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Ayatollah Sayyid Husayn Borujerdi (آیتالله سیدحسين بورجردی in Persian, 1914 -2003) was a Grand Shiite ayatollah. His given name is of that of Husayn bin Ali, the fourth caliph and son-in-law of the prophet Muhammad. Sayyid is an honorific denoting his descent from the prophet.
Education & Academic Specialties
Burojerdi was born in Borujerd in Lorestan, Iran, hence the surname.
In his youth, Burorjerdi studied under a number of Shiite masters of Islamic jurisprudence such as Akhund Khurasani and Aqa Zia Iraqi, and specialized in fiqh. He studied the fiqahat of all the Islamic schools of thought, not just his own, along with the science of rijal Though he is known for citing Masoomeen to support many of his deductions, Burojerdi is known for elucidating many aspects himself and is an influential fiqh jurist in his own right. He has had a strong influence on Islamic scholars like Morteza Motahhari and Ayatullah Shaikh Husain Muntadhar.
Tenure as Ayatollah and Marja
Burojirdi revived the hawzah of Qum in 1945 (1364 AH), which had waned aftered the death in 1935 of its founder, Shaykh Abdul Karim Ha'iri. When Sayyid Abul Hassan Isfahani died the following year, the majority of Shi'a accepted Ayatullah Burojerdi as Marja'-e-Taqlid.
Efforts Toward Islamic Unity
Borujerdi was the first Marja' to look beyond Iraq and Iran. He sent Sayyid Muhaqqiqi to Hamburg, Germany, Aqa-e-Shari'at to Karachi, Pakistan, Al-Faqihi to Madinah and Sayyid Musa Sadr to Lebanon.
he established cordial relations with Shaykh Mahmud Shaltut, the grand Shaykh of Al-Azhar. Together, the two scholars established the "House for Bringing Muslim Sects Nearer" in Cairo. Shaltut issued his famous fatwa accepting the Shi'a faith as one of the recognised sects of Islam, while Burojirdi opposed those who attacked the Khulafa' in their speeches and writings.
Political Leanings
Ayatollah Burojirdi passively opposed the Pahlavi regime's agrarian reforms, which he called "agrarian destruction," as in his view, the confiscations of the Pahlavi shahs disrupted the fabric of rural life and eroded religious institutions.