Wikipedia

User:Megab/DeepMindWIP

< User:Megab
DeepMind Technologies Ltd. (Google Inc.)
Type of businessSubsidiary
Founded2011
HeadquartersLondon, England & Googleplex, Mountain View, California
Area servedWorldwide
OwnerGoogle
Founder(s)Demis Hassabis,

Shane Legg,

Mustafa Suleyman
CEOLarry Page
Industryartificial intelligence
Employees75 (estimated) [1]
URLdeepmind.com

DeepMind Technologies is a British artificial intelligence (AI) company. It was acquired by Google in 2014.

The company's latest achievement is the creation of a neural network that learns how to play some video games in a similar way as humans. [2]

Company History

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2011 to 2014

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In 2011 the start-up was founded by UCL Alumni[3] Demis Hassabis and Shane Legg, who met at UCL's Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit[4]. they were then joined by Mustafa Suleyman.[5]

Since then major venture capitalist firms Horizons Ventures and Founders Fund have invested in the company[6], as well as entrepreneur Scott Banister[7]. Jaan Tallinn was an early investor and an advisor to the company.[8]

In 2014, DeepMind received the "Company of the Year" award by Cambridge Computer Laboratory.[9]

Acquisition by Google

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On 26 January 2014, Google announced[10] that it had agreed to acquire DeepMind Technologies; analysts later announced that the company was purchased for £400 million ($650M USD / €486M), although later reports estimated the acquisition was valued at over £500 million.[11][12][13][14][15] The acquisition reportedly took place after Facebook ended negotiations with DeepMind Technologies in 2013, which resulted in no agreement or purchase of the company.[16] One of DeepMind's conditions for Google was that they establish an AI Ethics committee.[17]

Scientific work

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DeepMind Technologie's goal is to "solve intelligence"[5], which they are trying to achieve by combining "the best techniques from machine learning and systems neuroscience to build powerful general-purpose learning algorithms". [5] They are trying to formalize intelligence[18] in order to not only implement it into machines, but also understand the human brain, as Demis Hassabis explains:

[...] Attempting to distil intelligence into an algorithmic construct may prove to be the best path to understanding some of the enduring mysteries of our minds.

— Demis Hassabis, Nature (journal), 23 February 2012[19]

Currently the company's focus is on publishing research on computer systems that are able to play games and developing these systems. Ranging from strategy games such as Go[20] to arcade games. According to Shane Legg human-level machine intelligence can be achieved "when a machine can learn to play a really wide range of games from perceptual stream input and output, and transfer understanding across games[...]."[21] Research describing an AI playing seven different Atari video games reportedly led to their acquisition by Google.[2]

Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learning

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As opposed to other AI's, such as IBM's Deepblue or Watson, which were developed for a pre-defined purpose and only function within its merit, DeepMind claims that their system is not pre-programmed: it learns from experience, using only raw pixels as data input.[22] They test the system on video games, notably early arcade games, such as Space Invaders or Breakout.[22][23] Without altering the code, the AI begins to understand how to play the game. And after some time plays a better game than any human ever could.[23] Applying their system on games throughout the history, the development of DeepMind's AI is currently in the 1990s; making its AI learn to play simple 3D games.[23]

References

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  1. ^ "Forbes Report - Acquisition". Forbes. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  2. ^ a b "The Last AI Breakthrough DeepMind Made Before Google Bought It". The Physics arXiv Blog. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  3. ^ "Guest lecture speaker bios: Demis Hassabis and Shane Legg - DeepMind". Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  4. ^ "Demis Hassabis: 15 facts about the DeepMind Technologies founder". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  5. ^ a b c "DeepMind Technologies Website". DeepMind Technologies. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  6. ^ "DeepMind buy heralds rise of the machines". Financial Times. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
  7. ^ "DeepMind Technologies Investors". Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  8. ^ "Recode.net - DeepMind Technologies Acquisition". Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  9. ^ "Hall of Fame Awards: To celebrate the success of companies founded by Computer Laboratory graduates". Cambridge University. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  10. ^ "Google to buy artificial intelligence company DeepMind". Reuters. 26 January 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  11. ^ "Google Acquires UK AI startup Deepmind". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  12. ^ "Report of Acquisition, TechCrunch". TechCrunch. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  13. ^ Oreskovic, Alexei. "Reuters Report". Reuters. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  14. ^ "Google Acquires Artificial Intelligence Start-Up DeepMind". The Verge. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  15. ^ "Google acquires AI pioneer DeepMind Technologies". Ars Technica. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  16. ^ "Google beats Facebook for Acquisition of DeepMind Technologies". Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  17. ^ "Inside Google's Mysterious Ethics Board". Forbes. 3 February 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  18. ^ Shane Legg; Joel Veness (29 September 2011). "An Approximation of the Universal Intelligence Measure" (PDF). Retrieved 12 October 2014. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  19. ^ Demis Hassabis (23 February 2012). "Model the brain's algorithms" (PDF). Nature. Retrieved 12 October 2014. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  20. ^ Shih-Chieh Huang; Martin Müller (12 July 2014). "Investigating the Limits of Monte-Carlo Tree Search Methods in Computer Go". Springer. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  21. ^ "Q&A with Shane Legg on risks from AI". 17 June 2011. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  22. ^ a b Volodymyr Mnih; Koray Kavukcuoglu; David Silver; Alex Graves; Ioannis Antonoglou; Daan Wierstra; Martin Riedmiller (12 December 2013). "Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learning" (PDF). Retrieved 12 October 2014. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  23. ^ a b c Deepmind artificial intelligence @ FDOT14. 19 April 2014. {{cite AV media}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)

[[Category:Companies established in 2011]] [[Category:2011 establishments in England]] [[Category:Artificial intelligence]] [[Category:Machine learning]] [[Category:Artificial intelligence laboratories]] [[Category:Game artificial intelligence]] [[Category:Entrepreneurship]] [[Category:Google acquisitions]]

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