118.
- Berry, S.S. 1914. Another giant squid in Monterey Bay. Nautilus, 28(2):22-23.
- Template:Fr icon Belloc, G. 1950. Catalogue des types de Cephalopodes du Musee Oceanographique de Monaco. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique, 970:1-10.
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