This is a temporary page created for the sole purpose of converting the current Hafnium article over to the new format agreed upon in Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Elements/Archive 1. When this process is complete the content in this page will be moved to the main article and any relevant edits made to that version will be incorporated into this version (this page will then be deleted from the database). For an example of what this article will look like when complete, please visit Beryllium, for a clean copy of the template used here please visit WikiProject Elements. See also periodic table to view the color scheme.
| General | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name, Symbol, Number | Hafnium, Hf, 72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemical series | Transition metals | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group, Period, Block | _ (_), _ , _ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Density, Hardness | __ kg/m3, __ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Appearance | __ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic weight | __ amu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic radius | __ pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Covalent radius (calc.) | __ (_) pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| van der Waals radius | __ pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electron configuration | [[[__|_]]]___ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| e- 's per energy level | _, _ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oxidation states (Oxide) | _ (__) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal structure | __ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Physical Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State of matter | __ (__) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point | __ K (__ °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boiling point | __ K (__ °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Molar volume | __ ×10-3 m3/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of vaporization | __ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of fusion | __ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vapor pressure | __ Pa at __ K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Velocity of sound | __ m/s at 293.15 K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miscellaneous | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electronegativity | __ (Pauling scale) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific heat capacity | __ J/(kg*K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electrical conductivity | __ 106/m ohm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal conductivity | __ W/(m*K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st ionization potential | __ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd ionization potential | __ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd ionization potential | __ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4th ionization potential | __ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Most Stable Isotopes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SI units & STP are used except where noted. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hafnium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Hf and atomic number 72.
Notable Characteristics
A shiny silvery metal, and corrosion resistant. The properties of hafnium are markedly affected by zirconium impurities.
Applications
Hafnium will absorb neutrons, so is used to make nuclear control rods, such as those found in nuclear submarines. Hafnium is used in incandescent lamps, and for scavenging oxygen and nitrogen.
History
Discovered by Coster and von Hevesey in 1932.
Occurrence
Hafnium is found whereever natural zirconium compounds are found. Minerals that contain zirconium usually have a between 1 and 5 percent hafnium.
Hafnium and zirconium have nearly identical chemistry, which makes the two difficult to separate.
Compounds
Isotopes
Precautions
Hafnium, when divided into fine particles, is pyrophoric and can ignite spontaneously in air. Care needs to be taken when machining hafnium.
External Links
External links used only for conversion (please delete before pasting into main article)
- Los Alamos National Laboratory - _
- USGS _ Statistics and Information
- http://dict.org (input the name of the element)
- USGS Periodic Table - _