Orchidales is an order of flowering plants. In taxonomical systems, this is a relatively recent name as early systems used descriptive botanical names for the order containing the orchids.[1] The Bentham & Hooker and the Engler systems had the orchids in order Microspermae while the Wettstein system treats them as order Gynandrae (a descriptive name referring to the stamens).[2] In taxonomical systems these two descriptive names have now mostly dropped out of use.
Circumscription of the order will vary with the taxonomic system being used. Although mostly the order will consist of the orchids only (usually in one family only, but sometimes divided into more families, as in the Dahlgren system, see below), sometimes other families are added:
Circumscription in the Takhtajan system
edit- order Orchidales
- family Orchidaceae
Circumscription in the Cronquist system
editCronquist system (1981):
- order Orchidales
- family Geosiridaceae
- family Burmanniaceae
- family Corsiaceae
- family Orchidaceae
Circumscription in the Dahlgren system
edit- order Orchidales
- family Neuwiediaceae
- family Apostasiaceae
- family Cypripediaceae
- family Orchidaceae
Circumscription in the Thorne system
edit- order Orchidales
- family Orchidaceae
Circumscription in the Wettstein system
edit- order Gynandrae
- family Orchideae
APG system
editThe order is not recognized in the APG II system, which assigns the orchids to order Asparagales.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Vermeulen, P. (April 1966). "The System of the Orchidales". Acta Botanica Neerlandica. 15 (1): 224–253. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1966.tb00228.x.
- ^ M., C. E. (1912). Wettstein, Richard R. V.; Lotsy, J. P.; Warming, Eug. (eds.). "Modern Systems of Classification of the Angiosperms". The New Phytologist. 11 (5/6): 206–213. Bibcode:1912NewPh..11..206.. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1912.tb05638.x. ISSN 0028-646X. JSTOR 2427508.