Retroscripting

Retroscripting can describe two techniques used in movie and television programs.

The first is a process in which a script contains a plot outline and leaves dialogue deliberately vague for interpretation by the actors through improv. Retroscripting can add strong realism and characterization to dialogue. Contemporary examples of television shows using this technique are Home Movies, Aqua Teen Hunger Force, Curb Your Enthusiasm, Trailer Park Boys, and Reno 911!, as well as films by Christopher Guest.

Retroscripting can also refer to the practice of recording new or unscripted dialogue over a live-action or animated program. It may be done for a number of reasons:

• To capitalize on a late-breaking news story or scandal and make the episode current,
• To censor potentially troublesome or possibly insensitive dialogue. An episode of Desperate Housewives suffered this fate following the passing of the Pope. A line was redubbed from "Boy, those Catholics can really mourn" to "Boy, they can really mourn", and it's painfully obvious from watching the actress' lip movements. The potentially offending line was uttered at a funeral procession. "They" referred presumably to the Solis family, who had just lost Carlos Solis' mother to tragedy.
• If an actor has repeated trouble with a line or word. In an episode of Star Trek, according to William Shatner, his fellow actor DeForest Kelley had trouble pronouncing an alien creature's name. The creature's name was "Gumato", but Kelley kept saying "Mugato". The monster eventually became officially known as the Mugato.