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Template:IPA navigation

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International Phonetic Alphabet (chart)
IPA topics
IPA
  • International Phonetic Association
  • History of the alphabet
  • Extensions for disordered speech (extIPA)
  • Voice Quality Symbols (VoQS)
  • Journal of the IPA (JIPA)
Special topics
  • Cursive forms
  • Case variants
  • Obsolete and nonstandard symbols
  • Naming conventions
  • Sinological extensions
  • World Orthography
  • IPA chart for English dialects
Encodings
  • ASCII encodings
    • SAMPA
    • X-SAMPA
    • Kirshenbaum
  • TIPA
  • Phonetic symbols in Unicode
  • IPA number
  • IPA Braille
Consonants
Pulmonic consonants
Place → Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
Manner ↓ Bi­labial Labio­dental Linguo­labial Dental Alveolar Post­alveolar Retro­flex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn­geal/epi­glottal Glottal
Nasal m̥ m ɱ̊ ɱ n̼ n̪̊ n̪ n̥ n n̠̊ n̠ ɳ̊ ɳ ɲ̊ ɲ ŋ̊ ŋ ɴ̥ ɴ
Plosive p b p̪ b̪ t̼ d̼ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ
Sibilant affricate t̪s̪ d̪z̪ ts dz t̠ʃ d̠ʒ tʂ dʐ tɕ dʑ
Non-sibilant affricate pɸ bβ p̪f b̪v t̪θ d̪ð tɹ̝̊ dɹ̝ t̠ɹ̠̊˔ d̠ɹ̠˔ cç ɟʝ kx ɡɣ qχ ɢʁ ʡʜ ʡʢ ʔh
Sibilant fricative s̪ z̪ s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ
Non-sibilant fricative ɸ β f v θ̼ ð̼ θ ð θ̠ ð̠ ɹ̠̊˔ ɹ̠˔ ɻ̊˔ ɻ˔ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Approximant β̞ ʋ ð̞ ɹ ɹ̠ ɻ j ɰ ʁ̞ ʔ̞
Tap/flap ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ̼ ɾ̥ ɾ ɽ̊ ɽ ɢ̆ ʡ̆
Trill ʙ̥ ʙ r̥ r r̠ ɽ̊r̥ ɽr ʀ̥ ʀ ʜ ʢ
Lateral affricate tɬ dɮ tꞎ d𝼅 c𝼆 ɟʎ̝ k𝼄 ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricative ɬ̪ ɬ ɮ ꞎ 𝼅 𝼆 ʎ̝ 𝼄 ʟ̝
Lateral approximant l̪ l̥ l l̠ ɭ̊ ɭ ʎ̥ ʎ ʟ̥ ʟ ʟ̠
Lateral tap/flap ɺ̥ ɺ 𝼈̊ 𝼈 ʎ̆ ʟ̆
  • IPA help
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  • table
  • template

Symbols to the right in a cell are voiced, to the left are voiceless. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Non-pulmonic consonants
BL LD D A PA RF P V U
Ejective Stop pʼ tʼ ʈʼ cʼ kʼ qʼ
Affricate p̪fʼ t̪θʼ tsʼ t̠ʃʼ tʂʼ tɕʼ kxʼ qχʼ
Fricative ɸʼ fʼ θʼ sʼ ʃʼ ʂʼ ɕʼ xʼ χʼ
Lateral affricate tɬʼ c𝼆ʼ k𝼄ʼ q𝼄ʼ
Lateral fricative ɬʼ
Click
(top: velar;
bottom: uvular)
Tenuis kʘ
qʘ
kǀ
qǀ
kǃ
qǃ
k𝼊
q𝼊
kǂ
qǂ
Voiced ɡʘ
ɢʘ
ɡǀ
ɢǀ
ɡǃ
ɢǃ
ɡ𝼊
ɢ𝼊
ɡǂ
ɢǂ
Nasal ŋʘ
ɴʘ
ŋǀ
ɴǀ
ŋǃ
ɴǃ
ŋ𝼊
ɴ𝼊
ŋǂ
ɴǂ
ʞ
 
Tenuis lateral kǁ
qǁ
Voiced lateral ɡǁ
ɢǁ
Nasal lateral ŋǁ
ɴǁ
Implosive Voiced ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛ
Voiceless ɓ̥ ɗ̥ ᶑ̊ ʄ̊ ɠ̊ ʛ̥
  • IPA help
  •  audio
  • full chart
  • table
    • audio
  • template
Co-articulated consonants
Nasal
n͡m
Labial–alveolar
ɳ͡m
Labial–retroflex
ŋ͡m
Labial–velar
Plosive
t͡p
d͡b
Labial–alveolar
ʈ͡p
ɖ͡b
Labial–retroflex
k͡p
ɡ͡b
Labial–velar
q͡ʡ
Uvular–epiglottal
q͡p
Labial–uvular
Fricative/approximant
ɥ̊
ɥ
Labialized palatal
ʍ
w
Labialized velar
ɧ
Sj-sound (variable)
Lateral approximant
ɫ
Velarized alveolar
Implosive
ɠ̊͜ɓ̥
ɠ͡ɓ
Labial–velar
Ejective
t͡pʼ
Labial–alveolar
  • IPA help
  • full chart
  • table
    • audio
  • template
Other
  • Nasal labial–velar approximant [w̃]
  • Nasal palatal approximant [j̃]
  • Voiceless bidental fricative [h̪͆]
  • Voiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stop [t̪ʙ̥]
  • Voiceless nasal glottal approximant [h̃]
  • Voiceless upper-pharyngeal plosive [ʡ̟]
  • Voiced upper-pharyngeal plosive [ʡ̟̬]
  • Bilabial percussive [ʬ]
  • Bidental percussive [ʭ]
  • Sublaminal lower-alveolar percussive [¡]
Vowels
Front Central Back
Close
i
•
y
ɨ
•
ʉ
ɯ
•
u
Near-close
ɪ
•
ʏ
•
ʊ
Close-mid
e
•
ø
ɘ
•
ɵ
ɤ
•
o
Mid
e̞
•
ø̞
ə
ɤ̞
•
o̞
Open-mid
ɛ
•
œ
ɜ
•
ɞ
ʌ
•
ɔ
Near-open
æ
•
ɐ
Open
a
•
ɶ
ä
•
ɑ
•
ɒ
  • IPA help
  •  audio
  • full chart
  • table
  • template

Legend: unrounded • rounded

Template documentation[view] [edit] [history] [purge]

Usage

The template is a navigation box, to be placed as a footer. Set first parameter to IPA, consonants, or vowels to expand one of the rows by default, e.g. {{IPA navigation|consonants}}.

Collapsing

This template's initial visibility currently defaults to autocollapse, meaning that if there is another collapsible item on the page (a navbox, sidebar, or table with the collapsible attribute), it is hidden apart from its title bar; if not, it is fully visible.

To change this template's initial visibility, the |state= parameter may be used:

  • {{IPA navigation|state=collapsed}} will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar.
  • {{IPA navigation|state=expanded}} will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.

See also

  • v
  • t
  • e
IPA templates
Inline
Formatting
  • {{IPA}}
  • {{IPA link}}
  • {{IPAblink}} [a]
  • {{IPAslink}} /a/
  • {{IPAalink}} ⟨a⟩
  • {{IPAplink}}
  • {{angbr IPA}}
  • {{IPA double slash}}
  • {{Chinese tone letter}}
  • {{Audio-IPA}}
Conversion
  • {{IPAc-ar}}
  • {{IPAc-en}}
  • {{IPAc-cmn}}
  • {{IPAc-hu}}
  • {{IPAc-pl}}
  • {{IPAc-yue}}
  • {{subst:X-SAMPA to IPA}}
Maintenance
  • {{Needs IPA}}
  • {{Pronunciation needed}}
Charts
  • {{IPA vowels}}
  • {{IPA pulmonic consonants}}
  • {{IPA non-pulmonic consonants}}
  • {{IPA co-articulated consonants}}
  • {{IPA affricates}}
Guidance
  • {{IPA navigation}}
  • {{Infobox IPA}}
  • {{IPA notice}}
  • {{WikiIPA}}
  • {{IPA key}}
  • {{IPA keys}}
  • {{IPA language category}}
Meta templates
  • {{IPA symbol}}
  • {{IPA audio link}}
  • {{IPA common}}
  • {{IPA soundbox}}
  • {{IPA notice/msg}}
The above documentation is transcluded from Template:IPA navigation/doc. (edit | history)
Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox (edit | diff) and testcases (edit) pages.
Add categories to the /doc subpage. Subpages of this template.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:IPA_navigation&oldid=1306916248"
Last edited on 20 August 2025, at 12:29

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