Content deleted Content added
No edit summary |
→External links: Adding categories |
||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Nissan Motor car model}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox
| name
| image
| class = [[Grand Tourer]]
| manufacturer = [[Nissan]]
| production
| assembly = {{ubl
|
| South Africa: [[Rosslyn, South Africa]] (from 1992 to 1994, Nissan South Africa)
}}
| aka = Nissan Fairlady Z
| layout = [[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive]]
|
|
}}
{{Main|Nissan Z-car}}
The '''Nissan 300ZX''' is a [[sports car]] that was produced across two different generations. As with all other versions of the Z, the 300ZX was sold within the [[Japanese domestic market]] under the name '''Fairlady Z'''.<ref name="Nissan">{{cite book|title=Nissan 300ZX 1991 Service Manual No. SM1E-0Z32U0 |publisher=Nissan Overseas Service Department |date=December 1990 |___location= Tokyo, Japan}}</ref>
It was sold in Japan from 1983 to 2000 and in the [[United States]] from 1984 to 1996, the 300ZX name followed the numerical convention initiated with the original Z car, the [[Nissan Fairlady Z (S30)]], which was marketed in the U.S. as the 240Z. The addition of the "X" to the car's name was a carryover from its predecessor, the [[Nissan Fairlady Z (S130)|280ZX]], to signify the presence of more luxury and comfort oriented features. The first generation 300ZX known as the Z31 model was produced from 1983 through 1989 and was a sales success becoming the highest volume [[Z-car]] for Nissan.
To become even more competitive in the sports car market, the second generation 300ZX was driven up-market. It was redesigned to be faster and to feature more advanced technology, but came with a higher price than its predecessor, with consecutive price increases each model year of availability. As such, sales dwindled each year, a trend in the higher end sports car market at the time, and Nissan placed a hiatus on selling new Nissan [[Z-car|Z-Cars]] to the US after the 1996 model year, though the car would continue to be sold in the Japan domestic market until 2001 in low production numbers.
''[[Car and Driver]]'' placed the Z32 on its [[Car and Driver Ten Best|Ten Best]] list for seven consecutive years, each model year of its availability in the United States. ''[[Motor Trend]]'' awarded it as the 1990 [[Import Car of the Year]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.motortrend.com/oftheyear/car/import_car_of_the_year_winners/ |title=Motor Trend Import Cars of the Year Complete Winners List |date=20 September 2004 |publisher=Motortrend.com |access-date=2012-01-22}}</ref> The [[Nissan 350Z]], officially the Z33 generation Z-Car, succeeded the 300ZX in 2003.
{{TOC limit|3}}
==Z31==
{{Redirect|Z31|the ''Kriegsmarine'' destroyer|German destroyer Z31}}
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Z31
| image = Nissan 300 ZX (8490940358) (cropped).jpg
| caption = 1984–85 300ZX, with T-tops
| production = {{unbulleted list|July 1983–1989|number produced: 329,900|(export: 294,516)|(domestic: 35,384)}}<ref name="Long2">{{cite book|last=Long |first=Brian |title=Nissan 300 ZX/350 Z |publisher=Veloce Publishing |year= 2004 |page=203 |isbn=978-1-904788-04-1}}</ref>
| engine = {{unbulleted list
|2.0 L ''[[Nissan VG engine#VG20ET|VG20ET]]'' [[Turbocharger|turbo]] [[V6 engine|V6]] (200Z/ZG/ZS)
|2.0 L ''[[Nissan RB engine#RB20|RB20DET]]'' turbo [[DOHC]] [[Straight-six engine|I6]] (200ZR)
|3.0 L ''[[Nissan VG engine#VG30E|VG30E]]'' V6 (300ZX)
|3.0 L ''[[Nissan VG engine#VG30ET|VG30ET]]'' turbo V6 (300ZX Turbo)
|3.0 L ''[[Nissan VG engine#VG30DE|VG30DE]]'' DOHC V6 (300ZR)
}}
| transmission = {{unbulleted list|5-speed ''[[Nissan transmission|FS5W71C]]'' manual|5-speed ''[[Borg-Warner T-5 transmission|FS5R90A]]'' manual|5-speed ''[[Nissan Transmission|FS5R30A]]'' manual|4-speed ''[[Jatco]] [[Jatco 4N71 transmission|E4N71B]]'' automatic}}
| wheelbase = {{unbulleted list|{{convert|2320|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} ''(SWB)''|{{convert|2520|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} ''(LWB)''}}
| length = {{unbulleted list|{{convert|4410|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} ''(SWB)''|{{convert|4605|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} ''(LWB)''}}
| width = {{convert|1725|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|1260|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| body_style = {{ubl
|3-door 2-seater [[coupé]]
|3-door [[2+2 (car body style)|2+2]] coupé
}}
| weight = {{convert|2888|-|3280|lb|abbr=on}}
| aka = Nissan Fairlady Z
| predecessor = [[Nissan S130|Nissan 280ZX]]
| successor = Nissan 300ZX (Z32)
| designer = [[Kazumasu Takagi]]<ref name="Long"/> (1982)
| model_years = 1984–1990
}}
[[File:1985 Nissan 300ZX rear 2.2.18.jpg|thumb|left|1984–85, rear]]
The Z31 chassis designation was first introduced in Japan on September 16, 1983, as the '''Fairlady Z'''. Designed by Kazumasu Takagi and his team of developers, the Z31 improved aerodynamics and increased power when compared to its predecessor, the [[Nissan S130|280ZX]]. The newer [[Nissan Z-car|Z-car]] had a drag coefficient of 0.30 and many were powered by Japan's first mass-produced [[V6 engine]] instead of the [[Straight-six engine|inline-sixes]] of the previous Z-cars. According to [[Nissan]], the new V6 engine was intended to uphold the sporty, six-cylinder spirit of the [[Nissan S30|original Fairlady Z]], but in a more compact and efficient package.<ref name="Long">{{cite book|title=Datsun/Nissan 280/300 ZX|last=Long|first=Brian|publisher=Veloce Publishing|year=1999|isbn=978-1-901295-06-1|pages=66–69}}</ref>
===Mechanical===
[[File:Nissan VG30ET engine (1984 300ZX Turbo).jpg|thumb|left|VG30ET V6 Turbo]]
All Z31s were equipped with engines that had electronic fuel injection ([[Electronic fuel injection|EFI]]), and all cars were rear wheel drive. There were five engine options in total: A [[turbocharged]] dual overhead cam 2.0 L [[Straight-six engine|straight-six]] ([[Nissan RB engine|''RB20DET'' (NICS)]], used in the 200ZR), a [[turbocharged]] single overhead cam 2.0 L V6 ([[Nissan VG engine|''VG20ET'']], found in the Japanese domestic market 200Z/ZS/ZG), a naturally aspirated single overhead cam 3.0 L V6 ([[Nissan VG engine|''VG30E'']], found in 300ZX), a [[turbocharged]] single overhead cam 3.0 L V6 ([[Nissan VG engine|''VG30ET'']], used in 300ZX Turbo) and a naturally aspirated dual overhead cam 3.0 L V6 ([[Nissan VG engine|''VG30DE'']], used in 300ZR).
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
|+Z31 engines<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.xenonzcar.com/z31/engines.html |title=Z31 Engine Information and Specifications |website=Xenon Zcar |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref>
! Model !! Engine !! Displ. !! Config. !! Power !! Torque
|-
! 200Z /ZS /ZG<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/HERITAGE_COLLECTION/fairlady_200zg.html |title=No. 236: Fairlady 200ZG (1985 : GZ31) |website=Nissan Heritage Collection |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref> !! [[Nissan VG engine|''VG20ET'']]
| {{cvt|1998|cc|cuin|0}} || V6, OHC with turbo
| {{cvt|125|kW}} @6000 rpm || {{cvt|216|Nm}} @3600 rpm
|-
! 200ZR<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.classicandsportscar.com/features/mitsubishi-starion-ex-vs-nissan-fairlady-200zr-forbidden-z |title=Mitsubishi Starion EX vs Nissan Fairlady 200ZR: the forbidden Z |first=Charlie |last=Calderwood |date=9 June 2023 |website=Classic & Sports Car |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref> !! [[Nissan RB engine|''RB20DET'']]
| {{cvt|1998|cc|cuin|0}} || I6, DOHC with turbo
| {{cvt|178|hp|kW|order=flip}} @6400 rpm || {{cvt|167|lbft|Nm|order=flip}} @3600 rpm
|-
! 300ZX !! [[Nissan VG engine|''VG30E'']]
| {{cvt|2960|cc|cuin|0}} || V6, OHC
| {{cvt|160–165|hp|kW|order=flip}} @5200 rpm || {{cvt|172|ftlb|Nm|order=flip}} @4000 rpm
|-
! 300ZR !! [[Nissan VG engine|''VG30DE'']]
| {{cvt|2960|cc|cuin|0}} || V6, DOHC
| {{cvt|190|hp|kW|order=flip}} @6000 rpm || {{cvt|181|ftlb|Nm|order=flip}} @4400 rpm
|-
! 300ZX Turbo<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/HERITAGE_COLLECTION/nissan_300ZX_50th.html |title=No. 472: NISSAN 300ZX Turbo T-top 50th Anniversary (1983 : HZ31) |website=Nissan Heritage Collection |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a15143228/1984-nissan-300zx-turbo-archived-instrumented-test/ |title=1984 Nissan 300ZX Turbo |date=February 1984 |first=Don |last=Sherman |magazine=Car and Driver |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref> !! [[Nissan VG engine|''VG30ET'']]
| {{cvt|2960|cc|cuin|0}} || V6, OHC with turbo
| {{cvt|147|kW}} @5200 rpm || {{cvt|308|Nm}} @3600 rpm
|-
! 300ZX (racing)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/HERITAGE_COLLECTION/fairlady_z_300zx_100.html |title=No. 100: Fairlady Z 300ZX, Japanese Rally Championship in 1985 (1985 : HZ31) |website=Nissan Heritage Collection |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref> !! [[Nissan VG engine|''VG30ET'']]
| {{cvt|2960|cc|cuin|0}} || V6, OHC with turbo
| {{cvt|169|kW}} @5200 rpm || {{cvt|333|Nm}} @3600 rpm
|}
Many of the Z31s were equipped with the new [[Nissan VG engine|''VG'' family of V6 engines]], which was Japan's first 60-degree V6, unlike its predecessors, which used [[Nissan L engine|''L''-series I6 engines]]. The ''VG'' engines were found in the 200Z/ZS/ZG, 300ZX and 300ZR trims, from 2.0L to 3.0L. The VG30 engine was either a type A or type B sub-designation from 1984 to March 1987, while models from April 1987 to 1989 had a W sub-designation. The W-series engines featured redesigned water jackets for additional cooling, and fully floating piston wrist pins. Finally, these engines were equipped with self-adjusting hydraulic valve lifters.
Some Z31s are equipped with the turbocharged [[Nissan RB engine#RB20|''RB20DET'']] engine, which are the last Z-cars to use a [[Straight-six engine|inline-six cylinder engine]]; these were sold as the Fairlady Z 200ZR, of which roughly 8,283 were produced between 1985 and 1988. 200ZR's came in two trims; 200ZR-I (base model with the 'slicktop roof,' crank windows, A/C, base model creature comforts, and only with a manual transmission), and 200ZR-II (t-top roof, more electronic options, and available with an optional automatic transmission). 200ZR models also came standard with the R200 limited slip differential, white faced gauges, and ZR specific cloth upholstery.
The Z31s are equipped with a 5-speed manual or an optional 4-speed automatic transmission; all Z31 automatics were the E4N71B equipped with torque-converter lockup, including turbo models. All Z31s were equipped with a Nissan R200 rear [[differential (mechanical device)|differential]].{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} April 1987 and later turbo models received a modified R200 featuring a clutch-based [[limited-slip differential]], except 1988 Shiro Specials which had a viscous-type limited slip differential.
===Technology===
[[File:1985 Nissan 300ZX interior (6281690268).jpg|thumb|right|Interior with digital instruments (MY 1985)]]
As with some other [[Nissan]] models of the period, the new Z31s were equipped with a "Voice Warning System". The Voice Warning System used a pre-recorded voice box, the vehicle's radio and driver's door speaker to mute the radio and provide a vocal warning whenever the left or right door was ajar, the exterior lights were left on after the vehicle was turned off, parking brake was left on while trying to operate the car, or the fuel level was low. This system was dropped for the 1987 model year.<ref name=CD1186C>{{cite magazine | ref = CD1186 | magazine = [[Car and Driver]] | date = November 1986 | volume = 32 | issue = 5 | page = 61 | title = Charting the Changes | publisher = CBS Magazines | last = Ceppos | first = Rich }}</ref>
Other technological features in the 300ZX included a "Body Sonic" audio system (which utilized a separate amplifier and speakers in the vehicle's front seats that allowed bass from music to be felt by the vehicle's occupants), analog gauges, stereo and climate control, or an optional digital gauge cluster, digital stereo with equalizer and an optional fully digital climate control system.
===Chassis===
The Z31 chassis was based on the [[Nissan S130|280ZX]]. Although the newer chassis had the same wheelbase and [[MacPherson strut]]/[[semi-trailing arm]] [[independent suspension]] design,<ref name=Hutton85>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/zseriesdatsunsco0000hutt/page/82/mode/2up |title=The Z-series Datsuns: a collector's guide |first=Ray |last=Hutton |chapter=8: The third generation |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/zseriesdatsunsco0000hutt/page/82/mode/2up |date=1985 |publisher=Motor Racing Publications Ltd. |edition=Second |pages=83–93 |isbn=0-947981-02-0}}</ref>{{rp|85–86}} it handled and accelerated better than the [[Nissan 280ZX|280ZX]] it replaced.<ref name=PM-8311/>{{rp|129–130}} Turbocharged models, except for the Shiro Special edition, lower trim 200Z models, and the 200ZR-I, had 3-way electronically adjustable shock absorbers.<ref name=Hutton85/>{{rp|86–87}} The Z31 was available in either left or right hand drive.
===Style and evolution===
{{multiple image |align=right |direction=vertical |title=1986 and 1987 updates
|image1=1986 Nissan 300ZX Turbo, Front Right, 10-10-2021.jpg
|caption1=1986 Turbo, front
|image2=1986 Nissan 300ZX Turbo, Rear Right, 10-10-2021.jpg
|caption2=1986 Turbo, rear
|image3=87-89 Nissan 300ZX.jpg
|caption3=1987–89, front
|image4=Saint-Jean-de-Luz, Pyrénées-Atlantiques - France (8447658663).jpg
|caption4=1989 2+2, rear}}
As originally released, the Z31 used black polypropylene bumper covers and body side moldings, with black front and rear spoilers. Turbo models had a hood-mounted scoop mounted off-center. All cars were fitted with a [[T-top]] roof.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/nissan-300zx-car-brochure-1984/page/n3/mode/2up |title=Nissan 300ZX (brochure) |date=April 1984 |publisher=Nissan U.K. Ltd. |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref>
The Z31 body was slightly restyled in 1986 with the addition of side skirts, flared fenders, and sixteen inch wheels (turbo models only). Many black plastic trim pieces were also painted to match the body color, and the hood scoop was removed.<ref name=PM-8607>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GeMDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA78 |title=PM Comparison Test: Super Coupes |first=Rich |last=Taylor |others=Photography by Humphrey Sutton |date=July 1986 |pages=78–83 |magazine=Popular Mechanics |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref>
The car was given a final makeover in 1987 that included more aerodynamic bumpers, fog lamps within the front air dam, and 9004 bulb-based headlamps that replaced the outdated sealed beam headlights. The 300ZX-titled reflector in the rear was updated to a narrow set of tail lights running the entire width of the car and an [[LED]] third brake light on top of the rear hatch. This was the first car in history to have the central brake light with LED, in 1987 model year, made by [[Stanley Electric]].
The Z31 continued selling until 1989, longer than any other [[Nissan Z-car|Z-Car]] at the time. Cars produced from 1984 to 1985 are referred to as "Zenki" or "Zenki-gata" models, while cars produced from 1987 to 1989 are known as "Kouki" or "Kouki-gata" models. The 1986 models are unique due to sharing some major features from both. They are sometimes referred to as "Chuki" models, but are usually grouped with the Zenki models because of the head and tail lights.<ref name="ZBUM: US 300ZX Production Numbers"/>
===North American market===
North America was the main market for the 300ZX, as for previous generations of the Z-car. It was introduced to the United States in October 1983, along with the remainder of Nissan's 1984 model year lineup.<ref name=scimp>{{Cite book | ref = SCimp | title = Standard Catalog of Imported Cars, 1946-1990 | first = James M. | last = Flammang | publisher = Krause Publications, Inc. | ___location = Iola, WI | pages = 173–174 | date = 1994 | isbn = 0-87341-158-7 }}</ref> By now the "Datsun" nameplate had been completely retired in North America.<ref name=scimp/> Over 70,000 units were sold in North America in 1985 alone. There were three trim models available: SF, GL, and GLL. The SF model was only available in Canada. The new V6 (2960 cc) [[Single overhead cam]] engine was available as a naturally aspirated [[VG30E]] or a turbocharged [[Nissan VG engine#VG30ET|VG30ET]] producing {{convert|160|and|200|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, respectively.<ref name=PM-8311>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zNgDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA85 |title=Driving Nissan's New 300ZX |first=Michael |last=Lamm |date=November 1983 |magazine=Popular Mechanics |pages=85;129–131 |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref>{{rp|130}} The 1984 to 1987 turbo models featured a [[Garrett AiResearch|Garrett]] T3 turbocharger with a 7.8:1 compression ratio, whereas 1988 to 1989 models featured a low inertia T25 turbocharger with an increased 8.3:1 compression ratio and slightly more power — {{convert|165|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} naturally aspirated and {{convert|205|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} turbocharged.<ref name=SCIb>[[#SCimp|Flammang]], p. 175</ref>
For the 1986 model year, the base two-seater model was made available without the T-bars, creating a lower cost entry-level version.<ref name=SCIc>[[#SCimp|Flammang]], p. 174</ref>
====Special editions====
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| title = 1984 50th Anniversary Edition 300ZX
| image1 = Nissan 300ZX Turbo T-top 50th Anniversary (Canadian spec.), front.jpg
| image2 = Nissan 300ZX Turbo T-top 50th Anniversary (Canadian spec.), interior.jpg
| caption1 = Front
| caption2 = Interior
}}
Two Special Edition versions of the Z31 generation model were produced by Nissan; a 50th Anniversary Edition celebrated the company's semi-centennial in 1984 and offered additional luxury features, and a "Shiro Special", released four years later, with performance-oriented upgrades.<ref name="Z-Club_Hungary">{{cite web |last=Z-Club Hungary |title=Nissan 300ZX - Z31 |url=http://www.zclubhungary.hu/E300ZXZ31.htm |access-date=2007-02-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930082726/http://www.zclubhungary.hu/E300ZXZ31.htm |archive-date=2007-09-30 }}</ref><ref name="ZBUM: SS Registry and Information">{{cite web|author=ZBUM |title=US 1988 300ZX SS Registry and Information |url= http://www.az-zbum.com/information.ss.registry.shtml |access-date=2007-02-20}}</ref><ref name="ZBUM: US 300ZX Production Numbers">{{cite web |author=ZBUM |title=The US 300ZX Production Numbers |url=http://www.az-zbum.com/information.production.shtml |access-date=2011-02-04}}</ref>
The 1984 300ZX 50th Anniversary Edition, released to celebrate the automaker's half-century, was a turbocharged coupé (two-seater) model with a Light Pewter/Thunder Black color scheme. All 50th Anniversary Editions came equipped with a digital dash and ancillary gauges including average mileage, G-force, and compass readouts, in-car electronic adjustable shocks, ''Bodysonic'' speakers in the seats, cruise and radio controls in the steering wheel, mirrored t-tops, embroidered leather seats, embroidered floor mats, sixteen-inch (406 mm) aluminum wheels, rear fender flares, flared front fenders, a 50th AE logo badge on the driver's side front fender, and grey cloth indoor car cover with 50AE printing.<ref name=Hutton85/>{{rp|92–93}} The only option available to the 50th Anniversary Edition was the choice between an [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] or a 5-speed [[manual transmission]]. 5,148 AE models were produced for the U.S. market and 300 for the Canadian market. A non-turbo 2+2 model was also available with 50AE badging in the Australian market.
{{multiple image
| align = left
| direction = vertical
| title = 1988 ''Shiro'' Special 300ZX
| image1 = Nissan Z31 300ZX TURBO (23100110444).jpg
| image2 = Nissan Z31 300ZX TURBO (23100110445).jpg
| caption1 = Front
| caption2 = Rear
}}
In 1988, the turbocharged Shiro Special debuted with pearl white paint, stiffer springs and matched shocks, heavy-duty anti-sway bars, a unique front air dam, paint matched wheels, [[Recaro]] seats with matching door panels, painted bumperettes, white painted door handles and a viscous limited-slip [[differential (mechanical device)|differential]]. No options were available for the Shiro. It was the fastest car out of Japan, capable of {{convert|153|mi/h|km/h|0|abbr=on}} speeds, as tested by ''[[Motor Trend]]'' with the electronic speed limiter disabled.<ref name="Z-Club_Hungary"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.motortrend.com/features/1402-1988-nissan-300zx-turbo/ |title=1988 Nissan 300ZX - From Shiro To Hero |first=Brad |last=Sillars |date=January 24, 2014 |work=Motor Trend |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref> A total of 1,002 Shiro Special Z31s were produced for the U.S. market between January and March 1988,<ref name="ZBUM: SS Registry and Information"/> plus an additional 75 units for the Canadian market.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hemmings.com/stories/magazine/1988-nissan-300zx-shiro-special/ |title=1988 Nissan 300ZX 'Shio Special' |first=Jeff |last=Koch |date=March 25, 2024 |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=www.hemmings.com}}</ref>
===Japanese market===
In Japan, the Z31 was marketed as the '''Fairlady Z''' and was originally only available with two turbocharged engines: the {{convert|170|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Nissan VG engine#VG20ET|VG20ET]] in the regular Fairlady Z and the {{convert|230|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Nissan VG engine#VG30ET|VG30ET]] in the Fairlady Z 300ZX.<ref name=Catvol30>{{citation | ref = JAMA30 | title = 自動車ガイドブック | trans-title = Japanese Motor Vehicles Guide Book 1983-84 | language = ja | volume = 30 | date = 1983-10-28 | publisher = [[Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association]] | ___location = Japan | page = 178 | id = 0053-830030-3400 }}</ref> Both outputs are JIS Gross and both engines use the [[Garrett AiResearch]] T03 turbocharger. The 300ZX, unencumbered by Japanese Government [[Vehicle size class#Japan|dimension regulations]] restricting overall width to less than {{convert|1700|mm|in|abbr=on}} was somewhat wider than the 2-liter models, at {{convert|1725|mm|in|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Catvol30/> Japanese 300ZX buyers were liable for additional yearly taxes that affected sales. As originally introduced, all Japanese market Fairlady Z's were slicktops, but the T-top option was made available in February 1984.
The 2-liter models later gained the 200Z, 200ZG, or 200ZS monikers to help differentiate from the larger, three-liter models. They all used the VG20ET. The 300ZX, meanwhile, came with the VG30ET, with similar specifications to the USDM model. The only Fairlady Z variant to use the [[Nissan VG engine#VG30DE|VG30DE]] engine, and the only Japanese-market model with a naturally aspirated engine, was the 300ZR.<ref name="ZBUM: Z31 FAQs">{{cite web|author=ZBUM |title=ZBUM's Z31 FAQs |url= http://www.az-zbum.com/faqs.shtml |access-date=2007-03-13}}</ref> It continued to be marketed as a companion fastback to the more formal appearance of the [[Nissan Skyline]]-based [[Nissan Leopard]] coupé at ''[[Nissan Motor Company#Japan|Nissan Store]]'' Japanese dealerships.
The 200ZR model was introduced in October 1985, featuring the RB20DET NICS, which was the first generation of the RB engine to feature the DOHC 4 valve head and turbocharging. Speaking of the turbocharger, the 200ZR featured the world's first ceramic turbocharger, which was a joint project between Nissan and NGK.<ref name=Catvol33>{{citation | ref = JAMA33 | title = 自動車ガイドブック | trans-title = Japanese Motor Vehicles Guide Book 1986–'87 | language = ja | volume = 33 | date = 1986-10-20 | publisher = [[Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association]] | ___location = Japan | pages = 115–116 | id = 0053-870034-3400 }}</ref> Maximum power output is {{convert|180|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}. The 200ZR was offered on both wheelbases, as either a slicktop (200ZR-<span style="font-family:times, serif">I</span>) or as a T-top (200ZR-<span style="font-family:times, serif">II</span>). 1985 to 1986 model year 200ZR's feature a wide central hood scoop to feed air to the top mount intercooler. This hood scoop was made much smaller with the October 1986 facelift, which generally made for a smoother appearance overall. Additionally, the smaller engine in the 200ZR dropped the cars weight by 170kg (roughly 375lbs) compared to cars equipped with the VG30ET, dramatically changing the weighting of the steering. Every 200ZR came equipped with the R200 clutch-pack type limited slip differential (featuring the lowest available gear ratio), stiffer springs and shocks, ZR specific seats/upholstery, and a ZR specific steering wheel (for 1985 and 1986). Recaro seats were optional in all facelifted ZR models (including the 300ZR), in both 2+0 and 2+2 seating configurations. Much like the Fairlady Z 432, the 200ZR features the "P" chassis code designation (either as a PZ31 or PGZ31, whereas the 432's chassis code starts with PS30). 8283 examples were made between 1985 and 1989 (only a handful of Z31's carried over into the 1989 model year). The production numbers between the "I" and "II" are as follows: 1044 200ZR-I: 880 2+0, 164 2+0. All 200ZR-I's came with manual transmissions. 7239 200ZR-II: 1126 2+0, 6113 2+2. Between the transmission options, 2345 were automatics, and 4894 were manuals.
While by this point the Z31 had morphed into more of a GT, the 200ZR was an attempt by Nissan's engineers to claw back some of the sporty driving characteristics of the original S30 Fairlady Z/240Z. The more responsive engine, lighter body, shorter gearing, and stiffer suspension demonstrate this.
With the facelift, claimed power of the turbocharged 300ZX dropped to {{convert|195|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} as Nissan changed from Gross to Net ratings, and the VG20-powered models were discontinued.<ref name=Catvol34>{{citation | ref = JAMA34 | title = 自動車ガイドブック | trans-title = Japanese Motor Vehicles Guide Book 1987~'88 | language = ja | volume = 34 | date = 1987-10-28 | publisher = [[Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association]] | ___location = Japan | page = 125 | id = 0053-870034-3400 }}</ref> This was also when the DOHC, naturally aspirated, 300ZR model was added to the lineup, with {{convert|190|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}, making for three differently engined models with nearly the same performance. The 300ZR was positioned as a sportier alternative to the 300ZX Turbo, with tighter suspension settings and an R200 limited slip differential, while the turbocharged 300ZX was now only offered with an automatic transmission, and the 200ZR was a budget alternative as it fit into a lower tax and insurance category thanks to its smaller engine.
===
The European turbo models, as well as those sold in other markets unencumbered by strict emissions regulations, produce {{convert|228|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}<ref>{{citation |title= Nissan 300ZX, Model Z31 Series: New Model Introduction |page = 14 |year=1984 | publisher = Nissan Motor Co. Ltd. |url=http://xenonz31.com/files/NissanProductBulletins/1984%20Z31%20Euro%20Model%20Intro.pdf |ref = NMI | volume = 130 | access-date=2011-03-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409123654/http://www.xenonz31.com/files/NissanProductBulletins/1984%20Z31%20Euro%20Model%20Intro.pdf |archive-date=April 9, 2011 }}</ref> due to higher lift and higher duration on the camshaft profile, also known outside of Europe as the Nismo camshafts. The two-seater model was not available in mainland Europe but was available in the United Kingdom.<ref>[[#NMI|''New Model Introduction Product Bulletin'']], pp. 13, 16</ref> Some models were also equipped without catalytic converters. All European turbocharged models received a different front lower spoiler as well, with 84-86 models being unique and 87-89 production having the same spoiler as the USDM 1988 Shiro Special model.
Swedish- and Swiss-market models (as well as those sold in Australia) received [[exhaust gas recirculation]] control systems to meet those countries particular emissions regulations.<ref>[[#NMI|''New Model Introduction Product Bulletin'']], p. 27</ref>
===Australian models===
All Australian model Z31 300ZXs were 2+2 T-top body, with an engine offering of either the 3.0L V6 N/A VG30E, or the 3.0L V6 Turbo Charged VG30ET. The cars sold in 1984 and '85 were all naturally aspirated with no catalytic converter, while the turbocharged version was the only model available from 1986 to 1988. There was only one trim level in Australia, with the digital dashboard and climate control being an optional upgrade package, and leather seats only available in the redesigned series 3 "Californian" models. The Australian factory service manual provides camshaft measurements which do not match any of the known USDM or EDM camshaft profiles, the FSM states the exhaust valve has an open duration of 252 degrees, but the specified opening and closing angles add up to 258 degrees. All Australian publication content express that N/A versions possess {{convert|166|hp|abbr=on}}, along with the turbocharged versions as {{convert|208|hp|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://autospeed.com/cms/title_Zed-Speed-Part-One/A_2491/article.html |title=Zed Speed - Part One |publisher=AutoSpeed |access-date=2010-10-23 |archive-date=28 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728125343/http://autospeed.com/cms/title_Zed-Speed-Part-One/A_2491/article.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Australian 50th Anniversary Edition was more basic than the U.S. version, the 50th AE was a normal n/a 300ZX with the digital dash package, a black interior, black velour seats, and a 50th AE badge on the exterior. The exterior badge was fixed to the cars by dealerships, so the position of the badge is not the same on all models. There was no Shiro Special in Australia, and no models featured the adjustable shock absorbers.
==Z32==
{{Redirect|Z32|the ''Kriegsmarine'' destroyer|German destroyer Z32}}
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Z32
| aka = Nissan Fairlady Z
| image = 1990 Nissan 300ZX 3.0L silver, front NYIAS 2019.jpg
| production = {{ubl
| February 1989–2000 (Japan)
| number produced: 164,170
|(export: 99,286)
| (domestic: 64,884)<ref name="Long2"/>
}}
| assembly = South Africa: [[Rosslyn, South Africa]] (from 1992 to 1994, Nissan South Africa)<ref>{{cite web |title=South African Z-car History |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010224061619/http://sazcar.homestead.com/SAHistory.html |access-date=February 24, 2001}}</ref>
| engine = {{unbulleted list
|3.0 L ''[[Nissan VG engine#VG30DE|VG30DE]]'' [[V6 engine|V6]]
|3.0 L ''[[Nissan VG engine#VG30DETT|VG30DETT]]'' [[twin-turbo]] V6
}}
| transmission = {{unbulleted list|5-speed ''RS5R30A'' [[Manual transmission|manual]]|4-speed ''[[Jatco 4R01 transmission|RE4R01A]]'' [[Automatic transmission|Automatic]]|4-speed ''[[Jatco 4R03 transmission|RE4R03A]]'' automatic}}
| body_style = {{ubl
|2-door [[convertible (car)|convertible]]
|3-door 2-seater [[coupé]]
|3-door [[2+2 (car body style)|2+2]] [[Targa top|Targa]] coupé
}}
| wheelbase = {{cvt|2450|mm|in|1}} ''2+0''<ref name="Nissan"/><br />{{cvt|2550|mm|in|1}} ''2+2''<ref name="Nissan"/>
| length = {{cvt|4305|mm|in|1}} ''2+0''<ref name="Nissan"/><br />{{cvt|4520|mm|in|1}} ''2+2''<ref name="Nissan"/>
| width = {{cvt|1790|mm|in|1}} ''2+0''<ref name="Nissan"/><br />{{cvt|1800|mm|in|1}} ''2+2''<ref name="Nissan"/>
| height = {{ubl
|{{cvt|1250|mm|in|1}} '90-'92
|{{cvt|1255|mm|in|1}} '90-'92 TT T-Top
|{{cvt|1229|mm|in|1}} '93-'98
|{{cvt|1222|mm|in|1}} '93-'98 2+2
|{{cvt|1227|mm|in|1}} '96-'98 Hardtop
|{{cvt|1255|mm|in|1}} '90-'92 Convertible
|{{cvt|1257|mm|in|1}} '93-'95 Convertible
|{{cvt|1237|mm|in|1}} '96-'98 Convertible
}}
| weight = {{ubl
|'95 models w/manual transmission:
|{{cvt|3290|lb|kg|0}} ''2+0 NA (USDM) Hardtop''
|{{convert|3350|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} ''2+0 NA (USDM) [[T-top]]''
|{{convert|3320|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} ''2+0 TT (JDM) Hardtop''
|{{convert|3422|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} ''2+0 TT (USDM) [[T-top]]''
|{{convert|3445|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} ''2+0 (USDM) Convertible''
|{{convert|3414|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} ''2+2 (USDM) NA [[T-top]]''
|{{convert|3582|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} ''2+2 (JDM) TT [[T-top]]''
}}
| predecessor = Nissan 300ZX (Z31)
| successor = [[Nissan 350Z]] (Z33)
| designer = Isao Sono & Toshio Yamashita (1986)
| model_years = 1990–1996
}}
===Design===
{{multiple image |align=left |direction=vertical |title=Body variations
|image1=Nissan FairladyZ 300ZX (GCZ32), 1989, rear.jpg |caption1=Rear view
|image2=1992 Nissan 300ZX 3.0 Front.jpg |caption2=Convertible}}
The Z32 was designed by Isao Sono and Toshio Yamashita, approved in final form by Nissan management on October 1, 1986.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D7CwZpAjDNcC&q=1986+nissan+design+corvette&pg=PA60 |title = All Corvettes Are Red|isbn = 9780671685010|last1 = Schefter|first1 = James|date = 21 January 1998| publisher=Simon and Schuster }}</ref> The body was wider with a rounder profile and fewer hard edges. It had a marginally increased [[coefficient of drag]] of 0.31 compared to the Z31's 0.30. Nissan utilized the [[Cray-2]] supercomputer to design the new Z32 with a form of [[CAD software]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.johnthecopywriter.com/portfolio/nissan-300zx-brochure/|title=Johnthecopywriter: 300ZX Brochure|format=PDF|access-date=2010-10-23}}</ref> making it one of the first production cars to utilize this tool.
Like previous generations, Nissan offered a 4-seater (''2+2'') model with the Z32. All Z32s initially featured [[T-top]]s as standard.<ref name=CD-8908>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a15139914/1990-nissan-300zx-road-test/ |title=1990 Nissan 300ZX Aces Form and Function |first=Arthur |last=St. Antoine |date=August 1989 |magazine=Car and Driver |access-date=27 February 2025}}</ref> A hardtop model was available in North America, only in non-turbo models, and in Japan was available along with an extremely rare Twin Turbo model (Japan-only). All "Slicktops" were 2 seaters (''2+0'').
In 1992, a 2-seat convertible version (produced by [[American Specialty Cars|ASC]]<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YhG3DAAAQBAJ&q=asc+300zx&pg=PT196 | title=Nissan 300ZX and 350Z: The Z-Car Story| isbn=9781904788041| last1=Long| first1=Brian| date=May 2004| publisher=Veloce Publishing}}</ref>) was introduced for the first time, in response to aftermarket conversions.
===Mechanical===
[[File:1990 300zx engine.jpg|thumb|left|Naturally aspirated [[Nissan VG engine#VG30DE|''VG30DE'']]]]
The {{convert|2960|cc|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Nissan VG engine#VG30DE|''VG30DE'']] [[V6 engine]] was carried over from the previous generation 300ZX (Z31), but fitted with a [[Overhead camshaft#Dual overhead camshaft|DOHC]] head and [[variable valve timing]] ([[N-VCT]]), producing {{convert|222|bhp|abbr=on|PS kW}} at 6,400 rpm and {{convert|198|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} at 4,800 rpm in [[naturally aspirated]] (NA) form.<ref name=CD-8908/> During instrumented testing conducted by ''[[Car and Driver]]'' in 1989, the NA car recorded a time of 6.7 seconds to accelerate from 0 to {{cvt|60|mph}}, an elapsed time of 15.0 seconds over {{cvt|1/4|mi}} with a trap speed of {{cvt|93|mph}}, and a maximum speed of {{cvt|143|mph}}.<ref name=CD-8908/>
The high output engine (''VG30DETT'') was upgraded with [[Garrett AiResearch]] parallel [[twin-turbo]]chargers and dual [[intercooler]]s, producing {{convert|300|bhp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}} at 6,400 rpm and {{convert|283|lbft|0|abbr=on}} of [[Torque#Machine torque|torque]] at 3,600 rpm.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.twinturbo.net/ttnetfaq/stats/z32stats.html |title=Nissan 300ZX forum |publisher=TwinTurbo.NET |access-date=2010-10-23}}</ref> Benefiting from [[Nissan#Project 901|Project 901]], the Z32 was the first car to be marketed following the introduction of the {{convert|280|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} power ceiling imposed by [[Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association|JAMA]] that remained until 2004.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2008/04/13/travel/why-japan-finally-got-its-foot-off-the-brake/#.VKVMlKbPeLE |title=Why Japan finally got its foot off the brake |newspaper=The Japan Times Online |date=2008-04-13 |access-date=2012-01-22|last1=Lyon |first1=Peter }}</ref> Performance varied for the sprint from 0 to {{cvt|60|mph}}, with recorded times of 5.0-6.0 seconds depending on the source,{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}} and a governed top speed of {{convert|155|mph|abbr=on}}.
The engine was detuned to {{cvt|280|bhp|0}} when the optional automatic transmission was fitted, but an automatic-equipped car was slightly faster to accelerate to {{cvt|100|mph|0}}, taking 15.8 seconds compared to 16.3 seconds for the manual.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a43753049/1990-nissan-300zx-turbo-automatic-by-the-numbers/ |title=1990 Nissan 300ZX Turbo Automatic Widens the Appeal |first=Larry |last=Griffin |date=September 1990 |magazine=Car and Driver |access-date=27 February 2025}}</ref>
All Z32s used the same [[Multi-link suspension|multilink]] rear suspension, a design shared with other Project 901 cars.<ref name=CD-8908/> Turbo Z32s also featured adjustable two mode suspension and the [[four-wheel steering]] systems called "[[Super HICAS]]" ''(High Capacity Actively Controlled Steering)'', first introduced on the R31 [[Nissan Skyline]].
===
====North America====
American Z-car sales reached one million sales during the 1990 model year, making it at that time the best selling sports car.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zcca.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=79&Itemid=470|title=Z Cars ~ Z History|publisher=Zcca.org|access-date=2014-01-07|archive-date=7 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107182121/http://www.zcca.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=79&Itemid=470|url-status=dead}}</ref> In America the 300ZX faced the same fate of many Japanese sports cars of the time. While the 1989 300ZX was priced at around $30,000, its final model year price increased to about $50,000. The mid-1990s marketplace trends toward [[Sport utility vehicle|SUVs]] and the rising [[Yen]]:[[United States dollar|Dollar]] ratio contributed to the end of North American 300ZX sales in 1996 with over 80,000 in sales. A Commemorative Edition for the final 300 units shipped to America included decals and certificates of authenticity.
==
{{Multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| title = Nissan 300ZX 2+0 and 2+2
| width =
| image1 = 1990 Nissan 300ZX.jpg
| caption1 = 2+0 (fuel door ahead of rear axle)
| image2 = Nissan 300ZX Z32 2+2.jpg
| caption2 = 2+2 (fuel door behind rear axle)
| footer = Most notable distinguishing feature is the fuel door ___location.
| total_width =
| alt1 =
| caption_align=center
}}
In the UK and Europe, all Z32s offered were in 2+2 TT form between 1990 and 1996 (1990-1994 for UK). They were sold through dealerships in the UK, France, Germany, Belgium and Italy.
====Australia====
In Australia, all Z32s offered were in 2+2 NA form between 1990 and 1995.
====Japan====
In [[Japan]], the 300ZX continued until August 2000. The [[Japanese Domestic Market]] was offered a number of variants unavailable to the international market such as the "Version S" (Spec Model), "Version R" (Ready Model) and Slicktop Twin Turbo (the most expensive trim option only available in Version S guise).
Version S was a base grade specification that includes all necessary road trim and items as standard, such as stereo and A/C. It could be ordered with various options separately. Options were available separately by order only, and include:
* 2+0 SWB 2-Seater T-Top trim
* 2+0 SWB 2-Seater solid roof (slicktop) trim
* 2+2 LWB 4-Seater T-Top trim
* Automatic Climate Control
* Cruise Control
* 8 Way Power Drivers Seat
* 4 Way Power Passengers Seat
* Recaro Seats
* BOSE Audio
* VG30DE Naturally Aspirated Engine
* VG30DETT Twin Turbo Engine
* Super HICAS (only available on TT option)
* Anti-Lock Brake System
* Drivers Side Airbag
* Suede / Tweed / Cloth / Leather Seating
* All other available “Altia” options from order guide
Version R:
Available only on 2+2 LWB 4-Seater with the only major options being in N/A or Twin Turbo configuration, with automatic or manual transmissions, this trim came with preset options from the factory at a reduced (combined) cost, giving customers a “ready” model by which to order if they did not feel like ordering options one by one. This presented buyers with an easier choice selection and a “base model” car by which to settle for.
Standard features (for 1998) included:
* Recaro Seats
* Sideskirts
* Rear Spoiler
* Drivers Side Airbag
* Cloth Seats
* Anti-Lock Brakes
* Xenon HID Headlamps
* Cruise Control
* Automatic Climate Control
The only options were:
* Carbon / Marble Interior Trim
* Audio Equipment Package with EQ.
* Automatic or Manual Transmission
* VG30DE or VG30DETT
The aforementioned facelift of late 1998 featured a new front fascia, tail lights, optional Xenon HID headlights, optional rear spoiler, optional BBS mesh wheels, orange rear corner lights and an instrument cluster with white dials as well as other minor changes.
All JDM Z32s used a front rebar system made out of fiberglass rather than steel (like their American Market counterparts), and also had different exhaust systems with lighter weight Catalytic Converters (with only one set on the JDM Twin Turbo model vs. two sets on the USDM Twin Turbo models). Given the lack of these regulatory items, JDM Z32s often weighed 100+lbs (45+kg) less than their American specification counterparts.<ref name="Long" />
===Changes by model year===
The Z32 chassis underwent some changes during its production run between 1989 and 2000 (Japan) and 1990 to 1996 (US). The Z32's extended model year sales in 1990 reached 39,290 units.<ref name="TwinTurbo.NET-years">{{cite web|publisher=TwinTurbo.net |title=FAQ: What are the differences between model years? |date=2007 |url= http://twinturbo.net/ttnetfaq/FAQpages/differences.html |access-date=2007-02-08}}</ref>
[[File:Nissan 300ZX Z32 interior.jpg|thumb|right|300ZX (Z32) interior]]
'''1991'''
* Manual climate controls discontinued (except convertible models)
* New electronic climate controls allowed control over air flow direction, but the ambient temperature gauge was discontinued
* Air conditioner evaporator valve changed from aluminum to steel to reduce noise
* Driver-side airbag available as an option
* CD player option was added for both the TT and NA (previously only available in the NA), while the Bose stereo head unit changed
* Front brake rotors on NA models were changed to TT units (previous front rotors were 4 mm thinner)
* Brake master cylinder was changed to a new unit (February 1991)
* Nissan logo appears on front nose panel instead of a decal on the front fascia
* Hardtop coupe available mid-year (NA only)
* Floor mat logo changed from "300ZX" to "Z"
* Keyhole on driver's door and interior light illuminates green when door handle is pulled (similar to Z31)
* US Sales: 17,652 units<ref name="TwinTurbo.NET-years"/>
'''1992'''
* Driver-side airbag made standard
* Dashboard and door complementary material changed from fabric to suede
* Separate mirror heater switch eliminated (combined with rear defroster switch)
* Power adjustable driver's seat standard on T-top models
* Mirror heaters made standard, and are activated with front windshield defrost button
* US Sales: 6,708 units<ref name="TwinTurbo.NET-years"/>
'''1993'''
* Turbo oil line insulation changed
* Convertible option added
* Brake caliper material changed from aluminum to iron
* New style fuel injectors for the non-turbo, (except convertible)
* Upgraded Bose stereo made standard
* Air injection valve (AIV) system eliminated
* Non-turbo model, (except convertible), ECUs changed from 8-bit to 16-bit by [[Japan Electronic Control System Co.]]
* US Sales: 11,599 units<ref name="TwinTurbo.NET-years"/>
'''1994'''
* Rear spoiler design changed to a taller, pedestal-type
* Seat belts redesigned; attachment points moved from door mounts to pillar mounts
* Super HICAS system changed from hydraulic to electrical actuation (previously power steering actuated)
* New style fuel injectors for the convertible
* Passenger-side airbag introduced and made standard
* Keyless entry added
* Titanium keys discontinued in November 1994
* 'Reset' button removed from clock
* Off-white 'Pearl' color is dropped. Future 'Pearls' are more of a semi-metallic white
* US Sales: 5,320 units<ref name="TwinTurbo.NET-years"/>
'''1995'''
* New style fuel injectors for the twin-turbo (Less prone to failure from modern ethanol blended gasoline)
* Front fascia became body colored instead of gray strip
* Twin-turbo model ECUs changed from 8-bit to 16-bit (in late-1994 model year)
* Special 25th Anniversary gold paint available
* Version S trim level made available (Japan only)
* 16-inch BBS mesh wheels made available as an option (Japan only)
* US Sales: 3,135 units<ref name="TwinTurbo.NET-years" />
* Australian market received 40 only 25th Anniversary Editions with body enhancements including Front lower bar spoiler, grille fascia, High mount rear spoiler, rear bar lower lip, tailgate garnish, wheels and "25th Anniversary" decals.
'''1996'''
* Variable cam timing ([[N-VCT|NVTC]]) dropped due to emission regulations
* [[OBD II]] electronics introduced
* Driver's seat back rest no longer included adjustable side bolsters<ref name="TwinTurbo.NET-years"/>
* Sales: 2,929 units - the last 300 of which are the "Commemorative Edition"<ref name="ProductionNumbers">{{cite web |url= http://www.az-zbum.com/information.production.shtml |title=The US 300 ZX Production Numbers |access-date=2008-03-14 |first=Paul |last=Hillman }}</ref>
'''MY1997-1998 (Japan only)'''
* Twin-turbo front fascia adopted by all models, presumably to lower production costs
* Lift-style window switches
* Version R trim level made available
* T-top option dropped from 2+0 models
* Automatic transmission option dropped from 2+0 models
'''MY1999-2000 (Japan only)'''
* Convertible chassis dropped
* Revised manual transmission using stronger synchronizers to combat a common "soft-synchro" problem that had become apparent on earlier Z32s.
*Instrument cluster with white dials
*New front fascia
*Xenon HID headlights
*New taillights (featuring clear turn signal lenses, chrome housings and black pinstriping)
*New taillight centre panel ("300ZX" lettering in red instead of silver)
*New rear spoiler (standard on TT models, option for NA models)
*New side-skirts (Version R only)
*Door locking mechanism of convertible adopted (all models)
*Steering member bracket and support stay of convertible added to 2+2 models
*Thickness of floor panels and structural members increased for greater rigidity (all models)
*Large central cross member added for greater rigidity (Version R only)
===Tuned variants===
[[File:Tuning World Bodensee 2018, Friedrichshafen (OW1A0652).jpg|thumb|right|Post-1994 (note seatbelt attachments) 300ZX (Z32) with aftermarket accessories and graphics]]
In 1990, Motorsports International of [[Waco, Texas]] collaborated with Japanese tuning company [[HKS (company)|HKS]] to create the SR-71 Z32, named for the [[Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird]]. The cars were upgraded with larger [[Garrett AiResearch|Garrett]] turbochargers, [[HKS (company)|HKS]] electronics and a Kaminari body kit designed by [[Pete Brock]]. The SR-71 was California [[CARB]] certified and was to be sold through a select dealer network and Japanese performance tuning shops located within the United States. It was planned to build 500 cars per year through 1993. One hundred orders were already in hand, but it is claimed that just eight cars were built.<ref name=AM-2018>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.motortrend.com/news/market-watch-1990-1996-nissan-300zx-z32/ |title=Market Watch: 1990–1996 Nissan 300ZX Z32 |first=Rory |last=Jurnecka |date=July 12, 2018 |magazine=Motor Trend |access-date=27 February 2025}}</ref> The SR-71 claimed the title of the third fastest production car in the world in 1990 for a fraction of the price of a Lamborghini Diablo and Ferrari F40 according to the designer Randy Ball.{{Citation needed|date=May 2018}} The base price was $65,000 for the Z32 and SR-71 conversion.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1991-05-18/news/9102270444_1_fastest-production-car-msi-belts | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022131911/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1991-05-18/news/9102270444_1_fastest-production-car-msi-belts | url-status=dead | archive-date=22 October 2015 |title = Seen the Sr-71 Yet? Better Look Fast}}</ref>
In 1995 and 1996, [[Steve Millen]] Motorsports ([[Stillen]]), developed a SMZ model with Nissan North America that were sold throughout the U.S. and Canada through designated Nissan dealerships. The performance upgrades were covered by the factory warranty. These performance upgrades included: Skyline Group N/GT-R Brakes, which were cross drilled and axially vented rotors with larger calipers and pistons and upgraded HI-Metal front and rear brake pads; a high flow intake system, which allowed the engine to run more efficiently; an aluminized steel free flow exhaust system, which extended from the catalytic converter; and a turbocharger boost pressure increase, bringing the total output to {{cvt|365|bhp}} and {{cvt|332|lbft}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.300zxtt.co.uk/Assets/pdf/smzbrochure.pdf|title=SMZ Brochure|website=300zxtt.co.uk|access-date=2023-02-23}}</ref> Each vehicle was numbered in the engine bay and interior. A total of 104 SMZs were produced at $14,000 more than the standard Nissan Z32 Twin Turbo.<ref name=AM-2018/>
===Advertising===
[[File:James' 300zx - 005.jpg|thumb|right|300ZX (Z32) with [[T-top]]s]]
Nissan aired a commercial during [[Super Bowl XXIV]] in 1990 advertising the new Nissan 300ZX Twin Turbo. The 60-second commercial was directed by [[Ridley Scott]] and only aired once. Executives at Nissan pulled the commercial after the initial airing when they became concerned the commercial would promote street racing since the commercial features the 300ZX being faster than a sport bike, a Formula One car and a fighter jet.<ref>{{cite web|first=Jim |last=Edwards |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/tv-ads-ridley-scott-made-before-he-directed-prometheus-and-alien-2012-6?op=1 |title=TV Ads Ridley Scott Made Before He Directed 'Prometheus' |publisher=Business Insider |date=2012-06-06 |access-date=2015-12-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Alex |last=Nunez |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2007/02/04/super-bowl-xxiv-nissan-300zx-twin-turbo-commercial-by-ridley-sc/ |title=Super Bowl XXIV: Nissan 300ZX Twin Turbo commercial by Ridley Scott |publisher=Autoblog.com |date=2007-02-04 |access-date=2015-12-15}}</ref>
Another memorable 300ZX commercial is "Toys" from 1996. Inspired by the film ''[[Toy Story]]'', the commercial is set to [[Van Halen]]'s cover of "[[You Really Got Me]]" and depicts a [[G. I. Joe]]-like [[action figure]] coming to life, getting behind the wheel of a red 300ZX [[radio-controlled car]] and picking up a [[Barbie]]-like doll for a date, stealing her away from her husband, who resembles [[Ken (doll)|Ken]]. They then drive around the feet of Mr K, a caricature of former Nissan executive [[Yutaka Katayama]] acted by [[Dale Ishimoto]], who smiles as he watches them go by.<ref name = "Motor1">[https://www.motor1.com/news/73666/remember-nissans-ken-and-barbie-toy-ads-throwback-thursday/ Remember Nissan’s Ken and Barbie Toy Ads? Throwback Thursday]</ref> Toy manufacturer [[Mattel]] filed a lawsuit against [[Nissan]] in 1997, claiming the ad's use of dolls that resemble G. I. Joe, Barbie and Ken amounted to "trademark and copyright infringement" and caused "irreparable injury to Mattel's name, business reputation and goodwill."<ref name = "NYT">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/20/business/mattel-sues-nissan-over-tv-commercial.html|title=Mattel Sues Nissan Over TV Commercial|work=The New York Times |date=September 20, 1997|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> Mattel sought unspecified damages and an injunction that would pull the ad off the air.<ref name = "NYT" /> Nissan defended the ad, claiming that the dolls were named "Roxanne", "Nick" and "Tad" and that they were modeled after celebrities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mtv.com/news/1adzx7/after-aqua-mattel-goes-after-car-ad|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128220001/https://www.mtv.com/news/1adzx7/after-aqua-mattel-goes-after-car-ad|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 January 2023|title=After Aqua, Mattel Goes After Car Ad|website=MTV}}</ref> Mattel and Nissan eventually settled the lawsuit out of court and observers noted that the lawsuit ultimately just [[Streisand effect|gave Nissan and the advertisement further exposure and publicity]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lab.tier10.com/2012/11/29/throwback-thursday-nissan-1996-200-million-ad-campaign/|title=Throwback Thursday: A Look Back at Nissan's 1996 $200 Million Ad Campaign|accessdate=23 February 2023|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028013211/https://lab.tier10.com/2012/11/29/throwback-thursday-nissan-1996-200-million-ad-campaign/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Motorsports==
[[File:Racing300ZX.jpg|thumb|right|[[Paul Newman]]'s 300ZX won the 1986 Trans Am at Lime Rock for Bob Sharp Racing]]
The 300ZX was campaigned during 1984 and 1985 in showroom stock racing. The car scored a Trans Am win in 1986 at [[Lime Rock Park|Lime Rock]] by [[Paul Newman]] for Bob Sharp Racing.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stone |first1=Matt |last2=Lerner |first2=Preston |year=2009 |title=Winning: The Racing Life of Paul Newman |publisher=Motorbooks |pages=[https://archive.org/details/winningracinglif0000ston/page/75 75, 172] |isbn=9780760337066 |url=https://archive.org/details/winningracinglif0000ston/page/75 }}</ref> This would be the only Trans Am win by a 300ZX.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}
From 1985 to 1987, the Electramotive-developed [[Nissan GTP ZX-Turbo|GTP ZX-Turbo]] was raced in the [[IMSA GT Championship]]'s GTP class and also the [[All Japan Sports Prototype Championship]], badged as a Fairlady Z, using a Lola T810 chassis and a VG30ET engine. Following development through 1987, the car would become dominant in IMSA GT in 1988. Additional factory endorsement, combined with a new chassis, transmission and more reliable Goodyear tires contributed to the team's success. The SOHC VG30ET was making upwards of {{convert|1000|hp|kW|-2|abbr=on}}, with a [[power band]] that extended from 4,000 to 9,000 rpm on a single turbo.<ref name="Electromotive VG30ET power band">{{cite web|publisher=RedZ31 Dyno Charts |title=Electromotive VG30ET Power Band |url= http://redz31.net/turbofaq/dynographs/gtpzxturbodyno.jpg |access-date=2007-06-20}}</ref>
[[File:Cunningham 300ZX.jpg|thumb|right|The Clayton Cunningham Racing 300ZX which won the 1994 [[24 Hours of Daytona]] ]]
From 1990 to 1995, [[Steve Millen]] drove the twin turbo 300ZX for Clayton Cunningham Racing. The car dominated the IMSA in its GTO, then later GTS categories due to its newly designed chassis and engine. Millen would rank as the #1 Factory Driver for Nissan for 7 years and earn two IMSA GTS Driving Championships and two IMSA GTS Manufacturer's Championships. The biggest triumph for the Z32 racecar was the victory in the 1994 [[24 Hours of Daytona]]. In the [[1994 24 Hours of Le Mans]], the 300ZX ranked first in the GTS-1 class and 5th overall. In an attempt to level the playing field in the GTS-1 class by reducing the allowable horsepower, the IMSA declared the twin turbo VG engine ineligible for the 1995 season.<ref name="Konik, Michael: On the Edge">{{cite web|last=Konik |first=Michael |title=On the Edge |publisher=Cigar Aficionado Online |year=1995 |url= http://www.cigaraficionado.com/Cigar/CA_Archives/CA_Show_Article_Print/0,2812,674,00.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071013172501/http://cigaraficionado.com/Cigar/CA_Archives/CA_Show_Article_Print/0,2812,674,00.html |archive-date=2007-10-13 |access-date=2014-12-16}}</ref> The 1995 GTS 300ZX car would debut with the [[V8 engine|V8]] [[Nissan VH engine]] at Daytona<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Stillen |title=Racing Heritage 2 |url=http://www.stillen.com/page.asp?heritage2 |access-date=2007-03-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210093507/http://www.stillen.com/page.asp?heritage2 |archive-date=February 10, 2007 }}</ref> and would place first in the GTS-1 class at the [[12 Hours of Sebring]] and Moosehead Grand Prix in Halifax.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=WSPR Racing |title=Imsa 1995 |url=http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/imsa/imsa1995.html |access-date=2007-03-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230185444/http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/imsa/imsa1995.html |archive-date=December 30, 2006 }}</ref>
The JUN-BLITZ Bonneville Z32 holds the E/BMS class land speed record of 260.87 mph (419.84 km/h) set at the 1995 Bonneville Speed Trial.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} The vehicle was built as a partnership between [[JUN Auto]] and BLITZ. In 1990, JUN's first Z32 went 210.78 mph (339.2 km/h) at their Yatabe test course and hit 231.78 mph (373 km/h) after some tuning at Bonneville.<ref name="Tanaka">{{cite web|publisher=Tanaka Industrial |title=JUN Demonstration Cars |date=2005 |url= http://www.junauto.co.jp/democar/index.html?en |access-date=2007-02-08}}</ref>
==Awards and recognition==
{{More citations needed section|date=May 2021}}
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:100%;text-align:center;"
|+300ZX lists and recognition
! Year !! ''[[Motor Trend]]'' !! ''[[Road & Track]]'' !! ''[[Car and Driver]]'' !! [[Automobile magazine|''Automobile'']]
|-
! 1990
| [[Motor Trend Car of the Year|"Import Car of the Year"]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Import Car of the Year |date=March 1990 |magazine=Motor Trend}}</ref><hr/>"Top Ten Performance Cars"
| "Ten Best Cars in the World"
| [[Car and Driver 10 Best|10Best]]
| "All Stars"
|-
! 1991
| colspan=2 rowspan=6 {{N/A}}
| [[Car and Driver 10 Best|10Best]]
| "All Stars"
|-
! 1992
| [[Car and Driver 10 Best|10Best]]
| "All Stars"
|-
! 1993
| [[Car and Driver 10 Best|10Best]]
| "All Stars"
|-
! 1994
| [[Car and Driver 10 Best|10Best]]
| "All Stars"
|-
! 1995
| [[Car and Driver 10 Best|10Best]]
| rowspan=2 {{N/A}}
|-
! 1996
| [[Car and Driver 10 Best|10Best]]
|}
After the final year of U.S. sales (1996), the Z32 has continued to win awards:
* 2004: [[Automobile (magazine)|''Automobile'']] lists the Z32 as one of the 100 greatest cars of all time
* 2006: [[Automobile (magazine)|''Automobile'']] lists the Z32 on both the "20 Greatest Cars of the Past 20 years" and the "25 Most Beautiful Cars in History"
* 2010: ''[[GQ Magazine]]'' lists the Z32 as one of the most stylish cars over the past 50 years<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.gq.com/gallery/stylish-cars-1990s|title=GQ Rewinds: The Most Stylish Cars of the Past 50 Years|last=gq.com|date=2009-12-29|work=GQ|access-date=2018-05-27|language=en}}</ref>
From the year it was introduced, the Z32 has also won many comparison tests against similar sports cars, including the [[Mitsubishi GTO|Mitsubishi 3000GT/Dodge Stealth]],<ref name=CD-9108>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/comparison-test/a15140581/nissan-300zx-turbo-vs-dodge-stealth-r-t-turbo-archived-comparison-test/ |title=1991 Nissan 300ZX Turbo vs. Dodge Stealth R/T Turbo |first=Arthur |last=St. Antoine |date=August 1991 |magazine=Car and Driver |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> [[Mazda RX-7]],<ref name=MT-9204>{{cite magazine |magazine=Motor Trend |title=RX-7 vs. 3000GT vs. Corvette vs. 300ZX |date=April 1992 |pages=46–52 }}</ref> [[Chevrolet Corvette]],<ref name=CD-9002>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/comparison-test/a15112003/1991-chevrolet-corvette-z51-fx3-vs-nissan-300zx-archived-comparison-test/ |title=1991 Chevrolet Corvette Z51 FX3 vs. Nissan 300ZX Turbo |first=John |last=Phillips |date=February 1990 |magazine=Car and Driver |access-date=28 February 2025}}</ref> [[Toyota Supra]], [[Dodge Viper]], [[Porsche 944#944 S2|Porsche 944 S2]],<ref name=PS-8909>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgAAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38 |title=Two-seat heat |first=Don |last=Sherman |date=September 1989 |magazine=Popular Science |pages=38–48 |access-date=28 February 2025 |quote=Picking a winner from this group [including the RX-7 and 944 S2] is not easy. [...] But if you're a sucker for a beguiling fender, if you appreciate leading-edge technology, and you hunger for a sports car that is an absolute joy to drive, there is but one way to travel: the new Nissan 300ZX.}}</ref> and [[Porsche 968]].
==Safety==
In Australia, the 1990 to 1995 Nissan 300ZX was assessed in the Used Car Safety Ratings brochure as providing "average" protection for its occupants in the event of a crash.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Passenger vehicles built 1982-2004, 2006 update |journal=Used Car Safety Ratings |page=17 |date=June 2006 |url=http://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/NR/rdonlyres/A84147E8-69ED-488D-8E0C-3C447112AC5E/0/GDS01655UsedCarSafety_FA.pdf |issn=1176-9890 |access-date=2007-02-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927223000/http://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/NR/rdonlyres/A84147E8-69ED-488D-8E0C-3C447112AC5E/0/GDS01655UsedCarSafety_FA.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>
In the US, the [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] (NHTSA) gave the 1991-1993 300ZX 3 out of 5 stars in front driver collision crash test ratings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.safercar.gov/Vehicle+Shoppers/5-Star+Safety+Ratings/1990-2010+Vehicles/Search-Results?searchtype=model&make=NISSAN&model=300ZX&year= |title=Nissan 300ZX 2-DR. Hatchback |publisher=safercar.gov |access-date=2015-12-15}}</ref>
==Trivia==
Between 1999 and 2001, the Nissan 300ZX (Z32)'s headlights were also used under license on the [[Lamborghini Diablo#Facelift (1999–2001)|Lamborghini Diablo]], replacing its original pop-up lights.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.carscoops.com/2017/01/did-lamborghini-diablo-really-have/|title=Did The Lamborghini Diablo Really Have Nissan Headlights?| first = Michael | last = Karkafiris | magazine=Car Scoops|date=27 January 2017}}</ref>
==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}
===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Jackson-JSC | pages=6–11, 44–51}}
{{Refend}}
==External links==
{{
* [http://www.nissanusa.com/about/heritage/ Nissan USA: Inside Nissan - Heritage]
{{Nissan Z-cars}}
{{Nissan Sportscar Racers}}
{{Nissan}}
{{Modern North American Nissan vehicles}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nissan 300zx}}
[[Category:Nissan vehicles|300ZX]]
[[Category:Rear
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Hatchbacks]]
[[Category:
[[Category:1990s
[[Category:Sports cars]]
[[Category:2+2 coupés]]
[[Category:Cars introduced in 1983]]
[[Category:Cars discontinued in 2000]]
[[Category:Cars of South Africa]]
| |||