Help:Score: Difference between revisions

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{{Wikipedia how-to|H:SCORE}}

{{redirect|WP:SCORE|information about how to format the score results of competitions|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers#Numbers as figures or words}}

The {{tag|score}} element in wikitext displays a musical score out of GNU [[LilyPond]] (the default) or [[ABC notation|ABC]] markup syntax. It also produces a [[Help:Media (MIDI)|MIDI file]] of the music and optionally displays an audio player that plays the music. It is implemented by the [[mw:Extension:Score|Score extension]] for [[MediaWiki]], available across Wikipedia languages.

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[gbd']2 [gbd']2 | % square brackets create chords (not supported by abc2ly)

b (ag^e) | % parentheses create slurs

=e3/2 z/2 z/2 c/2-c % z creates rests; -– creates ties

!tenuto!=B LB .B HB % see standard section "Decorations" (not supported by abc2ly)

|]

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=== Pitch ===

To display a note, type the letter (<code>a b c</code> etc.) Separate each letter with a space. The bare note name refers to the natural note irrespective of key signature (see "setting the key" below).

These letters are as in English and Dutch, not as in German and many other continental languages (FYI: continental b means b flat and continental h means b -– if you find that confusing, forget it).

Sharps and flats are formed by using the Dutch and German suffixes "is" and "es" respectively. To avoid "ees", the note E{{Music|flat}} is simply written as <code>es</code>. The simple [[Accidental (music)|accidental]]s are thus <code>ais bis cis dis eis fis gis</code> for the sharps and <code>aes bes ces des es fes ges</code> for the flats. English language editors may prefer to include the line <code>\language "english"</code> in the script, after which <code>s</code> for sharp and <code>f</code> for flat can be used: <code>as bs cs ds es fs gs</code> and <code>af bf cf df ef ff gf</code>. Double sharps are formed with the suffix <code>isis</code> and double flats with <code>eses</code>, or in English notation with <code>ss</code> or <code>x</code> and <code>ff</code>. Semi-sharps, -flats and sesqui-sharps and -flats are also supported in both English and German. See: [[#Accidentals]].

By default, each note name refers to the note below middle C. For example, '''<code>ca</code>''' would be displayed as <score>\new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" }{ca}</score> or <score>\new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" }{\clef bass ca}</score>.

Use the apostrophe (<code>'</code>) to go up an octave and a comma (<code>,</code>) to go an octave down. Middle C would be '''<code>c'</code>''' <score>\new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" }{ c'}</score>.

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}

</score>

The <code>\transposition</code> command is mainly intended for scores that incolveinvolve transposing instruments not set in concert pitch.

<syntaxhighlight lang="lilypond">

<score sound="1">

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\new ChordNames \chordmode {

\set chordChanges = ##t % Only display chord when there is a change (e.g., don't repeat the Am here)

a4:m a4:m |% measure 1 -– A7 would be a:7

g2 |% measure 2

}

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=== Accents and other symbols ===

There are a number of symbols to attach to notes, such as <code>\fermata-^</code>. There are also <code>{e-> f-- g-+ a-. b-^\fermata c-_ d-!}</code>

<syntaxhighlight lang="lilypond">

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\relative c' {

e-> f-- g-+ a-.

b-^\fermata c-_ d-! e\fermata-^

}

</score>

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\relative c' {

e-> f-- g-+ a-.

b-^\fermata c-_ d-! e\fermata-^

}

</score>

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</score>

</syntaxhighlight>

|renders= {{:The Rite of Spring|sacrificialdancescore}}

|renders=<score sound="1"> { \new PianoStaff << \new Staff \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef treble \tempo 8 = 126 \time 3/16 r16 <d c a fis d>\f-! r16\fermata | \time 2/16 r <d c a fis d>-! \time 3/16 r <d c a fis d>8-! | r16 <d c a fis d>8-! | \time 2/8 <d c a fis>16-! <e c bes g>->-![ <cis b aes f>-! <c a fis ees>-!] } \new Staff \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef bass \time 3/16 d,16-! <bes'' ees,>-! r\fermata | \time 2/16 <d,, d,>-! <bes'' ees,>-! | \time 3/16 d16-! <ees cis>8-! | r16 <ees cis>8-! | \time 2/8 d16\sf-! <ees cis>-!->[ <d c>-! <d c>-!] } >> } </score>

}}

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</score>

For more intricate details, see [http://lilypond.org/doc/v2.22/Documentation/notation/setting-the-staff-size "Setting the staff size"] in the LilyPond manual.

===Overall size===

A simpler method to change the overall size of a score is to use the [[CSS]] property <code>zoom</code>. Using <code><nowiki><div style="zoom: 70%;"></nowiki></code>, the above example renders as:

<div style="zoom: 70%;"><score sound>

{ \new ChoirStaff <<

\new Staff <<

\new Voice \relative c'' { \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 8 = 120 \stemUp \clef treble \key fis \minor \time 3/8 s4. | <gis' dis>8^.^( <gis dis>^. <gis dis>^.) | s4. | <fis cis>8^.^( <fis cis>^. <fis cis>^.) | s4. | fis16^( eis dis cis) <b' gis>8^. | <a fis>^. r r | s4 }

\new Voice \relative c'' { \stemDown cis8[ d] cis | bis4. | b!32_([ cis d16 cis8)] b | ais4. | b8 a![_( gis)] | a fis[_( eis)] | fis \grace { e(} d4) | cis } \addlyrics { Buß - und Reu,– Buß4 und8 Reu– knirscht das Sün- den- herz ent- zwei }

\new Staff \relative c { \clef bass \key fis \minor \time 3/8 fis4.~_"Bar 13" | fis8 gis16( fis eis dis) | eis4. | e!8 fis16( e d cis) | d8( cis b) | cis4.~ | cis8 b16( a gis fis) | eis ^"173 bars"}

>> >> }

</score></div>

==Image frame==

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For example:

:<syntaxhighlight lang="xmlwikitext">{{Image frame

|content = <score>

\relative c' {

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{{tl|Image frame}} may also be used to group score images together. The text below creates the group of images to the right:

<syntaxhighlight lang="xmlwikitext">

{{Image frame|content=<score>

{

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== See also ==

{{wikisourcehasWikisource-multi|caption=[[Wikisource]] has complementary help pages at|[[s:Help:Sheet music|Help:Sheet music]]LilyPond}}

* [[Wikipedia:Lyrics and poetry]]

* [[Special:PagesWithProp/score]], pages where {{Tag|score}} is used, or [[:Category:Pages using the Score extension]]

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* [[s:de:Benutzer:Sinuhe20/Spielwiese|Sinuhe20/Spielwiese]] presents dozens of helpful examples, even for those who cannot read the German headings.

* A collection demonstrating some advanced features of LilyPond are at [[User:Michael Bednarek/LilyPond]].

* The German Tutorial [[Wikiversity:de:Kurs:Lilypond für Wikis]] waiting to be translated into English.

**[https://de-m-wikiversity-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kurs:Lilypond_f%C3%BCr_Wikis?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=de&_x_tr_pto=wapp Translated by Google]

== External links ==