[[Monosaccharide|'''Monosaccharides''']]s are the simplest form of [[carbohydrate]]s with only one simple [[sugar]]. They essentially contain an [[aldehyde]] or [[ketone]] group in their structure.<ref name=Peng09>{{cite journal |author=Peng, Bo, and Yu Qin |title=Fructose and Satiety |journal=Journal of Nutrition |volume= |issue= |pages=6137–42 |date=June 2009}}</ref> The presence of an aldehyde group in a monosaccharide is indicated by the prefix ''aldo-''. Similarly, a ketone group is denoted by the prefix ''keto-''.<ref name=slabaugh/> Examples of monosaccharides are the [[hexose]]s [[glucose]], [[fructose]], and [[galactose]] and [[pentose]]s, ribose, and [[deoxyribose]] Consumed fructose and [[glucose]] have different rates of gastric emptying, are differentially absorbed and have different metabolic fates, providing multiple opportunities for 2 different saccharides to differentially affect food intake.<ref name=Peng09/> Most saccharides eventually provide fuel for cellular respiration.
'''[[Disaccharide]]s''' are formed when two monosaccharides, or two single simple sugars, form a bond with removal of water. They can be hydrolyzed to yield their saccharin building blocks by boiling with dilute acid or reacting them with appropriate enzymes.<ref name=slabaugh/> Examples of disaccharides include [[sucrose]], [[maltose]], and [[lactose]].
