A procedure turn (PT) is an instrument flight rules (IFR) maneuver that enables an aircraft to perform a course reversal, typically from an outbound track to an inbound track. In an instrument approach, a PT establishes the aircraft inbound on the final approach course. It is a required maneuver if depicted on an approach chart and offers a protected area in which to conduct this maneuver. The chart may show the type of procedure turn to be executed, but other charts only show a barbed arrow or PT ‘barb’. This symbol indicates where a procedure turn may be commenced and on which side of the course it is to be made, then the pilot has discretion over the type and rate of the turn.[1][2]

45/180

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The most common and done in default type of procedure turn.

80/260

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The fastest type of procedure turn

30/210

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Also called the teardrop procedure

Holding in Lieu of

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References

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  1. ^ Instrument Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-15B-1) (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. 2012.
  2. ^ Aeronautical Chart Users’ Guide. Federal Aviation Administration. 2018.