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Nitrospirota

(Redirected from Nitrospirae)
Not to be confused with Nitrospinota.

The Nitrospirota are a phylum of bacteria. They include multiple genera such as Nitrospira, the largest.

Nitrospirota
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Kingdom: Pseudomonadati
Phylum: Nitrospirota
Garrity & Holt 2021[1]
Classes & Orders
Synonyms
  • "Nitrospirae" Garrity and Holt 2001
  • "Nitrospiraeota" Oren et al. 2015
  • "Nitrospirota" Whitman et al. 2018

History of knowledge

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The first member of this phylum, Nitrospira marina, was discovered in 1985.[2] The second member, Nitrospira moscoviensis, was discovered in 1995.[3][4] Nitrospira inopinata was discovered in 2015[5][6] and cultivated in 2017.[7]

Metabolism

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Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB[8]) and commamox bacteria: Nitrospira inopinata.[5][6] Dissulfurispira thermophila (Thermodesulfovibrionia) grows by disproportionation of thiosulfate or elemental sulfur.[9]

Phylogeny

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16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024[10][11][12] 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[13][14][15]
Thermodesulfovibrionia
Dissulfurispiraceae

Dissulfurispira

Thermodesulfovibrionaceae

Thermodesulfovibrio

Thermodesulfovibrionales
Nitrospiria
"Troglogloeales"
"Manganitrophaceae"

"Ca. Manganitrophus"

Nitrospirales
Thermodesulfovibrionia
"Sulfobiaceae"

"Ca. Sulfobium"

"Magnetobacteriaceae"
Thermodesulfovibrionaceae

Thermodesulfovibrio

Dissulfurispiraceae
Thermodesulfovibrionales

Taxonomy

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The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)[16] and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[4]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021). "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 71 (10): 5056. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056. PMID 34694987.
  2. ^ Watson SW, Bock E, Valois FW, Waterbury JB, Schlosser U (1986). "Nitrospira marina gen. nov. sp. nov.: a chemolithotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium". Arch Microbiol. 144 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1007/BF00454947. S2CID 29796511.
  3. ^ Ehrich S, Behrens D, Lebedeva E, Ludwig W, Bock E (July 1995). "A new obligately chemolithoautotrophic, nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrospira moscoviensis sp. nov. and its phylogenetic relationship". Archives of Microbiology. 164 (1): 16–23. doi:10.1007/BF02568729. PMID 7646315. S2CID 2702110.
  4. ^ a b Sayers. "Nitrospirae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2016-03-20.
  5. ^ a b Daims H, Lebedeva EV, Pjevac P, Han P, Herbold C, Albertsen M, et al. (December 2015). "Complete nitrification by Nitrospira bacteria". Nature. 528 (7583): 504–9. Bibcode:2015Natur.528..504D. doi:10.1038/nature16461. PMC 5152751. PMID 26610024.
  6. ^ a b van Kessel MA, Speth DR, Albertsen M, Nielsen PH, Op den Camp HJ, Kartal B, et al. (December 2015). "Complete nitrification by a single microorganism". Nature. 528 (7583): 555–9. Bibcode:2015Natur.528..555V. doi:10.1038/nature16459. PMC 4878690. PMID 26610025.
  7. ^ Kits KD, Sedlacek CJ, Lebedeva EV, Han P, Bulaev A, Pjevac P, et al. (September 2017). "Kinetic analysis of a complete nitrifier reveals an oligotrophic lifestyle". Nature. 549 (7671): 269–272. Bibcode:2017Natur.549..269K. doi:10.1038/nature23679. PMC 5600814. PMID 28847001.
  8. ^ Daims H, Nielsen JL, Nielsen PH, Schleifer KH, Wagner M (November 2001). "In situ characterization of Nitrospira-like nitrite-oxidizing bacteria active in wastewater treatment plants". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 67 (11): 5273–84. Bibcode:2001ApEnM..67.5273D. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.11.5273-5284.2001. PMC 93301. PMID 11679356.
  9. ^ Umezawa, Kazuhiro; Kojima, Hisaya; Kato, Yukako; Fukui, Manabu (2021). "Dissulfurispira thermophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic chemolithoautotroph growing by sulfur disproportionation, and proposal of novel taxa in the phylum Nitrospirota to reclassify the genus Thermodesulfovibrio". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 44 (2): 126184. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2021.126184.
  10. ^ "The LTP". Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  11. ^ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  12. ^ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  13. ^ "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  14. ^ "bac120_r220.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  15. ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  16. ^ Euzéby JP. ""Nitrospirae"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2016-03-20.

Further reading

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