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Outline of the Korean language

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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Korean language:

Korean – East Asian language spoken by about 80 million people.[1] It is a member of the Koreanic language family and is the official and national language of North Korea and South Korea, which form Korea. It is also one of the two official languages in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and Changbai Korean Autonomous County of Jilin, China. Korean was historically categorized as a language isolate,[2][3][4][5][6][7] but this classification is no longer widely accepted because the Jejuan language, which has no mutual intelligibility with any mainland Korean variety, is increasingly recognized as a separate language in its own right rather than just a divergent Korean dialect.[citation needed] Korean, Jejuan, and a few extinct relatives form the Koreanic language family. Korean is agglutinative in its morphology and follows an subject-object-verb word order in its syntax.

History

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Main article: History of Korean

Hangul

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Main article: Hangul

Online

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In non-Korean languages

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Chinese characters

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Other language systems

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Grammar

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Main article: Korean grammar

Linguistics

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Dialects and relatives

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Main article: Korean dialects

In Korea

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North Korea

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South Korea

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Jeju

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Outside Korea

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Transliteration

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Romanization

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Main article: Romanization of Korean

Cyrillization

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Etymology

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Korean dictionaries

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Organizations and institutions

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References

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  1. ^ Summary by language size, table 3
  2. ^ Song, Jae Jung (2005), The Korean language: structure, use and context, Routledge, p. 15, ISBN 978-0-415-32802-9.
  3. ^ Campbell, Lyle; Mixco, Mauricio (2007), "Korean, A language isolate", A Glossary of Historical Linguistics, University of Utah Press, pp. 7, 90–91, most specialists... no longer believe that the... Altaic groups... are related […] Korean is often said to belong with the Altaic hypothesis, often also with Japanese, though this is not widely supported.
  4. ^ Dalby, David (1999–2000), The Register of the World's Languages and Speech Communities, Linguasphere Press.
  5. ^ Kim, Nam-Kil (1992), "Korean", International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, vol. 2, pp. 282–86, scholars have tried to establish genetic relationships between Korean and other languages and major language families, but with little success.
  6. ^ Róna-Tas, András (1998), "The Reconstruction of Proto-Turkic and the Genetic Question", The Turkic Languages, Routledge, pp. 67–80, [Ramstedt's comparisons of Korean and Altaic] have been heavily criticised in more recent studies, though the idea of a genetic relationship has not been totally abandoned.
  7. ^ Schönig, Claus (2003), "Turko-Mongolic Relations", The Mongolic Languages, Routledge, pp. 403–19, the 'Altaic' languages do not seem to share a common basic vocabulary of the type normally present in cases of genetic relationship.
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