A saddle joint (sellar joint,[1][2] articulation by reciprocal reception[citation needed]) is a type of synovial joint in which the opposing surfaces are reciprocally concave and convex. It is found in the thumb, the thorax, the middle ear, and the heel.
| Saddle Joint | |
|---|---|
 1: Ball and socket joint; 2: Condyloid joint (Ellipsoid); 3: Saddle joint; 4 Hinge joint; 5: Pivot joint; | |
 Ligaments of wrist. Posterior view. | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | articulatio sellaris |
| TA98 | A03.0.00.048 |
| TA2 | 1560 |
| FMA | 75298 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
Structure
editIn a saddle joint, one bone surface is concave while another is convex.[3][4] This creates significant stability.[3]
Movements
editThe movements of saddle joints are similar to those of the condyloid joint and include flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction.[1] However, axial rotation is not allowed. Saddle joints are said to be biaxial,[5] allowing movement in the sagittal and frontal planes.[2]
Examples of saddle joints in the human body include the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb,[6][7] the sternoclavicular joint of the thorax,[8] the incudomalleolar joint of the middle ear,[9] and the calcaneocuboid joint of the heel.[2]
Name
editThe term "saddle" arises because the concave-convex bone interaction is compared to a horse rider riding a horse, with both bone surfaces being saddle-shaped.[2][3] The saddle joint is also known as the sellar joint.[1][2]
References
edit- ^ a b c Lawry, George V. (2006-01-01), Fam, Adel G.; Lawry, George V.; Kreder, Hans J. (eds.), "Chapter 1 - Anatomy of Joints, General Considerations, and Principles of Joint Examination", Musculoskeletal Examination and Joint Injection Techniques, Philadelphia: Mosby, pp. 1–6, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-03003-8.50005-2, ISBN 978-0-323-03003-8, retrieved 2021-01-04
- ^ a b c d e Watkins, James; Mathieson, Ian (2009-01-01), Watkins, James; Mathieson, Ian (eds.), "CHAPTER 5 - The articular system", The Pocket Podiatry Guide: Functional Anatomy, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 157–181, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3032-1.00005-6, ISBN 978-0-7020-3032-1, retrieved 2021-01-04
- ^ a b c Mansfield, Paul Jackson; Neumann, Donald A. (2019-01-01), Mansfield, Paul Jackson; Neumann, Donald A. (eds.), "Chapter 2 - Structure and Function of Joints", Essentials of Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant (Third Edition), St. Louis (MO): Mosby, pp. 20–33, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-54498-6.00002-3, ISBN 978-0-323-54498-6, S2CID 188348609, retrieved 2021-01-04
- ^ Mathieson, Ian; Evans, Angela, eds. (2010-01-01), "CHAPTER 3 - Basic bones of ontogeny", The Pocket Podiatry Guide: Paediatrics, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 32–47, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3031-4.00007-9, ISBN 978-0-7020-3031-4, retrieved 2021-01-04
- ^ "ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: Classification of Joints". Pressbooks. OpenStaxCollege. March 6, 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
- ^ "Saddle joint - Definition, Movements, Examples and Diagrams". anatomy.co.uk. 11 January 2018.
- ^ Moore, KL (2018). Clinically Oriented Anatomy (8 ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. p. 26. ISBN 9781496347213.
- ^ Moore, KL (2018). Clinically Oriented Anatomy (8 ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. p. 264. ISBN 9781496347213.
- ^ Standring, S (2016). "Middle Ear". Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (41 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780702068515.
This article incorporates text in the public ___domain from page 286 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
External links
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