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List of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index

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This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), as published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in its 2025 Human Development Report. According to the 2016 Report, "The IHDI can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for", whereas the Human Development Index itself, from which the IHDI is derived, is "an index of potential human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)".[1][2]

World map representing the inequality-adjusted Human Development Index categories (based on 2023 data, published in 2025):
  0.800–1.000 (very high)
  0.700–0.799 (high)
  0.550–0.699 (medium)
  0.000–0.549 (low)
  Data unavailable
World map showing more detailed breakdown of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (based on 2023 data, published in 2025):
  0.900–0.950
  0.850–0.899
  0.800–0.849
  0.750–0.799
  0.700–0.749
  0.650–0.699
  0.600–0.649
  0.550–0.599
  0.500–0.549
  0.450–0.499
  0.400–0.449
  0.350–0.399
  0.300–0.349
  0.250–0.299
  0.200–0.249
  Data unavailable

Methodology

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Main article: Human Development Index
See also: List of countries by Human Development Index

The index captures the HDI of the average (calculated using not arithmetic, but geometric mean) person in society, which is less than the aggregate HDI when there is inequality in the distribution of health, education and income. Under perfect equality, the HDI and IHDI are equal; the greater the difference between the two, the greater the inequality.

The IHDI, estimated for the world and specific countries, captures the losses in human development due to inequality in health, education and income. Losses in all three dimensions vary across countries, ranging from just a few percent (e.g. Czech Republic and Slovenia) up to over 40% (e.g. Angola and Comoros). Overall loss takes into account all three dimensions. [3]

It should be noted [according to whom?] the comparison between these two maps show low efficacy in showing a difference between IHDI and HDI.

List

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The table below ranks countries according to their inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI). Data is based on 2023 estimates.

2023 inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI) (2025 report)

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Table of countries by IHDI
Rank Country 2023 estimates (2025 report)[4]
IHDI HDI Overall loss (%) due to inequality
1   Iceland 0.923 0.972 5.0
2   Norway 0.909 0.970 6.3
  Denmark 0.962 5.5
4    Switzerland 0.894 0.970 7.8
5   Netherlands 0.892 0.955 6.6
6   Belgium 0.891 0.951 6.3
  Finland 0.948 6.0
8   Germany 0.890 0.959 7.2
9   Sweden 0.886 0.959 7.6
  Ireland 0.949 6.6
11   Slovenia 0.885 0.931 4.9
12   Australia 0.873 0.958 8.9
13   United Kingdom 0.869 0.946 8.1
14   Canada 0.867 0.939 7.7
  Czech Republic 0.915 5.2
16   United Arab Emirates 0.866 0.940 7.9
17   Austria 0.861 0.930 7.4
18   South Korea 0.857 0.937 8.5
19   New Zealand 0.853 0.938 9.1
20   Japan 0.845 0.925 8.6
21   Malta 0.843 0.924 8.8
22   Cyprus 0.841 0.913 7.9
  Estonia 0.905 7.1
24   Hong Kong 0.839 0.955 12.1
25   Luxembourg 0.838 0.922 9.1
26   Andorra 0.837 0.913 8.3
27   France 0.836 0.920 9.1
28   Slovakia 0.833 0.880 5.3
29   United States 0.832 0.938 11.3
30   Croatia 0.828 0.889 6.9
31   Greece 0.825 0.908 9.1
32   Singapore 0.823 0.946 13.0
33   Spain 0.819 0.918 10.8
  Hungary 0.870 5.9
35   Italy 0.817 0.915 10.7
  Poland 0.906 9.8
37   Israel 0.813 0.919 11.5
38   Lithuania 0.812 0.895 9.3
  Latvia 0.889 8.7
40   Portugal 0.795 0.890 10.7
41   Serbia 0.772 0.833 7.3
42   Montenegro 0.771 0.862 10.6
  Belarus 0.824 6.4
44   Kazakhstan 0.766 0.837 8.5
45   Argentina 0.761 0.865 12.0
46   Romania 0.758 0.845 10.3
  Russia 0.832 8.9
48   Brunei Darussalam 0.756 0.837 9.7
49   Seychelles 0.755 0.848 11.0
50   Georgia 0.754 0.844 10.7
51   Oman 0.750 0.858 12.6
52   Bulgaria 0.748 0.845 11.5
53   Uruguay 0.747 0.862 13.3
54   Armenia 0.743 0.811 8.4
55   Azerbaijan 0.735 0.789 6.8
56   Chile 0.723 0.878 17.7
  North Macedonia 0.815 11.3
58   Moldova 0.719 0.785 8.4
59   Ukraine 0.715 0.779 8.2
60   Turkey 0.708 0.853 17.0
61   Malaysia 0.707 0.819 13.7
62   Albania 0.705 0.810 13.0
63   Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.689 0.804 14.3
64   Tonga 0.682 0.769 11.3
65   Costa Rica 0.678 0.833 18.6
66   Thailand 0.677 0.798 15.2
67   Bahamas 0.670 0.820 18.3
  China 0.797 15.9
69   Mauritius 0.669 0.806 17.0
70   Panama 0.664 0.839 20.9
71   Kyrgyzstan 0.649 0.720 9.9
72   Mongolia 0.647 0.747 13.4
73   Mexico 0.646 0.789 18.1
74   Iran 0.643 0.799 19.5
75   Vietnam 0.641 0.766 16.3
76   Ecuador 0.640 0.777 17.6
77   Jordan 0.637 0.754 15.5
78   Dominican Republic 0.634 0.776 18.3
79   Peru 0.633 0.794 20.3
80   Sri Lanka 0.630 0.776 18.8
81   Marshall Islands 0.626 0.733 14.6
  Fiji 0.731 14.4
83   Barbados 0.620 0.811 23.6
84   Palau 0.616 0.786 21.6
85   Samoa 0.609 0.708 14.0
86   Indonesia 0.608 0.728 16.5
87   Venezuela 0.605 0.709 14.7
88   Maldives 0.602 0.766 21.4
89   Algeria 0.601 0.763 21.2
90   Paraguay 0.599 0.756 20.8
  Nauru 0.703 14.8
92   Philippines 0.597 0.720 17.1
93   Tunisia 0.595 0.746 20.2
94   Brazil 0.594 0.786 24.4
  Tajikistan 0.691 14.0
96   Colombia 0.593 0.788 24.7
World 0.590 0.756 22.0
97   Jamaica 0.590 0.720 18.1
98   Egypt 0.582 0.754 22.8
99   Bolivia 0.578 0.733 21.1
  Tuvalu 0.689 16.1
101   Gabon 0.558 0.733 23.9
102   El Salvador 0.555 0.678 18.1
103   Palestine 0.538 0.674 20.2
104   Nicaragua 0.535 0.706 24.2
  Kiribati 0.644 16.9
106   Iraq 0.534 0.695 23.2
107   Saint Lucia 0.523 0.748 30.1
108   Vanuatu 0.521 0.621 16.1
109   Morocco 0.517 0.710 27.2
110   Botswana 0.509 0.731 30.4
111   Honduras 0.496 0.645 23.1
112   Solomon Islands 0.483 0.584 17.3
113   Bangladesh 0.482 0.685 29.6
114   Guatemala 0.479 0.662 27.6
115   Bhutan 0.478 0.698 31.5
  Cabo Verde 0.668 28.4
  São Tomé and Príncipe 0.637 25.0
118   Myanmar 0.477 0.609 21.7
119   South Africa 0.476 0.741 35.8
120   India 0.475 0.685 30.7
121   Laos 0.462 0.617 25.1
122   Kenya 0.456 0.628 27.4
123   Timor-Leste 0.451 0.634 28.9
124   Cambodia 0.444 0.606 26.7
125   Namibia 0.438 0.665 34.1
126     Nepal 0.437 0.622 29.7
127   Eswatini 0.431 0.695 38.0
128   Republic of the Congo 0.426 0.649 34.4
129   Papua New Guinea 0.423 0.576 26.6
130   Zimbabwe 0.406 0.598 32.1
131   Uganda 0.400 0.582 31.3
132   Ghana 0.399 0.628 36.5
  Rwanda 0.578 31.0
134   Tanzania 0.391 0.555 29.5
135   Nigeria 0.379 0.560 32.3
136   Mauritania 0.374 0.563 33.6
137   Malawi 0.365 0.517 29.4
138   Pakistan 0.364 0.544 33.1
139   Togo 0.363 0.571 36.4
140   Zambia 0.361 0.595 39.3
  Cameroon 0.588 38.6
142   Angola 0.360 0.616 41.6
143   Lesotho 0.357 0.550 35.1
144   Comoros 0.356 0.603 41.0
145   Côte d'Ivoire 0.350 0.582 39.9
146   Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.341 0.522 34.7
  Djibouti 0.513 33.5
148   Senegal 0.340 0.530 35.8
149   Haiti 0.337 0.554 39.2
150   Guinea-Bissau 0.331 0.514 35.6
151   Gambia 0.329 0.524 37.2
152   Sudan 0.328 0.511 35.8
153   Liberia 0.326 0.510 36.1
  Ethiopia 0.497 34.4
155   Yemen 0.325 0.470 30.9
156   Afghanistan 0.321 0.496 35.3
157   Madagascar 0.319 0.487 34.5
158   Benin 0.316 0.515 38.6
159   Guinea 0.302 0.500 39.6
160   Mozambique 0.297 0.493 39.8
161   Burundi 0.286 0.439 34.9
162   Mali 0.281 0.419 32.9
  Sierra Leone 0.467 39.8
164   Burkina Faso 0.273 0.459 40.5
165   Niger 0.265 0.419 36.8
166   Central African Republic 0.253 0.414 38.9
167   Chad 0.252 0.416 39.4
168   Somalia 0.229 0.404 43.3
169   South Sudan 0.226 0.388 41.8

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Human Development Reports, Composite indices – HDI and beyond (2015) 87
  2. ^ "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". Hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
  3. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions – Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". United Nations.
  4. ^ Human Development Report 2025 - A matter of choice: People and possibilities in the age of AI (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 6 May 2025. pp. 287–290. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
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