Help:IPA/Lithuanian

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Lithuanian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Lithuanian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Lithuanian.

IPA Examples IPA Examples[1] English approximation Consonants b butas bʲ labiau boot; beautiful d du dʲ didelis do; adieu d͡z dzūkas d͡zʲ dziedas adze d͡ʒ džar d͡ʒʲ džiaugsmas jeans f[2] fabrikas fʲ[2] fizika fool; few ɡ galva ɡʲ gerai goo; argue ɣ[2] halas ɣʲ[2] himnas between go and ahead j jauna, ji yes, boy k kas kʲ kiek cool; cute ɫ labas lʲ lietus pill; least m mama mʲ miltai moot; mute n namas nʲ niekas noon; newt (for some dialects) ŋ[3] ranka ŋʲ[3] rengti sing p padas pʲ pienas pool; pew r ratas rʲ rėtis trilled r, like in Spanish s saulė sʲ siena soup; assume (for some dialects) ʃ šaukštas ʃʲ šienas, šis sheet t tai tʲ ten tool; tune (for some dialects) t͡s caras t͡sʲ citrina cats t͡ʃ čaižus t͡ʃʲ čia chip v vanduo vʲ visi vapor; view x[2] choras xʲ[2] chimera loch; huge (for some dialects). z zaunyti zʲ zylė zoo; Zeus (for some dialects) ʒ žodis ʒʲ žilas asia

IPA Examples English approximation Vowels aː ratas, kąsti father ɛː tęsti pat (but longer) æː retas bad ɐ kas, ta putt eː tėtė play ɛ mesti met iː vyras, į need ɪ ji, kitas sit oː voras chore ɔ[2] choras hot (RP) uː rūta, namų moon ʊ kur, du foot Stress and tone ˈ primary stress follows ǐː "circumflex" or rising tone îː "acute" or falling tone

Notes

1. Lithuanian makes contrasts between palatalized and unpalatalized consonants. Palatalized consonants are denoted by [ʲ] and are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate, like the articulation of the y sound in yes.
2. Phonemes /f/, /fʲ/, /ɣ/, /ɣʲ/, /x/, /xʲ/, and /ɔ/ occur only in loanwords.
3. [ŋ] and [ŋʲ] are allophones of /n/ and /nʲ/, respectively, before velar consonants.

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