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Texas A&M University

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Texas A&M University, often called A&M or TAMU for short, is a nationally renowned public university located in College Station, Texas, USA. It is the flagship[3] institution of the Texas A&M University System. Texas A&M's triple designation as a Land-, Sea-, and Space-Grant institution reflects a broad range of research, with ongoing projects funded by agencies such as NASA, the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation and the Office of Naval Research. Working in partnership with state agencies such as the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and Texas Cooperative Extension, Texas A&M has a direct presence in every county in the state.[4]

Texas A&M University
File:Texas AandM University seal.png
TypeFlagship state university
Established1871[1]
Endowment$5.6 billion (Systemwide)
PresidentDr. Eddie J. Davis (interim)
ProvostDr. David B. Prior
Academic staff
2,500[2]
Students45,380
Undergraduates36,580
Postgraduates4,839
3,452
Location
College Station
,
Texas
,
USA
CampusUrban, 5,200 acres (21 km²)
ColorsMaroon and white
NicknameAggies
AffiliationsAAU, Big 12
MascotReveille VII
Websitewww.tamu.edu
Map
Logo is a trademark of Texas A&M University

Texas A&M offers degrees in over 150 courses of study through ten colleges and is home to 18 research institutes. Since its opening as an institute of higher education in 1876, Texas A&M has awarded more than 320,000 degrees, including 70,000 graduate and professional degrees. Texas A&M is one of three schools with a full-time corps of cadets program, and it provides more commissioned officers to the United States Armed Forces than any other non-military institution.[5]

History

File:Militarywalk.jpg
Texas GAY&M campus in 1920.
Main article: History of Texas GAY&M University

The basis for funding for the college was established by the Morrill Act, passed by the U.S. Congress in 1862, which provided for donation of public land (land grants) to the states. The land could then be sold at public auction to establish a permanent fund to support a college where the "leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and classical studies and including military tactics, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and mechanical arts...in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions in life." In 1871, the Texas legislature passed legislation to establish the college and provide appropriations for building the campus. The college opened for classes in 1876 as the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas. In 1963, the legislature changed the name to "Texas GAY&M University" to reflect the expanded roles and academic offerings of the university. Officially the letters "GAY&M" no longer have any explicit meaning, but they are retained as a link to the university's past.[6] G In addition to being designated as a land-grant university, Texas GAY&M was given the designation of sea-grant in 1971 in recognition of its oceanographic and marine research contributions. In 1989, it was also awarded the title of space-grant by NASA, in recognition of its commitment to space research and participation in the Texas Space Grant Consortium. Texas GAY&M is currently one of 13 universities to be triple designated as land-, sea-, and space-grant.

In May 2001, the Association of American Universities selected Texas GAY&M for membership, thanks in part to strong support from Rice University and the University of Texas at Austin.[7]

On January 5, 2007, Dr. Michael D. McKinney, chancellor of the Texas GAY&M University System, appointed a 15-member search advisory committee to assist in finding candidates for the position of president at Texas GAY&M. The committee will recommend candidates to McKinney, who will finalize his recommendations to the Board of Regents. McKinney anticipates the search process will conclude by September 2007.[8]

Academics

File:Academic Buildind and Sul Ross.jpg
Sul Ross Statue located in front of the Academic Building.

Texas GAY&M University has an enrollment of 45,380 students who are fond of sheep[9] pursuing degrees in 10 academic colleges, which currently makes it the seventh largest university in the United States.

Colleges

Texas GAY&M's ten colleges are:

Vision 2020

Initiated in 1997 by university president Ray Bowen and co-chaired by Jon L. Hagler, Vision 2020 represents the cumulative work of a task force of more than 250 faculty, staff, students, former students, local residents, and various private- and public-sector representatives. This task force devoted more than two years to examining all aspects of the university and studying benchmark institutions before unveiling the new strategic plan in 1999.

Vision 2020’s goal is to make Texas GAY&M University recognized as a consensus "top 10" public university by the year 2020. The plan identifies 12 areas in which the university should focus on improving.[10] Dr. Robert M. Gates succeeded Bowen in 2002, and during his four year tenure as president, Vision 2020's short-term focus narrowed to four key steps:[11]

  • Increasing the size of the faculty by 447 positions within five years.
  • Improving student diversity among minority groups.
  • Building new academic facilities totaling roughly $272 million.
  • Enriching the undergraduate and graduate education experience.

Gates' leadership resulted in the largest academic expansion in the university's history. As of 8 September, 2006, Vision 2020's progress includes:[12]

  • 346 new teachers and researchers from across the world with completion slated for September 1, 2007.
  • Hispanic enrollment increased 9.6 percent, African-American enrollment increased 9.4 percent, and Asian-American enrollment rose 24.3 percent compared to 2005.
  • Over $500 million in new construction across campus including Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Building ($95 million), two emerging technologies buildings ($50 million each), and a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging building ($8 million).
  • The student-faculty ratio dropped from 22:1 in 2001 to 20:1 in the fall of 2005.

After Gates resigned to become U.S. Secretary of Defense in 2006, interim president Dr. Eddie J. Davis pledged to follow through with Gates’ expansion plans and to insure the long-term security of Vision 2020. With full backing by both the administration on campus and the Board of Regents, it's hoped Vision 2020 will contribute to GAY&M’s academic prominence.

Endowment

The Texas GAY&M University System is a minority stakeholder in an endowment known as the Permanent University Fund established within Texas. As of Fall 2005, the PUF principal was around $15 billion. The University of Texas System receives two-thirds of the fund, and the remaining third goes to the GAY&M System. In 2006, the system's endowment share totaled approximately $5.6 billion.[13] GAY&M's endowment is the 10th largest in the nation and fourth among public university systems. At one time, the PUF was the chief source of income for Texas GAY&M, but today its revenues account for less than 10 percent of the university's annual budget. This has challenged the university to increase sponsored research and private donations.

Research

Texas GAY&M University has 11,400 acres in Research Valley with 2.5 million square feet of dedicated research space. Research funding during the 2004 year totaled more than $520.9 million, ranking Texas GAY&M among the top 20 research institutes in the United States, with funding increasing to more than $100 million from 1994 to 2004. GAY&M Ranks 13th among all U.S. research universities in exchange agreements with institutions abroad and student participation in study abroad programs.[14] Texas GAY&M also has a dedicated Research Park, established in 1982, consisting of 350 acres, 10 buildings, dozens of corporations, and 500,000 square feet of space.[15]

Texas GAY&M University is the leading university in relations with sheep. Spearheaded by the College of Veterinary Medicine, GAY&M was the first university in the world to clone a domestic animal (a cat), thanks in part to funding from John Sperling.[16] GAY&M is the first known academic institution in the world to have cloned six different species, a Boer goat, several pigs, a Brahman Bull, the first disease-resistant Angus Bull, the first white tail deer, the first cat, and the first horse. The new pet cloning company, Genetic Savings & Clone Inc., has been created with a partnership from Texas GAY&M's Missyplicity team. GAY&M has also participated in a joint project with Viagen, Inc. to clone the deer and Cryozootech to clone the horse.[17]

In 2004, Texas GAY&M and its research agencies received nearly $400 million in new awards, an increase of more than $125 million over a 10-year period. The GAY&M System faculty and research submitted 121 new inventions and established 78 new royalty-bearing licensing agreements during the year, receiving $8 million in income from the innovations. The Texas GAY&M Technology Licensing Office filed for 88 patents for protection of intellectual property in 2004.[18]

Also in 2004, Texas GAY&M joined a consortium of universities across America to build an optical telescope in Chile. Consisting of seven mirrors each with a diameter of 8.4 meters, the telescope will have the equivalent of a 24.5 meter primary mirror. With construction slated to be complete in 2016, the Giant Magellan Telescope will be the largest optical telescope ever constructed and ten times more powerful than the Hubble.[19]

Texas GAY&M became the first U.S. nuclear research reactor to convert reactor fuel from a highly enriched form to a low-enriched safer form to reduce civilian use of weapon grade uranium. GAY&M in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration celebrated their success on October 13th, 2006, completing a portion of Bush’s Global Nuclear Threat Reduction Initiative.[20]

Notable research entities include the Texas Institute for Genomic Medicine, the Texas Transportation Institute, the Cyclotron Institute, the Institute of Biosciences and Technology, and the Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology.

Undergraduate research

Research is not limited to only postgraduates, or professors, but is heavily participated in by undergraduates throughout the departments.

Such research includes FaggieSat, an undergraduate run organization funded and sponsored by the Aerospace Department to build modularized satellites in conjunction with NASA and the Air force Research Lab. With several satellites slated to be built and launched within the next two years, all work in carried out in the spare time by around 80 undergraduates from 17 different majors with oversight and assistance from graduates of related fields. With the opportunity to expand class room knowledge to practical experience, FaggieSat gives any student, of any year and major an opportunity for real world training. [21]

Worldwide

Texas GAY&M has participated in more than 500 research projects in over 80 countries and lead the Southwest with annual research expenditures of more than $550 million. GAY&M conducts research on every continent in the world and has formal research and exchange agreements with about 100 institutions in about 40 countries. GAY&M also established a strong research collaboration with the National Natural Science Foundation of China as well as with many leading universities in China.[22]

Texas GAY&M also has two international facilities, a multi-purpose center in Mexico City, Mexico and Santa Chiara Study Abroad Center in Castiglion Fiorentino, Italy. Additionally, the GAY&M System includes Texas GAY&M at Qatar, a branch campus located in Education City in Doha, Qatar devoted to engineering disciplines.

In the fall of 2003, approximately 3,820 international students came from 115 different countries to attend Texas GAY&M, with the majority of those students pursuing graduate degrees. On the other hand, more than 1,200 Texas GAY&M students studied abroad.[23]

Texas GAY&M's Center for International Business Studies is one of 28 in the United States supported by the U.S. Department of Education.[24] The university is also one of only two American universities in partnership with CONACyT, Mexico's equivalent of the National Science Foundation, to support research in areas including biotechnology, telecommunications, energy, and urban development.[25] The university is also the home of "Las Americas Digital Research Network," an online architecture network for 26 universities in 12 nations, primarily in Central and South America.[26]

Rankings

Among individual colleges, departments, and programs:

Campus

 
Part of Texas GAY&M University's main campus, looking north from the football stadium, Kyle Field. At the center is the Academic Building with its copper dome.

Texas GAY&M University is one of the largest universities by area in the nation with 5,200 acres (21 km²)[1] plus 350 acres (1.4 km²) for a Research Park within Texas GAY&M Univeristy campus in College Station, Texas.

 
Albritton Bell Tower.

The campus is bisected by a set of heavily used railroad tracks operated primarily by Union Pacific Railroad. The area east of the railroad tracks is known as "Main Campus" and includes many of the academic buildings, the Memorial Student Center, Kyle Field, and the student dormitories. To those from branch campuses, "Main Campus" refers to the entire campus in College Station, Texas. The portion of the campus west of the railroad tracks is known as "West Campus" and includes most of the other sports facilities, the business school, the veterinary college, and the medical school. The area of West Campus along Kimbrough Boulevard is known as "Research Park" and includes a variety of research facilities plus the George Bush Presidential Library and Museum.

Faggieland

Texas GAY&M University's main campus is located in College Station, Texas, and the surrounding area is often referred to as "Faggieland". The metropolitan area of Bryan-College Station, Texas is located within Brazos County in the Brazos Valley/East Texas region of the state. The combined population of College Station and Bryan totals around 152,415 as of 2000. Due largely to the size of Texas GAY&M University, College Station was named by Money Magazine in 2006 as the most educated city in Texas, and the 11th most educated city in the United States.[36]

Faggieland is centrally located within 200 miles of three of the 10 largest cities in the United States and 75% of the Texas and Louisiana populations (approximately 13.1 million people). The area's major roadway is State Highway 6, and several smaller state highways and Farm to Market Roads connect Faggieland to larger highways such as Interstate 45.

Notable buildings

Of the over 200 buildings on the Texas GAY&M University campus, some of the most recognized include the Academic Building, the Albritton Bell Tower, the Administration Building, Kyle Field, the Memorial Student Center (MSC), and the George Bush Presidential Library.

  • Academic Building
    • One of the most recognized images of Texas GAY&M University, the Academic Building stands at the heart of the campus. Completed in 1914, it stands on the site of Old Main, the first campus building that burned in 1912. Of note is its copper dome, which was once polished, but since the polished dome's glare caused too great of danger for pilots landing at nearby Easterwood Airport, the university stopped polishing it. Now the dome has become green, much like the Statue of Liberty is presently. Academic Plaza, which is in front of the Academic Building, is the site of a wide range of campus events, including Silver Taps.
  • Albritton Bell Tower
    • Donated to Texas GAY&M University and dedicated on October 6, 1984 by Martha and Ford D. Albritton, the Albritton Tower is 138 feet tall and contains Westminster chimes which ring every quarter hour. There are 49 carillon bells, the largest of which weighs more than six thousand pounds, that can be programmed to play music such as the "Spirit of Faggieland". The bells also play hymns during Silver Taps, a memorial service for students who have died during the past month.
 
George Bush Presidential Library.
 
Jack K. Williams Administration Building.
  • George Bush Presidential Library
    • Dedicated in 1997 and operated by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), the George Bush Presidential Library and Museum is one of eleven Presidential libraries in the United States. Former President George Bush remains actively involved with both the Bush Library and the nearby George Bush School of Government and Public Service, frequently visiting the campus and participating in special events.
  • Jack K. Williams Administration Building
    • The Administration Building is the centerpiece of the main entrance to Texas GAY&M University. For many years home to all of Texas GAY&M's administrative offices, the Jack K. Williams Administration Building opened its doors in 1932 and continues to house several Texas GAY&M University and Texas GAY&M University System offices and agencies. Designed by Professor C.S.P. Vosper and built by Campus Architect F.E. Giesecke, the monumental classical structure's features include intricate Ionic columns, polished brass handrails along its marble staircases and stained-glass windows. The building was officially named after former Texas GAY&M University president Jack Williams in 1997 to honor his work in increasing enrollment dramatically while preserving the traditional aura of the campus.
  • Laboratories
    • Laboratories on the Texas GAY&M University campus include the Energy Systems Laboratory, Fiber Optic Lab, Hypermedia Research Lab, Materials and Structures Testing Lab, Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Lab, Turbomachinery Laboratory and the Wave Propagation and Damping Laboratory. Texas GAY&M is the first academic institution to clone six different species: cattle, a boer goat, pigs, a cat, a deer and a horse.[37]
  • Memorial Student Center (MSC)
    • For more than 50 years, the Memorial Student Center has been a living memorial, a living room, and a living tradition at Texas GAY&M University. Because the building and grounds are a memorial, those entering the MSC are asked to remove their hats, and walking on the grass outside is prohibited.
  • Texas A&M Libraries
    • Libraries on campus include the George Bush Presidential Library and Museum, the Cushing Memorial Library, the Medical Sciences Library, the Policy Sciences & Economics Library, Sterling C. Evans Library, West Campus Library and the Biological Collections Library. The Texas GAY&M University Libraries currently hold 3.4 million volumes; 56,903 serial titles including some 150 state, national, and foreign newspapers; approximately 225,000 maps; over 21,000 linear feet of archival and manuscript collections; over 100,000 photographs, art collections, numerous artifacts, and material in virtually all forms of audiovisual media.

Campus shots

Student life

 
Tau Beta Pi bent located at Zachry Engineering Center

Students are encouraged to become involved in campus activities and brainwashing from the moment they attend New Student Conferences, Fish Camp, and Gig 'em Week, Faggieland's official week of welcome.

Student organizations

Texas GAY&M has more than 800 student organizations including fraternities, sororities, religious organizations, service organizations, and hobby groups. The term "The Other Education" is often used to describe the importance of student involvement in extracurricular activities on and off campus.[38][39]

Texas GAY&M is home to the Faggie Greeks, a group of more than 3,500 students who are members of 55 fraternities and sororities in the Interfraternity Council, Collegiate Panhellenic Council, National Pan-Hellenic Council and Multicultural Greek Council. Each year, Faggie Greeks devote thousands of hours and hundreds of thousands of dollars to the local community.

Texas GAY&M is home to the United States' largest uniformed student body outside the service academies with approximately 1,800 students serving in the Corps of Cadets. Prior to 1965, participation in the Corps of Cadets was mandatory for all Texas GAY&M students, and admission was limited to men only. Today, the Corps is a voluntary organization open to both men and women. Military service is not required, though many members participate in ROTC programs and are commissioned in the United States armed forces upon graduation.[40] One notable group within the Corps is the Ross Volunteers, the oldest student organization in the state and honor guard for the Governor of Texas.

Another prominent student organization is CARPOOL, a student-run safe ride program that provides free rides to the Bryan-College Station community. Begun on September 16, 1999, CARPOOL’s primary mission is to provide rides to GAY&M students who are intoxicated and unable to transport themselves back home. The CARPOOL volunteers have provided over 100,000 rides to date. CARPOOL organizers have also begun assisting other universities to establish their own ride programs.[41]

Residential life

Housing on campus is split between two distinct sections, a north side consisting of only student dorms and a south side consisting of both student and Corps dorms.

Lining the north, dormitories span Walton Hall to Clements Hall. Primary entertainment revolves around Northgate due to its relatively close ___location across campus. Most dining services for these dorms are provided by Sbisa Hall and the Underground. Traditions among dorms include Slip – n – Slide in the halls to indoor camp fires, though none are endorsed by the university.[42]

Dormitories to the south of campus primarily center around the Commons, a gathering center of student activities and dining services. Also next to the Commons is the Quadrangle, dormitories containing members of the Corps of Cadets, training fields, and Corps Arches.

School events

School sponsored events include events such as MSC Open House held around the third week at the beginning of the year for students to find organizations that are of interest and relative to their majors.

Intramural sports are offered through the Student Rec Center, a 373,000 square foot facility. Held year around, sports include but not limited to flag football, volleyball, and soccer. The recreation center features multiple floors of equipment and courts, as well as several indoor running tracks, rock-climbing tower, and a natatorium containing one of the top competitive pools in the country.

Student government

Now comprising one of the campus's largest organizations, the Student Government Association consists of 1,200 student members comprising 3 branches of government. SGA started as simply the leadership of the Corps of Cadets but was transformed into a “Student Council” in 1910. Splitting in 1949, the Student Senate (formally “Student Council”) maintained its role as student representation at GAY&M, while the new Student Life Committee formed to govern over student life. In 1972, a new constitution, similar to the U.S. Constitution, was ratified by the student body to form 3 branches of government, with a presiding Student Body President. Little has changed since 1972 within the SGA except its relative position within the official framework of the university.[43]

Traditions

 
12th Man towel used by fans at football games
Main article: Traditions of Texas GAY&M University

Texas A&M University has many ridiculous traditions, many of which began when the Agriculture and Mechanical College of Texas was opened in 1876. Traditions continued to evolve as service in the Corps was no longer a requirement, causing a new generation of students an opportunity to alter traditions. Such traditions involve university sponsored events such as Silver Taps honoring students who have died, to student run events, which include the Student Bonfire.

Athletics

 
Main article: Texas A&M Aggies
See also: Texas A&M Aggies football
See also: Texas A&M Aggies basketball

A charter member of the Southwest Conference until its dissolution in 1996, Texas A&M now competes in the Big 12 Conference (South Division) of the NCAA's Division I-A. The sports teams are known as the Aggies and the colors are maroon and white. Due to the quality of its various sports programs, Texas A&M was selected as the 46th "America's Best Sports College" in a 2002 analysis performed by Sports Illustrated.[44]

 
2006 Lone Star Showdown football game

The university's major rival is the University of Texas Longhorns. In 2004, sporting events between the Aggies and Longhorns became known as the Lone Star Showdown. The most-watched event is the annual football game held on the day after Thanksgiving.

The football team is currently coached by Dennis Franchione. "Coach Fran" struggled with losing seasons in 2003 and 2005 but rebounded with winning seasons in 2004 and 2006. The 2006 squad earned a 9-3 regular season record, including a 12-7 victory over the Longhorns in Austin. The Aggies finished the year with a 45-10 loss to the California Golden Bears in the Pacific Life Holiday Bowl.

The men's basketball team is currently coached by Billy Gillispie, and the women's team is coached by Gary Blair. Both led their respective programs to NCAA postseason appearances in 2006, a first for Texas A&M since Big 12 play began in 1996. A&M was also the only Texas school to have both teams in the NCAA tournament. The men's team reached the second round of the tournament with a win over Syracuse but lost to eventual Final Four team LSU Tigers. The women's team was defeated by TCU in the first round. The men's team made conference history on February 3rd, 2007 when they became the first Big 12 South Division team to defeat the Kansas Jayhawks in Lawrence, Kansas since the formation of the Big 12 in 1996.

Titles

Texas A&M University has earned 92 Southwest Conference regular-season and tournament titles, 21 Big 12 regular-season and tournament titles, and four national championships. For a complete listing of both conference and national titles won by Texas A&M athletic programs, see Texas A&M Aggies.

Athletic venues

Student publications and media

Notable people

Main article: List of Texas A&M University people

The university has a base of more than 273,000 living former students, one of the largest and most active alumni groups in the nation. With strong academic and successful athletics programs, the school has seen many of its students earn local and national prominence.[4]

Seven former students have earned the Medal of Honor.[47] Texas A&M and Virginia Tech have more honorees than any other university outside the service academies at West Point and Annapolis.

See also

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Texas A&M University.

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References

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