#REDIRECT party_name = [[Fascist National Party |]]▼
{{Fascism}}
{{Infobox_Italy_Former_Political_Party |
▲ party_name = Fascist National Party |
party_name_italian = Partito Nazionale Fascista |
party_logo = [[Image:National Fascist Party logo.jpg|center|150px]]|
party_status = Former Italian National Party |
newspaper = ''[[Il Popolo d'Italia]]'' |
ideology = [[Fascism]] |
website = N/A
}}
The '''Fascist National Party''' (''Partito Nazionale Fascista''; PNF) was an [[Italy|Italian]] party, created by [[Benito Mussolini]] as the political expression of [[Fascism]] (previously represented by groups known as ''[[Fascio|Fasci]]''; ''see also [[Italian fascism]]'').
It is currently the only party whose reformation is explicitly banned by the [[Constitution of Italy]].
==History==
Founded in [[Rome]] on [[November 7]] [[1921]], it marked the transformation of the [[paramilitary]] ''[[Fasci Italiani di Combattimento]]'' into a more coherent political group (the ''Fasci di Combattimento'' had been founded by Mussolini in [[Milan]]'s Piazza San Sepolcro, on [[March 23]] [[1919]]).
The PNF was instrumental in directing and popularizing support for Mussolini's ideology. It was the main agent of the [[coup d'état]] attempted as the [[October 28]] [[1922]] [[March on Rome]] (although a parallel agreement between Mussolini and [[King of Italy|King]] [[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy|Victor Emmanuel III]] was arguably more important).
After the drastic modifying of electoral legislation (the ''[[Acerbo Law]]''), the PNF clearly won the highly controversial elections of April [[1924]]. Legislation passed in [[1928]] made it the only legal party of the country, a situation which lasted until [[1943]].
The party was dissolved upon the arrest of Mussolini after the coup inside the [[Grand Fascist Council]], led by [[Dino Grandi]] on [[July 24]] 1943. It was officially banned by [[Pietro Badoglio]]'s government on [[July 27]].
After the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]]-engineered [[Unternehmen Eiche]] liberated Mussolini in September, the PNF was revived as the '''Republican Fascist Party''' (''Partito Fascista Repubblicano'' - PFR; [[September 13]]), as the single party of the Northern and Nazi-protected [[Italian Social Republic]] (the ''[[Salò]] Republic''). Its secretary was [[Alessandro Pavolini]]. The PFR did not outlast Mussolini's execution and the disappearance of the Salò state in April [[1945]].
==Secretaries of the PNF==
* [[Michele Bianchi]] (November 1921 - January 1923)
* ''multiple presidency'' (January 1923 - October 1923)
: ''[[Triumvirate]]'': Michele Bianchi, [[Nicola Sansanelli]], [[Giuseppe Bastianini]]
* [[Francesco Giunta]] (October 15 1923 - April 22 1924)
* ''multiple presidency'' (April 23 1924 - February 15 1925)
: ''[[Quattuorvirate]]'': [[Roberto Forges Davanzati]], [[Cesare Rossi]], [[Giovanni Marinelli]], [[Alessandro Melchiorri]]
* [[Roberto Farinacci]] (February 15 1925 - March 30 1926)
* [[Augusto Turati]] (March 30 1926 - October 7 1930)
* [[Giovanni Giuriati]] (October 1930 - December 1931)
* [[Achille Starace]] (December 1931 - October 31 1939)
* [[Ettore Muti]] (October 31 1939 - October 30 1940)
* [[Adelchi Serena]] (October 30 1940 - December 26 1941)
* [[Aldo Vidussoni]] (December 26 1941 - April 19 1943)
* [[Carlo Scorza]] (April 19 1943 - July 25 1943)
{{Historical Italian political parties}}
[[Category:Political parties established in 1921]]
[[Category:1945 disestablishments]]
[[Category:Fascist parties]]
[[Category:Italian Fascism]]
[[Category:Political parties in Italy]]
[[Category:Parties of single-party systems|Fascist]]
[[de:Partito Nazionale Fascista]]
[[es:Partido Nacional Fascista]]
[[fr:Parti national fasciste]]
[[it:Partito Nazionale Fascista]]
[[ja:ファシスト党]]
[[pl:Narodowa Partia Faszystowska]]
[[pt:Partido Nacional Fascista]]
[[fi:Partito Nazionale Fascista]]
[[sv:Partito Nazionale Fascista]]
[[tr:Nasyonel Faşist Parti]]
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