Insertion mount machine

An insertion mount machine or inserter is a device used to insert the leads of electronic components through holes in printed circuit boards.

Insertion mount machines were common from the 1950s up until the 1980s, when they significantly declined in use due to the rise in popularity of surface-mount technology.^[1]

Insertion mount assembly process

The automated assembly process for insertion involves placement of the termination leads through the plated holes in the PCB followed by trimming and bending of the leads to ensure that they are secure and not overly protruding. The component can then be fluxed and soldered.^[2] Placement of the components is done on one side of the PCB while soldering happens on the other.^[3]

Machine configuration

An insertion mount machine often has a rotary table on a X- and Y-axis positioning system which moves the board to the necessary position for the component's insertion into the board.^[4] The machine can be configured to be a standalone machine.

Axial insertion

An axial inserter takes axial leaded through-hole components from reels which are fed into dispensing heads that cut the parts onto a chain in the order of insertion.^[5] The parts are transferred from the sequence chain to the insertion chain, which brings the component underneath the insertion head which then cuts the leads of the component to the correct length for lead length and insertion span; bends the leads 90°; and inserts the component leads into the board while a clinch assembly underneath cuts and clinches the leads.^[4]

Radial insertion

A radial inserter takes radial leaded through-hole components from a reel which are fed into dispensing heads that cut the component from the reel and place it onto the chain in sequence of the order of insertion. The components are handled by the leads.^[5] Much like in axial insertion, the component is brought to a component transfer assembly behind the insertion head and is transferred to the insertion head, then inserted into the board while a clinch assembly underneath cuts and clinches the leads.^[4]

Dual in-line package insertion

A dual in-line (DIP) inserter inserts integrated circuit components or DIP sockets^[5] from tubes which are loaded into magazines. A shuttle mechanism picks the needed component needed from the magazines and drops it into a transfer assembly. The insertion head picks the component from the transfer assembly and inserts the IC into the board while a clinch assembly underneath cuts and bends the leads either inward for sockets or outward for ICs.^[4]

Due to the transition from insertion mount technology (through-hole) to surface-mount technology of integrated circuits, these machines are no longer being newly manufactured.^{[citation needed]}

Obsolete configurations

Axial inserters used to consist of a stand-alone sequencer machine which cut and sequenced the parts onto a reel. That reel was then transferred over to a standalone axial inserter to insert the components. This is all done on one machine today.^[5]

See also

• Pick-and-place machine

References

1. Mehta, S. D. Electronic Product Design. S. Chand Publishing. p. 3. ISBN 978-81-219-3615-6.
2. Puttlitz, Karl J.; Stalter, Kathleen A. (2004-02-27). Handbook of Lead-Free Solder Technology for Microelectronic Assemblies. CRC Press. pp. 527–528. ISBN 978-0-203-02148-4.
3. Legnani, Giovanni (2015). Design and development of an innovative auto-adaptable gripper in automated rework process (MSc thesis). Politecnico di Milano.
4. Boothroyd, Geoffrey; Dewhurst, Peter; Knight, Winston A. (2010-12-08). Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly, Third Edition. CRC Press. pp. 230–234. ISBN 978-1-4200-8927-1.
5. Markstein, Howard W. (1987). "Automatic Component Insertion/Placement Systems". The Electronics Assembly Handbook. Bedford, UK : IFS Publications ; Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag. pp. 70–76. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-13161-9_14. ISBN 978-0-948507-41-0. Archived from the original on 2024-02-23.