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Multitier programming is a programming paradigm for distributed software. In multitier programming, the functionalities that belong to multiple tiers (e.g., the client, the server and the database in a Web application) are part of the same compilation unit and are developed in the same programming language. In contrast, traditionally, tiers are developed using different languages, e.g., JavaScript for the Web client, PHP for the Web server and SQL for the database. The first multitier programming languages include Links.[1] and Hop[2]
List of multitier programming languages
- Hop/Hop.js[2][4][5]
- Ur/Web[6]
- Eliom/Ocsigen[7][8]
- ScalaLoci[9]
- StiP.js[10][11]
- Scala Multi-Tier FRP[12]
- Opa[13]
- AmbientTalk/R[14][15]
- ML5[16]
- WebSharper[17]
- Haste[18]
References
Category:Programming paradigms
- ^ a b Cooper, Ezra (2006). "Links: Web Programming Without Tiers": 266–296. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74792-5_12.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b Serrano, Manuel (2012). "Multitier programming in Hop". Commun. ACM. 55 (8): 53–59. doi:10.1145/2240236.2240253.
- ^ Fowler, Simon (2019). "Exceptional asynchronous session types: session types without tiers". Proc. ACM Program. Lang. 3 (POPL): 28:1–28:29. doi:10.1145/3290341.
- ^ Serrano, Manuel (2006). "Hop: a language for programming the web 2.0": 975–985. doi:10.1145/1176617.1176756.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Serrano, Manuel (2016). "A glimpse of Hopjs": 180–192. doi:10.1145/2951913.2951916.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Chlipala, Adam (2015). "Ur/Web: A Simple Model for Programming the Web": 153–165. doi:10.1145/2676726.2677004.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Balat, Vincent (2006). "Ocsigen: typing web interaction with objective Caml": 84–94. doi:10.1145/1159876.1159889.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Radanne, Gabriel (2018). "Tierless Web Programming in the Large": 681–689. doi:10.1145/3184558.3185953.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Weisenburger, Pascal (2018). "Distributed system development with ScalaLoci". Proc. ACM Program. Lang. 2 (OOPSLA): 129:1–129:30. doi:10.1145/3276499.
- ^ Philips, Laure (2014). "Towards Tierless Web Development without Tierless Languages": 69–81. doi:10.1145/2661136.2661146.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Philips, Laure (2018). "Search-based Tier Assignment for Optimising Offline Availability in Multi-tier Web Applications". Programming Journal. 2 (2): 3. doi:10.22152/programming-journal.org/2018/2/3.
- ^ Reynders, Bob (2014). "Multi-Tier Functional Reactive Programming for the Web": 55–68. doi:10.1145/2661136.2661140.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Rajchenbach-Teller, D., & Sinot, Franois-R'egis. (2010). Opa: Language support for a sane, safe and secure web. Proceedings of the OWASP AppSec Research, 2010(1).
- ^ Carreton, Andoni Lombide (2010). "Loosely-Coupled Distributed Reactive Programming in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks": 41–60. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13953-6_3.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Dedecker, Jessie (2006). "Ambient-Oriented Programming in AmbientTalk": 230–254. doi:10.1007/11785477_16.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ VII, Tom Murphy (2007). "Type-Safe Distributed Programming with ML5": 108–123. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-78663-4_9.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "WebSharper". websharper.com. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
- ^ Ekblad, Anton; Claessen, Koen (2015-05-11). "A seamless, client-centric programming model for type safe web applications". ACM SIGPLAN Notices. 49 (12): 79–89. doi:10.1145/2775050.2633367. ISSN 0362-1340.