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Numerical modeling in echocardiography

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Numerical manipulation of Doppler parameters obtain during routine Echocardiography has been extensively utilized to non-invasively estimate intra-cardiac pressures, in many cases removing the need for invasive cardiac catheterization.[1]

Echocardiography uses ultrasound to create real-time anatomic images of the heart and its structures. Doppler echocardiography utilizes the Doppler principle to estimate intracardiac velocities. Via the modified Bernoulli equation, velocity is routinely converted to pressure gradient for use in clinical cardiology decision making.[2]

A broad discipline of mathematical modeling of intracardiac velocity parameters for pulmonary circulation and aortic Doppler for aortic stenosis have been investigated. Diasatolic dysfunction algorithms use complex combinations of these numeric models to estimate intra-cardiac filling pressures.[3][4][5] Shunt defects have been studied using the Relative Atrial Index.[6]

References

  1. ^ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3366997
  2. ^ http://www.wikiecho.org/wiki/Aortic_stenosis
  3. ^ Non-Invasive Assessment of the Ventricular Relaxation Time Constant (τ) in Humans by Doppler Echocardiography. Gregory M. Scalia, Neil L. Greenberg, Patrick M. McCarthy, James D. Thomas, Pieter M. Vandervoort. Circulation 1997;95:151-5
  4. ^ Color M-mode and Doppler-derived tau (τ) as practical advances in clinical diastology - the TauCoMM project. G.M. Scalia and D.J. Burstow. Heart, Lung and Circulation 1999 Vol. 9, Issue 3, Page A13.
  5. ^ Sorajja P, Nishimura RA. Measurement of pulmonary pressures and pulmonary resistance: is Doppler ready for prime time? Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2013 Oct;26(10):1178-9. PubMed PMID 24054048.
  6. ^ The Relative Atrial Index (RAI) – A Novel, Simple, Reliable and Robust Transthoracic Echocardiographic Indicatory of Atrial Defects". Natalie F Kelly, Darren Walters, Lisa Hourigan, Darryl J Burstow, Gregory M Scalia. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010;23:275-81.

See also


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