Modulo:Citazione/Aiuto
Questa pagina descrive i messaggi di errore generati dal modulo Lua che gestisce la visualizzazione dei template di citazione {{Cita libro}}, {{Cita news}}, {{Cita web}}, {{Cita conferenza}} e {{Cita pubblicazione}}
Questa pagina descrive i messaggi di errore generati, cosa possono significare e come possono essere risolti.
Controllare la visualizzazione dei messaggi di errore
Non tutti gli errori vengono visualizzati. Un utente che voglia visualizzare tutti i messaggi di errore del modulo di citazione può farlo aggiornando il suo foglio di stile personale, common o skin per includere l'istruzione:
.citation-comment {display: inline !important;} /* show all Citation Style 1 error messages */||lang=css
Anche con questo css installato le pagine più vecchie della cache potrebbero non essere state aggiornate per mostrare questi messaggi di errore anche se la pagina compare in una delle categorie di errore. Un WP:NULLEDIT risolverà il problema.
Un utente che non desiderasse vedere nessuno di questi messaggi può farlo aggiornando il suo foglio di stile personale common o skin includendo l'istruzione:
.citation-comment {display: none;} /* hide all Citation Style 1 error messages */ |lang=css
|accesso= richiede |url=
|accesso= richiede |url=
Il parametro accesso viene usato per identificare la data in cui una risorsa web è stata indirizzata da url è stata consultata. Quando la risorsa web ha una data di pubblicazione o un'altra data fissata associata ad essa, accesso è di utilità limitata sebbene possa essere utile per identificare un'appropriata versione d'archivio della risorsa. Se il parametro url è mancante accesso è inutile. Quando url viene omesso o lasciato vuoto il valore di accesso non viene visualizzato.
Per risolvere questo problema fornite un valore per url o rimuovete accesso. Si dovrebbe determinare perchè la citazione ha accesso senza url. Per esempio la citazione potrebbe non avere mai avuto un url, o questo è stato rimosso perchè puntava a un sito che violava il copyright dell'auotore (vedi Collegamenti con contenuti coperti da diritti d'autore), o perchè url sembrava morto e rimosso per errore. Se la citazione non ha mai auto un parametro url o è stato rimosso per violazione di copyright rimuovete il parametro accesso. Quando un url è stato rimosso ripristinatelo e se possibile riparatelo (per esempio cercando se il sito è archiviato).
Pagine con questo errore sono piazzate automaticamente nella categoria Categoria:Errori del modulo citazione - pagine con data di accesso senza URL[1]
|urlarchivio= richiede |dataarchivio=
|urlarchivio= richiede |dataarchivio=
dataarchivio identifica la data in cui una risorsa web è stata archiviata.
Per risolvere questo errore fornite un valore per il parametro dataarchivio. Per risorse web archiviate a archive.org,[2] la data di archivio è mostrata direttamente nell'urlarchivio; per risorse web archiviate a webcitation.org,[3] la data in cui è la pagina è stata archiviata è inclusa nell'header dell'archivio.
Pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Errori del modulo citazione - pagine con errori in urlarchivio.[1]
|urlarchivio= richiede |url=
|urlarchivio= richiede |url=
Una citazione propriamente formattata che include urlarchivio e dataarchivio richiede url. Quando la citazione include deadurl|no, l'ordine degli elementi nella citazione visualizzata viene cambiata per mettere per primo l'url originale.
Per risolvere questo errore fornite un valore per il parametro value for url. Per risorse web archiviate a archive.org,[2] l'url originale compare nel parametro urlarchivio; per risorse archiviate a webcitation.org,[3] l'url originale è incluso nell'header dell'archivio.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Errori del modulo citazione - pagine con errori in urlarchivio.[1]
Check |doi= value
Check |doi= value
When CS1 citations contain doi, a test is done to see if the prefix portion of the DOI value contains the proper "10." registry identifier. Further validation of the DOI is not performed.
To resolve this error, ensure that the doi value is correct.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with DOI errors.[1]
Check |isbn= value
Check |isbn= value
Template:Cs1 templates that contain isbn are checked to ensure that the ISBN is the proper length (ten or thirteen digits) and validate the final check digit according to the ISBN specification. Only one ISBN is allowed in this field because the whole isbn value is included in the citation's COinS metadata. See also Wikipedia:COinS. More than one ISBN, or characters that are not part of the ISBN, corrupt the COinS metadata and will also corrupt the link to Special:BookSources.
To resolve this error, ensure that the isbn value is correct, that only one ISBN is used, and that no other text is included. Use the 13-digit ISBN when it is available.
In very rare cases, publishers have released books with malformed ISBNs. If you are certain that a non-conforming ISBN truly corresponds to the published work, then you can add ignore-isbn-error|true to the citation in order to suppress the error message. In many cases books may have been reissued with a corrected ISBN. Use a corrected ISBN when possible.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with ISBN errors.[1]
Check |ol= value
Check |ol= value
The ol parameter is the Open Library identifier. It is checked to ensure that the last character is either A (authors), M (books), or W (works). Further validation is not performed.
To resolve this error, ensure that the ol value is correct.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with OL errors.[1]
Check |url= scheme
Check |url= scheme
External links in CS1 citations are made from two parts: the title (title, chapter, etc.) and the URL (url, chapter-url, laysummary, etc.). The url portion must begin with a supported URI scheme. The URI schemes http://, https:// and the protocol relative scheme // are most commonly used; irc://, ircs://, ftp://, news:, mailto: and gopher:// are also supported.
The URL field is checked to ensure it includes either a colon (:) or the double forward slash (//). Further validation is not performed.
To resolve this error, ensure that the url value is correct.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with URL errors.[1]
|displayauthors= suggested
|displayauthors= suggested
Prior to the introduction of Lua-based citations, the citation formatting templates were designed to support no more than nine authors. If nine (or more) author parameters were specified, then the template would display eight author names followed by "et al." to indicate that the list had been truncated. Some editors relied on this behavior to include the "et al." label. For example:
The Lua-based citation templates can accommodate an arbitrarily large number of authors. As with the old templates, the Lua-based templates can explicitly include an "et al." label with the display-authors parameter.
The old-style templates supported at most nine authors. The new Lua-based templates cannot know if editors created citations with exactly nine authors because there were only nine authors or, because old-style citations were limited to nine authors. This error message is reported by citations with exactly nine authors but without displayauthors. To preserve the behavior of old-style citations, Lua-based citations display "et al." in place of the ninth author.
To resolve this error, add the remaining authors to the citation or set displayauthors to 8 or some lesser value to truncate the author list. If there are exactly nine authors, then set displayauthors to 9 or higher to display all nine authors without "et al."
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages using citations with old-style implicit et al.[1]
|displayeditors= suggested
|displayeditors= suggested
Prior to the introduction of Lua-based citations, the citation formatting templates were designed to support no more than four editors. Specifically, if four (or more) editor parameters were specified, then the template would display three editor names followed by "et al." to indicate that the list had been truncated. Some editors relied on this behavior to include the "et al." label. For example:
The Lua-based citation templates can accommodate an arbitrarily large number of editors. The Lua-based templates can also explicitly include an "et al." label with the new displayeditors parameter, a parameter that was not available to the old-style templates.
The old-style templates supported at most four editors. The new Lua-based templates cannot know if Wikipedia editors created citations with exactly four editors because there were only four editors or, because old-style citations were limited to four editors. This error message is reported by citations with exactly four editors but without displayeditors. To preserve the behavior of old-style citations, Lua-based citations display "et al." in place of the fourth editor.
To resolve this error, add the remaining editors to the citation or set displayeditors to 3 or some lesser value to truncate the editor list. If there are exactly four editors, then set displayeditors to 4 or higher to display all four editors without including "et al."
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages using citations with old-style implicit et al.[1]
Empty citation
Empty citation
"Empty" may mean that the CS1 citation contains no recognizable parameter identifiers. For example this citation isn't "empty" because it contains usable information:
{{cite web | http://www.foobar.com | The Foobar Bar}}
The citation is "empty" because it doesn't contain the necessary parameter identifiers (in this case url and title) that tell {{cite web}} how to use the information that the citation does contain.
"Empty" may also mean that an editor meant to use another template entirely. Perhaps the editor used {{citation}} when the intent was to use {{citation needed}} or {{quote}}.
To resolve this error, add appropriate parameter identifiers or replace the CS1 citation with a more appropriate template.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with empty citations.[1]
Extra |pages or |at
Extra |pages or |at
This error occurs when CS1 citations attempt to simultaneously use more than one of the parameters: page, pages, or at. Each of these parameters is meant to provide a different way of specifying the ___location of the cited content within a larger work, and only one of these parameters is displayed in any rendered citation. According to their intended purpose, page should be used to specify a single page that is relevant to the cited content, pages should be used to specify a range or list of pages (e.g. 37–42) that are relevant, and at should be used to indicate a ___location in the larger work that is not a numbered page (e.g. "back cover"). Sometimes, editors misunderstand the meaning of pages, and attempt to use it to indicate the total number of pages in the resource.
When page is used with either or both of pages or at, only the page value is displayed. Similarly, when pages is used with at, only the pages value is displayed.
To resolve this error, remove the inappropriate parameter.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations using conflicting page specifications.[1]
|format= requires |url=
|format= richiede |url=
This error occurs when CS1 citations use format without also providing a URL for url. The format parameter is used to specify the file format of a web resource (e.g. PDF, DOC, XLS, etc.). In some cases an editor may have intended to use type to specify a kind of document (e.g. hard cover, paperback, pamphlet, etc.) The format value is always displayed.
To resolve this error, remove format or define url or change format to type.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages using citations with format and no URL.[1]
Missing or empty |title=
There are two slightly different error conditions that can arise when CS1 citations lack appropriate titles. In each case, CS1 reports this error message. The necessary resolution may vary depending on the cause of the error. The error message links to the appropriate description below.
Bare URL without a title
Missing or empty |title=
All Lua-based CS1 citations report this error when one of the URL-containing parameters cannot be paired with an associated title. This error may also occur when title cannot be linked with url because the citation also contains a conflicting titlelink parameter.
| URL parameters | Title parameters |
|---|---|
chapterurl
|
chapter, contribution, entry, article
|
conferenceurl
|
conference
|
contributionurl
|
chapter, contribution, entry, article
|
transcripturl
|
transcript
|
Because URLs are ugly and generally uninformative, it is expected that editors should provide a meaningful title for each URL. In most cases this can be accomplished by using the title parameter.
To resolve this error, provide an appropriate title for the URL-containing parameter. In the case where url and titlelink are contending for title you must choose which one to keep. Consider moving url or titlelink to a more suitable parameter.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations having bare URLs.[1]
Citation without a title of any form
Missing or empty |title=
This error occurs for CS1 citations when all of the associated title parameters are omitted or left blank. Depending on the type of citation ({{cite web}}, {{cite book}}, {{cite journal}}, etc.), the possible title parameters may include title, chapter, article, journal, booktitle, and so forth. At least one such title parameter must be provided for each citation.
Sometimes this error occurs because an editor has used a CS1 citation as a shortened footnote when {{sfn}} or one of the {{harv}} family of templates would have been more appropriate. This error also occurs when an editor used {{citation}} but intended to use {{citation needed}}.
To resolve this error, provide a value for title or replace the CS1 citation with a more appropriate template.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations lacking titles.[1]
Missing or empty |url=
Missing or empty |url=
This is error message is reported only by {{cite web}} CS1 citations where url is blank or omitted. The url parameter is required so that title can link to the web resource.
To resolve this error, provide a value for url or use a more appropriate CS1 citation.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages using web citations with no URL.[1]
More than one of |param1=, |param2=, and |param3= specified
More than one of |param1=, |param2=, and |param3= specified
This error occurs when a CS1 citation includes more than one parameter that maps to the same meaning. For example, author, last, and last1 are all synonyms of each other, so no more than one of these parameters should ever be used in a single citation.
To resolve this error, remove or modify the redundant parameter(s).
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations having redundant parameters.[1]
Text "????" ignored
Text "????" ignored
Unlike many Wikipedia templates, the CS1 citations do not use unnamed or positional parameters. When a citation contains text between vertical bars and that text does not contain an equal sign (=), CS1 ignores the text and reports the error. This is true even when the text is the name of a valid parameter.
This error can also be caused by vertical bars that are part of URLs or titles. When vertical bars occur in URLs, replace each vertical bar with %7c. When vertical bars occur in parameter values that are not URLs, replace each vertical bar with |.
To resolve this error, remove the extraneous text, add '=', add an appropriate parameter name to complete the parameter, or properly encode vertical bars in URLs and titles.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations using unnamed parameters.[1]
|trans-chapter= requires |chapter=
|trans-chapter= richiede |chapter=
This error occurs when a CS1 citation has an English translation of a chapter title in trans-chapter but does not have the original-language chapter title in chapter.
To resolve this error, provide a value for chapter. Consider adding language if not already part of the citation.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations using translated terms without the original.[1]
|trans-title= requires |title=
|trans-title= richiede |title=
CS1 citations report this error when the citation has an English translation of the title in trans-title but does not have the original-language title in title.
To resolve this error, provide the original language title for title. Consider adding language if not already part of the citation.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations using translated terms without the original.[1]
Unknown parameter |????= ignored
Unknown parameter ????= ignored
CS1 citations report this error when the name portion of a parameter's name|value pair is not recognized as a valid name. Typically, this is caused by spelling errors.
With the old-style citation templates, it was possible to include information within the template that was simply ignored as unrecognized parameters. The Lua-based CS1 engine does not ignore unrecognized parameters. The purpose of the citation is to properly identify the source; not act as a repository of notes and ancillary information.
To resolve this error, ensure that the parameter's name is correctly spelled and that there are no characters except spaces between the parameter's name and the leading vertical bar (|) or trailing equal sign (=). A list of valid parameters can be found by consulting Help:Citation Style 1 or visiting the description page of the specific template being used, such as {{cite web}}, {{cite book}}, {{cite journal}}, etc. Consider moving information associated with the unknown parameter into an appropriate parameter or to a section of the article's talk page for preservation.
For frequently encountered spelling errors, consider adding the misspelled parameter name to the list of common parameter misspellings.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations using unsupported parameters.[1]
Unknown parameter |xxxx= ignored (|yyyy= suggested)
Unknown parameter |xxxx= ignored (|yyyy= suggested)
CS1 citations report this error when the name portion of a parameter's name|value-pair is not recognized as a valid name. With very few exceptions CS1 citation parameters are lower case. CS1 will report this error when the parameter's name contains uppercase letters (Template:!xt) but the parameter's name is defined as lowercase (Template:Xt). Some parameters, like isbn can be either lowercase or uppercase, but not of mixed case (Template:Xt or Template:Xt but not Template:!xt). CS1 will also report this error when the parameter's name matches a name in the list of common parameter misspellings (found acessdate but expected accessdate).
CS1 will offer a suggested parameter name from the list of valid parameters or from the list of common parameter misspellings.
To resolve this error, replace the erroneous parameter name with a correct one, possibly using the suggested name.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations using unsupported parameters.[1]
Wikilink embedded in URL title
Wikilink embedded in URL title
External links in a rendered citation are a combination of url-holding parameters, url, chapterurl, etc., with title-holding parameters, title, chapter, etc. Title-holding parameters may be wikilinked to another Wikipedia article but not when there is a matching url-holding parameter in the citation. When this condition occurs, the wikilink is suppressed, the wiki markup ignored, and the rendered citation links to the external site.
Some templates will also cause this error if they are part of a title-holding parameter. The error occurs when the template produces wikilinked content. For example, {{lang}} templates output a wikilinked category. Templates in url-holding parameters may also corrupt the citation's COinS metadata. As a general rule, avoid using templates in title-holding parameters unless you know that the template's affects are entirely visual ({{!}} and the like).
This type of error may also occur in identifier-based templates ({{cite doi}}, etc.). When this happens, the error message is shown in the article but the error is actually located in the identifier-based citation template.
To resolve this error, remove wikilinks from title-holding parameters that are intended to be externally linked or remove the external URL, which will allow the internal wikilinks to work as expected. If wikilink-producing templates are important to the citation, move them out of the CS1 template but leave them inside the citation's <ref>…</ref> tags. Some of the functionality provided by templates may also be available through CS1 parameters.
To resolve errors in identifier-based citation templates, the template must be edited to correct the error. Exercise caution when editing these templates because identifier-based citation templates are often used in multiple articles.
Le pagine con questo errore sono automaticamente inserite nella categoria Category:Pages with citations having wikilinks embedded in URL titles.[1]
Note
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Se la citazione è inserita in una pagina dei namespace utente, Discussioni Utente e Discussioni un errore non causa l'inclusione nelle categorie che tracciano gli errori.
- ^ a b archive.org website, su archive.org.
- ^ a b webcitation.org website, su webcitation.org.