ASIC4

Acid-sensing ion channel 4 (ASIC4) also known as amiloride-sensitive cation channel 4 (ACCN4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIC4 gene. The ASIC4 gene is one of the five paralogous genes that encode proteins that form trimeric acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in mammals.^[5] The cDNA of this gene was first cloned in 2000.^[6][7] The ASIC genes have splicing variants that encode different proteins that are called isoforms.

ASIC4
Identifiers
Aliases	ASIC4, ACCN4, BNAC4, acid sensing ion channel subunit family member 4
External IDs	OMIM: 606715; MGI: 2652846; HomoloGene: 11166; GeneCards: ASIC4; OMA:ASIC4 - orthologs
Gene ___location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2q35 Start 219,514,170 bp[1] End 219,538,772 bp[1]
Gene ___location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1|1 C4 Start 75,427,080 bp[2] End 75,450,987 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in pituitary gland anterior pituitary right hemisphere of cerebellum amygdala cingulate gyrus anterior cingulate cortex lateral nuclear group of thalamus right frontal lobe hypothalamus substantia nigra Top expressed in neural layer of retina superior frontal gyrus dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell primary visual cortex olfactory tubercle embryo superior colliculus nucleus accumbens central gray substance of midbrain lumbar subsegment of spinal cord More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function ion channel activity sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity sodium channel activity Cellular component integral component of membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane Biological process ion transport sodium ion transport ion transmembrane transport sodium ion transmembrane transport behavioral fear response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 55515 241118 Ensembl ENSG00000072182 ENSMUSG00000033007 UniProt Q96FT7 Q7TNS7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_018674 NM_182847 NM_183022 RefSeq (protein) NP_061144 NP_878267 NP_898843 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 219.51 – 219.54 Mb Chr 1: 75.43 – 75.45 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

These genes are mainly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system.

ASICs can form both homotrimeric (meaning composed of three identical subunits) and heterotrimeric channels.^[8]

Structure and function

This gene encodes a member of the ASIC/ENaC superfamily of proteins.^[9] The members of this family are amiloride-sensitive sodium channels that contain intracellular N and C termini, 2 hydrophobic transmembrane (TM) regions, and a large extracellular loop, which has many cysteine residues with conserved spacing. The TM regions are generally symbolized as TM1 (clone to N-terminus) and TM2 (close to C-terminus).

The pore of the channel through which ions selectively flow from the extracellular side into the cytoplasm is formed by the three TM2 regions of the trimer.^[5]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000072182 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000033007 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Hanukoglu I (Feb 2017). "ASIC and ENaC type sodium channels: Conformational states and the structures of the ion selectivity filters". The FEBS Journal. 284 (4): 525–545. doi:10.1111/febs.13840. PMID 27580245. S2CID 24402104.
6. Gründer S, Geissler HS, Bässler EL, Ruppersberg JP (Jun 2000). "A new member of acid-sensing ion channels from pituitary gland". NeuroReport. 11 (8): 1607–1611. doi:10.1097/00001756-200006050-00003. PMID 10852210. S2CID 46420660.
7. Gründer S, Geisler HS, Rainier S, Fink JK (Sep 2001). "Acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) 4 gene: physical mapping, genomic organisation, and evaluation as a candidate for paroxysmal dystonia". European Journal of Human Genetics. 9 (9): 672–676. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200699. PMID 11571555.
8. Babinski K, Catarsi S, Biagini G, Séguéla P (Sep 2000). "Mammalian ASIC2a and ASIC3 subunits co-assemble into heteromeric proton-gated channels sensitive to Gd3+". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (37): 28519–28525. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004114200. hdl:11380/304669. PMID 10842183.
9. Hanukoglu I, Hanukoglu A (Jan 2016). "Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) family: Phylogeny, structure-function, tissue distribution, and associated inherited diseases". Gene. 579 (2): 95–132. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.061. PMC 4756657. PMID 26772908.

Further reading

• Chen X, Polleichtner G, Kadurin I, Gründer S (Oct 2007). "Zebrafish acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) 4, characterization of homo- and heteromeric channels, and identification of regions important for activation by H+". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 282 (42): 30406–30413. doi:10.1074/jbc.M702229200. PMID 17686779.
• Donier E, Rugiero F, Jacob C, Wood JN (Jul 2008). "Regulation of ASIC activity by ASIC4--new insights into ASIC channel function revealed by a yeast two-hybrid assay". The European Journal of Neuroscience. 28 (1): 74–86. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06282.x. PMID 18662336. S2CID 29369987.
• Sanger Center, Genome Sequencing Center (Nov 1998). "Toward a complete human genome sequence". Genome Research. 8 (11): 1097–1108. doi:10.1101/gr.8.11.1097. PMID 9847074.

External links

• Human ASIC4 genome ___location and ASIC4 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public ___domain.