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Probiotic Probio DR10

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Bifidobacterium animalis lactis HN019 (DR10™) or known as Probiotic Probio DR10™, is the consumer brand name for a probiotic strain developed by Fonterra Research Development Centre (FRDC), patented and commercialised in the 1990s following the screening of over 2,000 strains.[1] It is also known under the name of the ingredient trade mark HN019*.

The strain involved is a lactic acid bacterium of Bifidobacterium lactis, originally isolated from yoghurt.[2] The publication of  complete genomic sequence in 2018 has enabled the implementation of strict measures to ensure the control of product quality, safety and purity of the B. lactis HN019 strain.[2][3]

The strain is available in a range of finished formats, providing it with great potential to be applied across the food and beverage, dietary supplement, and pharmaceutical industries.[3]Bifidobacterium lactis is found in Anmum Materna and Anmum Essential Gold in the Malaysian market.

Benefits of Probio DR10™

Studies on the strain indicate positive effects on various aspects of the digestive system.[3] These include:

Immune system support

Probio DR10™ demonstrated extensive immune-stimulating effects in animal models as well as healthy adult and elderly clinical studies. In a randomised controlled trial (RCT) conducted with children aged 1 to 3 years, it was found that the incidence of high fever and severe acute lower respiratory infections was reduced by 5% and 35% respectively, in children who received the strain along with a prebiotic, in comparison to those who were administered a placebo.[4]

A separate RCT also showed that the supplementation of the strain in children aged 2 to 5 years reduced the incidence of diarrhoea and fever by 16.1% and 12.7% respectively during the rainy season.[5]

Modulation of intestinal microbiota

Probio DR10™ may increase the population of beneficial gut microflora of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.[6][7][3]

The strain has also been shown to help maintain a healthy/normal gut microbiota against the ageing process by competing with and excluding harmful pathogens, operating at both taxonomical and functional levels.[3]

Maintenance of intestinal barrier functions

Probio DR10™ helps maintain the integrity of the gut epithelium, which is a layer of cells lining the inner surface of the intestine.[3] It also helps regulate the host immune defence against pathogens.[3]

A 2010 study also found that combining the strain with an oligosaccharide prebiotics results in a decrease in the incidence of dysentery.[4]

Regulation of gut motility and improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms

Probio DR10™ has demonstrated a positive effect on individuals suffering from constipation.[3] A New Zealand study involving 100 adults with functional gastrointestinal symptoms showed that the supplementation of the strain for 2 weeks alleviated constipation by reducing the gut transit time.[8]

Reductions in the frequency of other functional gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting, regurgitation, abdominal pain, nausea, gurgling, irregular bowel movements, diarrhoea and flatulence were also observed in the same study.[8]

Probio DR10™ may potentially divert colon fermentation towards the production of non-gaseous end products.[3] This characteristic of the strain may support tolerance for the fermentation of oligosaccharides within the body, which aligns with clinical findings that it reduces the occurrence of flatulence.[3]

Support for digestion

The fermentation of Probio DR10™ produces lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, indicating their potential involvement in the digestion of dietary elements, without distinguishing between their source, whether it be carbohydrates or proteins.[3]

Not all probiotics are the same

Studies have shown that not all probiotics are equally effective.[9] The efficacy of probiotics is strain-specific.[9] Therefore, the recommendations of probiotics should tie specific strains to the health benefits as shown in the human studies.[citation needed]

Mechanism of action

Probio DR10™ demonstrates an excellent ability to adhere to epithelial cells, a strong capacity to endure and survive in a low pH environment, resistance to bile salts as well as the ability to modulate the immune response.[2]

Studies indicate that this strain acts on intercellular junctions, especially tight junctions.[2] Tight junctions are situated in the most apical part of the cell and consist of two key proteins, claudin and occludin.[2] These proteins play a crucial role in establishing the epithelial barrier, which acts as a safeguard against the entry of macromolecules, including lipids and proteins.[2]

These junctions are vital for controlling the permeability of the epithelium.[2] Any changes in their function can lead to increased inflammation, and subsequently, the development of diseases.[2][10]

Safety

The presence of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis in human food has been documented since 1980, but it was likely part of human diets before that.[3]

The China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA) has also approved the use of B. lactis in food for the general and paediatric population.[11]

A 2018 study found that the strain is well-tolerated in adults and did not induce changes in physical activity, food intake, or body weight.[12] It also has an established safety data in pregnant and lactating women as shown in studies.[13][14]

References

  1. ^ Gopal, Pramod; Dekker, James; Prasad, Jaya; Pillidge, Christopher; Delabre, Marie-Laure; Collett, Michael (2005). "Development and commercialisation of Fonterra's probiotic strains". Australian Journal of Dairy Technology. 60 (2): 173–182. INIST 17047956 ProQuest 199361400.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Araujo, Lisa Danielly Curcino; Furlaneto, Flávia Aparecida Chaves; da Silva, Léa Assed Bezerra; Kapila, Yvonne L. (19 August 2022). "Use of the Probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in Oral Diseases". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23 (16): 9334. doi:10.3390/ijms23169334. PMC 9409207. PMID 36012597.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Cheng, Jing; Laitila, Arja; Ouwehand, Arthur C. (14 December 2021). "Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 Effects on Gut Health: A Review". Frontiers in Nutrition. 8. doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.790561. PMC 8712437. PMID 34970580.
  4. ^ a b Sazawal, Sunil; Dhingra, Usha; Hiremath, Girish; Sarkar, Archana; Dhingra, Pratibha; Dutta, Arup; Verma, Priti; Menon, Venugopal P.; Black, Robert E. (13 August 2010). "Prebiotic and Probiotic Fortified Milk in Prevention of Morbidities among Children: Community-Based, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial". PLOS ONE. 5 (8): e12164. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...512164S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012164. PMC 2921405. PMID 20730056.
  5. ^ Hemalatha, R. (10 January 2014). "A Community-based Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial of Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium lactis on Reducing Risk for Diarrhea and Fever in Preschool Children in an Urban Slum in India". European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety. 4 (4): 325–341. doi:10.9734/EJNFS/2014/8280.
  6. ^ Gopal, Pramod K; Prasad, Jaya; Gill, Harsharnjit S (October 2003). "Effects of the consumption of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 (DR10TM) and galacto-oligosaccharides on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract in human subjects". Nutrition Research. 23 (10): 1313–1328. doi:10.1016/S0271-5317(03)00134-9.
  7. ^ Ahmed, M.; Prasad, J.; Gill, H.; Stevenson, L.; Gopal, P. (2007). "Impact of consumption of different levels of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on the intestinal microflora of elderly human subjects". The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. 11 (1): 26–31. PMID 17315077. INIST 18554996 ProQuest 222242470.
  8. ^ a b Waller, Philip A; Gopal, Pramod K.; Leyer, Gregory J; Ouwehand, Arthur C.; Reifer, Cheryl; Stewart, Morgan E.; Miller, Larry E. (September 2011). "Dose-response effect of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on whole gut transit time and functional gastrointestinal symptoms in adults". Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. 46 (9): 1057–1064. doi:10.3109/00365521.2011.584895. PMC 3171707. PMID 21663486.
  9. ^ a b McFarland, Lynne V.; Evans, Charlesnika T.; Goldstein, Ellie J. C. (7 May 2018). "Strain-Specificity and Disease-Specificity of Probiotic Efficacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Frontiers in Medicine. 5: 124. doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00124. PMC 5949321. PMID 29868585.
  10. ^ Turck, Dominique; Castenmiller, Jacqueline; De Henauw, Stefaan; Hirsch-Ernst, Karen Ildico; Kearney, John; Knutsen, Helle Katrine; Maciuk, Alexandre; Mangelsdorf, Inge; McArdle, Harry J; Naska, Androniki; Pelaez, Carmen; Pentieva, Kristina; Thies, Frank; Tsabouri, Sophia; Vinceti, Marco; s Bresson, Jean-Loui; Siani, Alfonso (July 2020). "Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 contributes to increasing lactose digestion: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006". EFSA Journal. 18 (7): e06198. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6198. PMC 7388145. PMID 32742434.
  11. ^ "China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment" (PDF).
  12. ^ Ibarra, Alvin; Latreille-Barbier, Mathilde; Donazzolo, Yves; Pelletier, Xavier; Ouwehand, Arthur C. (4 May 2018). "Effects of 28-day Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 supplementation on colonic transit time and gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with functional constipation: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, and dose-ranging trial". Gut Microbes. 9 (3): 236–251. doi:10.1080/19490976.2017.1412908. PMC 6219592. PMID 29227175.
  13. ^ Noroyono Wibowo; Saptawati Bardosono; Rima Irwinda (31 December 2016). "Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis lactis HN019 (DR10^(TM)), inulin, and micronutrient fortified milk on faecal DR10^(TM), immune markers, and maternal micronutrients among Indonesian pregnant women". Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 25 (S1): S102 – S110. doi:10.6133/apjcn.122016.s2. PMID 28027638.
  14. ^ Prescott, S. L.; Wickens, K.; Westcott, L.; Jung, W.; Currie, H.; Black, P. N.; Stanley, T. V.; Mitchell, E. A.; Fitzharris, P.; Siebers, R.; Wu, L.; Crane, J. (October 2008). "Supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus or Bifidobacterium lactis probiotics in pregnancy increases cord blood interferon-γ and breast milk transforming growth factor-β and immunoglobin A detection". Clinical & Experimental Allergy. 38 (10): 1606–1614. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03061.x. PMID 18631345. S2CID 9492069.
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