Abraham Mapu
Abraham Mapu Mapu (Vilijampolė (distretto di Kaunas), 1808 – Königsberg, 1867) è stato un romanziere lituano.
Scriveva in ebraico come parte del movimento Haskalah (illuminismo). I suoi romanzi, con le loro trame vivaci che comprendono eroismo, avventura e amore romantico in contesti biblici, hanno contribuito all'ascesa del movimento sionista.[1]
Biografia
Born into a ebrea family, as a child Mapu studied in a cheder where his father served as a teacher. He married in 1825.
For many years he was an impoverished, itinerant schoolmaster. Mapu gained financial security when he was appointed teacher in a government school for ebrei children. He worked as a teacher in various towns and cities, joined the Haskalah movement, and studied German, French and Russian. He also studied Latin from a translation of the Bible to that language, given him by his local rabbi.
He returned in 1848 to Kaunas and self-published his first historical novel, Ahavat Zion. This is considered one of the first ebree novels. He began work on it in 1830 but completed it only in 1853. Unable to fully subsist on his book sales, he relied on the support of his brother, Matisyahu. In 1867 he moved to Königsberg due to illness, published his last book, Amon Pedagogue (Amon means something like Mentore), and died there.
Valutazione critica
Mapu is considered the first Hebrew novelist. Influenced by French Romanticism, he wrote intricately plotted stories about life in ancient Israel, which he contrasted favorably with 19th-century Jewish life. His style is fresh and poetic, almost Biblical in its simple grandeur.
Eredità
The romantic-nationalistic ideas in his novels later inspired David Ben-Gurion and others active in the leadership of the modern movimento sionista that led to the establishment of the state of Israele. The American Hebrew poet, Gabriel Preil, references Mapu in one of his works, and focuses on the two writers' native Lithuania.
Romanzi
- Ahavat Zion (1853) (Amnon, Prince and Peasant come tradotto da F. Jaffe nel 1887)
- Ayit Tzavua (1858) (Hypocrite Eagle)
- Ashmat Shomron (1865) (Guilt of Samaria)
Commemorazioni
Streets bearing his name are found in the Kaunas Città Vecchia and in the Israele cities of Gerusalemme, Tel Aviv, and Kiryat Ata. A well-known Israeli novel called "The Children from Mapu Street" ("הילדים מרחוב מאפו") also celebrates his name. In Kaunas A. Mapu street a joyful statue of A. Mapu with a book in his hand was established by the sculpture Martynas Gaubas in 2019.
Note
- ^ Patterson, David, Mapu, Abraham, in Encyclopaedia Judaica, vol. 13, 2007, pp. 505–507; here p. 506. URL consultato il 15 agosto 2013.
Altri progetti
Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Abraham Mapu
Collegamenti esterni
- Mapu, Abrāhām, su Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.
- Mapu, Abrāhām, su sapere.it, De Agostini.
- (EN) Abraham Mapu, su Enciclopedia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
- (EN) Abraham Mapu, in Jewish Encyclopedia, Funk and Wagnalls.
- Opere di Abraham Mapu, su MLOL, Horizons Unlimited.
- (EN) Opere di Abraham Mapu, su Open Library, Internet Archive.
- (EN) Audiolibri di Abraham Mapu, su LibriVox.
- (EN) Israel Abrahams, Mapu, Abraham, in Hugh Chisholm (a cura di), Enciclopedia Britannica, XI, Cambridge University Press, 1911.
- Mapu's works (Hebrew) at Project Ben-Yehuda
- Abraham Mapu (English) at the Institute for the Translation of Hebrew Literature
- Template:Internet Archive author
- Works by Abraham Mapu, su LibriVox (public ___domain audiobooks).
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