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Template:Linked-title is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). There are 257 days remaining.
Events
- 1506 - The cornerstone of the current St. Peter's Basilica is laid.
- 1518 - Bona Sforza is crowned as queen consort of Poland.
- 1775 - Two lanterns were hung from the steeple of the Old North Church in Boston, Massachusetts. Paul Revere, William Dawes and Samuel Prescott ride to warn of impending arrests of Samuel Adams and John Hancock and seizure of weapons.
- 1797 - Battle of Neuwied resulted in the victory of French under General Louis Lazare Hoche against Austrians under General Wermecek.
- 1880 - A F4 tornado strikes Marshfield, Missouri, killing 99 people and injuring 100.
- 1899 - St. Andrew's Ambulance Association is granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria.
- 1906 - An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.9, destroys much of San Francisco, California. (See 1906 San Francisco earthquake)
- 1906 - The Los Angeles Times runs a front-page story on the Azusa Street Revival, launching Pentecostalism as a worldwide movement.
- 1915 - French pilot Roland Garros was shot down and glided to a landing on the German side of the lines during World War I.
- 1923 - Yankee Stadium, "The House that Ruth Built", opens.
- 1942 - World War II: The Doolittle Raid on Tokyo occurs.
- 1942 - Pierre Laval becomes Prime Minister of Vichy France.
- 1943 - World War II: "Operation Peacock", Isoroku Yamamoto is killed when his aircraft is shot down by U.S. fighers over the Solomon Islands.
- 1945 - World War II: Over 1,000 bombers attack the small island of Heligoland, Germany, leaving nothing standing.
- 1946 - The League of Nations is dissolved.
- 1949 - The Republic of Ireland Act comes into force.
- 1954 - Gamal Abdal Nasser seizes power in Egypt.
- 1958 - A U.S. federal court rules that poet Ezra Pound be released from an insane asylum.
- 1961 - CONCP is founded in Casablanca as a united front of African movements opposing Portuguese colonial rule.
- 1974 - Prime Minister Pakistan, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto inaugurates Lahore Dry port.
- 1974 - Italian prosecutor Mario Sossi is kidnapped by the Red Brigades.
- 1980 - The Republic of Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) comes into being, with Canaan Banana as the country's first President.
- 1983 - A suicide bomber destroys the United States embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killing 63 people.
- 1987 - Mike Schmidt joins the 500 home run club.
- 1988 - U.S. launches Operation Praying Mantis against Iranian naval forces in retaliation for damage to the USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58) in the Persian Gulf during Operation Earnest Will. The one-day action is the world's largest naval battle since World War II.
- 1992 - General Abdul Rashid Dostum revolted against President Mohammad Najibullah of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and allied with Ahmed Shah Massoud to capture Kabul.
- 1993 - President of Pakistan, Ghulam Ishaq Khan dissolves the National Assembly and dismisses Cabinet.
- 1996 - In Lebanon, at least 106 Lebanese civilians are killed when the Israel Defense Forces shell the UN compound at Qana (see Qana Massacre).
- 2005 - Adobe Systems announced an agreement to acquire Macromedia in a stock swap valued at about $3.4 billion on the last trading day before the announcement.
Births
- 1480 - Lucrezia Borgia, Florentine ruler and daughter of Pope Alexander VI (d. 1519)
- 1580 - Thomas Middleton, English dramatist (d. 1627)
- 1590 - Ahmed I, Ottoman Emperor (d. 1617)
- 1605 - Giacomo Carissimi, Italian composer (d. 1674)
- 1771 - Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg, Austrian field marshal (d. 1820)
- 1772 - David Ricardo, English economist (d. 1823)
- 1797 - Adolphe Thiers, French statesman (d. 1877)
- 1819 - Franz von Suppé, Austrian composer (d. 1895)
- 1838 - Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, French scientist (d. 1912)
- 1857 - Clarence Darrow, American attorney (d. 1938)
- 1863 - Leopold Graf Berchtold, Austro-Hungarian foreign minister (d. 1942)
- 1864 - Richard Harding Davis, American author (d. 1916)
- 1874 - Oskar Ernst Bernhardt, German author (d. 1941)
- 1875 - Ivana Brlic-Mazuranic, Croatian writer (d. 1938)
- 1880 - Sam Crawford, baseball player (d. 1968)
- 1882 - Leopold Stokowski, Polish conductor (d. 1977)
- 1888 - Duffy Lewis, baseball player (d. 1979)
- 1893 - Violette Morris, French athlete (d. 1944)
- 1897 - Ardito Desio, Italian topographer (d. 2001)
- 1902 - Giuseppe Pella, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1981)
- 1902 - Menachem Mendel Schneerson, Hasidic Judaism leader (d. 1994)
- 1904 - Pigmeat Markham, American comedian (d. 1981)
- 1905 - George H. Hitchings, American scientist, Nobel laureate (d. 1998)
- 1907 - Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian-born composer (d. 1995)
- 1915 - Joy Gresham, American writer (d. 1960)
- 1917 - Ty LaForest, Canadian baseball player (d. 1947)
- 1918 - Cliff Hillegass, American publisher (d. 2001)
- 1921 - Jean Richard, French actor (d. 2001)
- 1924 - Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown, American musician (d. 2005)
- 1924 - Henry Hyde, American politician
- 1927 - Samuel P. Huntington, American political scientist
- 1930 - Clive Revill, New Zealand born actor
- 1936 - Tommy Ivo, American race car driver
- 1939 - Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran
- 1939 - Thomas J. Moyer, American judge
- 1940 - Joseph L. Goldstein, American scientist, Nobel laureate
- 1945 - Margaret Hassan, Irish-born aid worker (d. 2004)
- 1946 - Hayley Mills, English actress
- 1947 - Kathy Acker, American author (d. 1997)
- 1947 - Dorothy Lyman, American actress
- 1947 - Cindy Pickett, American actress
- 1947 - James Woods, American actor
- 1947 - Herbert Mullin, American serial killer
- 1949 - Geoff Bodine, American race car driver
- 1951 - Ricardo Fortaleza, Australian-Filipino retired boxer
- 1954 - Rick Moranis, Canadian comedian
- 1956 - Anna Kathryn Holbrook, American actress
- 1956 - Eric Roberts, American actor
- 1956 - Melody Thomas Scott, American actress
- 1958 - Malcolm Marshall, West Indian cricketer (d. 1999)
- 1961 - Jane Leeves, British actress
- 1961 - Steve Lombardi, American professional wrestler
- 1963 - Eric McCormack, Canadian actor
- 1963 - Conan O'Brien, American comedian
- 1991 - Trevor Babbitt American Lion Tamer
- 1964 - Niall Ferguson, British historian
- 1964 - Rithy Panh, Cambodian film director
- 1965 - Rob Stenders, Dutch radio discjockey
- 1966 - Trine Hattestad, Norwegian athlete
- 1967 - Maria Bello, American actress
- 1968 - David Hewlett, Canadian actor
- 1969 - Princess Sayako of Japan
- 1969 - Keith R.A. DeCandido, American author
- 1970 - Greg Eklund, American musician (Everclear)
- 1971 - Tamara Braun, American actress
- 1971 - David Tennant, Scottish actor
- 1971 - Oleg Petrov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1972 - Eli Roth, American film director
- 1973 - Derrick Brooks, American football player
- 1973 - Haile Gebrselassie, Ethiopian athlete
- 1974 - Mark Tremonti, American musician
- 1976 - Melissa Joan Hart, American actress
- 1976 - Fayray, Japanese singer
- 1979 - Vahid Rahbani, Iranian actor and director
- 1979 - Michael Bradley, American basketball player
- 1979 - Matthew Upson, English footballer
- 1979 - Kourtney Kardashian, American reality series star
- 1979 - Anthony Davidson, British formula 1 driver
- 1980 - Robyn Regehr, Canadian hockey player
- 1981 - Audrey Tang, Taiwanese software programmer
- 1983 - Miguel Cabrera, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player
- 1984 - America Ferrera, American actress
- 1985 - Łukasz Fabiański, Polish football player
- 1986 - Denice Klarskov, Danish porn star
- 1989 - Alia Shawkat, American actress
Deaths
- 1161 - Theobald of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury
- 1552 - John Leland, English antiquarian (b. 1502)
- 1556 - Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet (b. 1495)
- 1567 - Wilhelm von Grumbach, German adventurer (b. 1503)
- 1558 - Roxelana, wife of Suleiman the Magnificent
- 1636 - Julius Caesar, English judge
- 1650 - Simonds d'Ewes, English antiquarian (b. 1602)
- 1674 - John Graunt, English statistician (b. 1620)
- 1689 - George Jeffreys, British Chief Justice (b. 1648)
- 1794 - Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1714)
- 1796 - Johan Wilcke, Swedish physicist (b. 1732)
- 1802 - Erasmus Darwin, English physician and botanist (b. 1731)
- 1873 - Justus von Liebig, German chemist (b. 1803)
- 1898 - Gustave Moreau, French painter (b. 1826)
- 1906 - Luis Martín, Spanish Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1846)
- 1917 - Vladimir Serbsky, Russian psychiatrist (b. 1858)
- 1935 - Panait Istrati, Romanian writer (b. 1884)
- 1936 - Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer (b. 1879)
- 1942 - Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American socalite (b. 1875)
- 1943 - Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese admiral. (b. 1884)
- 1945 - John Ambrose Fleming, English physicist and engineer (b. 1849)
- 1945 - Ernie Pyle, American journalist (b. 1900)
- 1947 - Josef Tiso, Slovakian leader (b. 1887)
- 1955 - Albert Einstein, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879)
- 1964 - Ben Hecht, American writer (b. 1894)
- 1965 - Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican inventor (b. 1917)
- 1967 - Karl Miller, German footballer (b. 1913)
- 1990 - Gory Guerrero, wrestler (b. 1921)
- 1993 - Masahiko Kimura, Famous Judoka (b. 1917)
- 1995 - Arturo Frondizi, President of Argentina (b. 1908)
- 1996 - Piet Hein, Danish mathematician (b. 1905)
- 1996 - Brook Berringer, American football player (b. 1973)
- 1996 - Bernard Edwards, American record producer (b. 1952)
- 1998 - Terry Sanford, American politician (b. 1917)
- 2002 - Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer (b. 1914)
- 2002 - Wahoo McDaniel, American football player and wrestler (b. 1938)
- 2003 - Edgar F. Codd, English computer scientist (b. 1923)
- 2003 - Daijiro Kato, Japanese motorcycle racer (b. 1976)
- 2004 - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, first Prime Minister of Fiji and President of Fiji (b. 1920)
- 2005 - Sam Mills, American football linebacker (b. 1959)
Holidays and observances
Liturgical feasts
In the Roman Catholic Church:
- Saint Apollonius (d. 185/6)
- Saint Eusebius (d. 526)
- Saint Galdino (d. 1176)
- Saint Perfecto (d. 850)
- Saint Timon
- Saint Ursmarus (d. 713)
- Saint Werner (d. 1287)
- Blessed Idesbald van der Gracht (d. 1167), patron saint of fishermen and Flemish nobility
- Saint Agia (Aya) (d. 707)
- Saint Emma