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Le Miniere di sale di Dürrnberg (Salzbergwerk Dürrnberg), sono delle miniere di sale sotterranee situate nell'altopiano di Dürrnberg sopra Hallein, Austria. Le miniere sono state lavorate per oltre 7 000 anni, sin dai tempi dei Celti. Hanno aiutato la vicina Salisburgo a diventare un potente centro economico. Dopo la prima guerra mondiale le miniere sono state trasformate in un museo, noto per i suoi lunghi scivoli di legno tra i livelli.[1]
Descrizione
Ci sono diverse gallerie denominate nella miniera, tra cui l'Obersteinberg aperta nel 1450, l'Untersteinberg, il Jackobberg, il Rupertsberg, il Wolf Deitrich tunnel ed il tunnel Dr. Nusko. Tutte quante scendono in direzione di Hallein.[1]
Early mining was done by hand and extracted salt rock crystals as a solid. To improve efficiency, fresh water would be pumped into a cavern. After several weeks of absorbing salt from the walls, the water was pumped out to a processing plant in Hallein.[1][2]
In 1829, the Bavarian–Austrian Salt Treaty was created, as the mine actually crosses under the border into Bavaria. The treaty stipulates that up to ninety Bavarian farmers are allowed to work in the mine.[1]
Scientific research
There has been scientific research which used ancient human feces found in the older tunnels to determine how resources were shared between cultures.[3]
Visiting
There is a 90-minute guided tour which covers 1 kilometer.[4] Visitors put on white coveralls to protect their clothes inside the mine. There is a 400 metri (1 300 ft) electric train ride into the mine which leads to two sets of 42 metri (138 ft) wooden slides.[5] Visitors straddle two wooden rails and slide quickly down to the lower level of the mine. There is a boat trip across an underground lake before exiting the mine.
In 1969, there were 150,000 visitors to the mine. At that time, the tour covered 2,5 miglia (4,0 km) and went down seven wooden slides.[1]
Voci correlate
Note
- ^ a b c d e (EN) Robert Sarian, It's Back to the Salt Mines, But Not for Work, in New York Times, 29 marzo 1970. URL consultato il 2016.
- ^ Side Trips: Salzburg, in New York Times, 20 novembre 2006. URL consultato il 1º maggio 2009.
- ^ ORGANIC RESOURCES AT THE IRON AGE DÜRRNBERG SALT-MINE (HALLEIN, AUSTRIA)—LONG-DISTANCE TRADE OR LOCAL SOURCES?, in Archaeometry, vol. 47, n. 2, University of Oxford, 22 Jun 2005, pp. 471–483, DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.2005.00214.x. URL consultato il 25 aprile 2009.
- ^ Salzwelten Salzburg, su showcaves.com, October 9, 2008. URL consultato il 1º maggio 2009.
- ^ Schaubergwerk Dürrnberg - Hallein Salt Mines, su visit-salzburg.net, Visit Salzburg.net. URL consultato il 1º maggio 2009.
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