Proper transfer function

Proper in control theory

Proper denotes a transfer function where the degree of the numerator does not exceed the degree of the denominator.

Example

The following transfer function is proper

${\displaystyle {\textbf {G}}(s)={\frac {{\textbf {N}}(s)}{{\textbf {D}}(s)}}={\frac {s^{4}+n_{1}s^{3}+n_{2}s^{2}+n_{3}s+n_{4}}{s^{4}+d_{1}s^{3}+d_{2}s^{2}+d_{3}s+d_{4}}}}$ 

because

${\displaystyle deg({\textbf {N}}(s))=4\leq deg({\textbf {D}}(s))=4}$ .

The following transfer function however, is not proper

${\displaystyle {\textbf {G}}(s)={\frac {{\textbf {N}}(s)}{{\textbf {D}}(s)}}={\frac {s^{4}+n_{1}s^{3}+n_{2}s^{2}+n_{3}s+n_{4}}{d_{1}s^{3}+d_{2}s^{2}+d_{3}s+d_{4}}}}$ 

because

${\displaystyle deg({\textbf {N}}(s))=4\nleq deg({\textbf {D}}(s))=3}$ .

Implications

A proper transfer function will never grow unbounded as the frequency approaces infinity.

${\displaystyle |{\textbf {G}}(\infty )|<\infty }$ 

Related

Strictly proper.