Logical Framework Approach

The Logical Framework Approach (LFA) is a management tool mainly used in the design, monitoring and evaluation of development projects. The LFA method was developed by USAID in 1969. It is widely used by bilateral and multilateral donor organizations like GTZ, SIDA, NORAD, DFID, UNDP and EC. It has also been widely adopted by NGOs, though not without reservations and concerns by some.

The Logical Framework takes the form of a four x four project matrix. The four rows describe the project Activities, Outputs, Purpose and Goal (from bottom to top on the right hand site). The four columns provide a Narrative description of each of these events, Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVIs - second column)of these events taking place, Means of Verification (MoV - third column)where information will be available on the OVIs and then Assumptions (fourth column). External factors are called Assumptions, but only those factors that potentially impact on the success of the project should be identified, but those assumptions can not be directly controlled by the project or program managers.

The core of the Logical Framework is the "temporal logic model" that runs through the matrix. This takes the form of a series of connected propositions:

• If these Activities are implemented, and these Assumptions hold, then these Outputs will be delivered
• If these Outputs are delivered, and these Assumptions hold, then these Purposes will be achieved.
• If these Purpose are achieved, and these Assumptions hold, then these Goals will be achieved.

Handbooks

The Logical Framework Approach, Handbook for objectives-oriented planning, Fourth edition, NORAD, 1999, ISBN 82-7548-160-0.

External links

• Working with the Logical Framework Explanations of how the Logical Framework works,Wider discussions of Logic Models, Critiques of the Logical Framework, Alternative versions of the Logical Framework.
• Centre for Informatic Apprenticeship and Resources in Social Inclusion Short description.
• AusAid AusAid guideline for LFA [PDF file]
• [1] Aid Delivery Methods Volume 1 Project Cycle Management Guidelines, March 2004