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Typhoon Lingling (Nanang)
Typhoon Lingling in the South China Sea on November 10
Meteorological history
FormedNovember 6, 2001
DissipatedNovember 12, 2001
Very strong typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds155 km/h (100 mph)
Lowest pressure940 hPa (mbar); 27.76 inHg
Category 4-equivalent typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure927 hPa (mbar); 27.37 inHg
Overall effects
FatalitiesUnknown
Damage$60 million (2001 USD)
Areas affectedPhilippines, Vietnam and Cambodia
Part of the 2001 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Lingling, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Nanang, was a deadly typhoon that struck the Philippines and Vietnam in 2001 and caused 379 deaths. The name "Lingling" was given by Hong Kong.[1] The 39th tropical depression, 22nd named storm, and 13th typhoon of the 2001 Pacific typhoon season, Lingling developed into a tropical depression on November 6 and given the local name Nanang by the PAGASA. The next day, it was upgraded into a tropical storm and given the name Lingling by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). Lingling's intensity briefly stagnated as it moved over Visayas before resuming intensification and intensifying into a severe tropical storm on November 8. One day later, both the JMA and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) upgraded Lingling to a typhoon as it exited the Philippine archipelago and moved into the South China Sea. After intensifying into a typhoon, Lingling began to quickly intensify, peaking with 10-min sustained winds of 155 km/h (96 mph) and 1-min sustained winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), with a minimum central pressure of 940 mbar (28 inHg). Lingling began to weaken as it approached the Vietnamese coast, before making landfall on November 11 at 18:00 UTC. Lingling rapidly weakened afterward, dissipating on November 12.

Meteorological history

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File:Lingling 2001 path.png
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
  Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

At 19:00 UTC on November 3, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began monitoring an area of convection approximately 120 nautical miles (220 km) east-southeast of Yap, assessing its development potential as poor due to infrared satellite imagery indicating disorganized convection.[2][3] Surface analysis the next morning showed that the disturbance was located within a monsoon trough without a closed circulation, though the convection was located within a favorable for intensification.[3] The next day on November 5 at 6:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded its development potential to fair as satellite imagery showed multiple low-level circulations within a broader circulation.[2][3] The disturbance continued organizing, and on the same day at 20:30 UTC, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) on the system.[2] On November 6 at 0:00 UTC, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), the PAGASA, and the JTWC began issuing warnings on a tropical depression that had formed about 750 km (470 mi) southeast of Manila, with the JTWC giving it the designation 27W and the PAGASA giving it the local name Nanang.[2][3][4][5]

The JTWC and the PAGASA estimated the depression's strength at 50 km/h (31 mph), though by 6:00 UTC the PAGASA had upgraded it to a tropical storm as the system's organization began to improve.[3] By 12:00 UTC, the JTWC had increased the system's intensity to 55 km/h (34 mph) as it began approaching Leyte Gulf, and at 18:00 UTC on November 6, the JMA upgraded the depression to a tropical storm, giving it the name Lingling, with the JTWC doing so later at 0:00 UTC on November 7 as its center was located over Cebu.[3][4][6] Lingling continued to the west-northwest, primarily steered by a mid-level high situated over northern Vietnam and southern China.[7] Lingling's intensity briefly stagnated as its center moved over Negros Island and Panay before resuming intensification, with the JTWC estimating winds of 85 km/h (53 mph) on November 8 at 0:00 UTC.[3][6] By 12:00 UTC the same day, the JTWC had upgraded the storm's strength to 105 km/h (65 mph), with the JMA upgrading Lingling to a severe tropical storm 6 hours later, estimating a minimum central pressure of 980 mbar (hPa; 28.94 inHg) as it entered the South China Sea.[4][6] Lingling continued intensifying, and by November 9, the JTWC and the JMA upgraded Lingling to a typhoon, with the JMA doing so later in the day.[4][6]

After Lingling intensified into a typhoon, it began to quickly intensify as it tracked along the southern edge of a strong monsoonal northeasterly surge.[2] Convective coverage began to increase and become more organized and by November 9 at 18:00 UTC, the JTWC assessed Lingling's maximum sustained winds at 165 km/h (103 mph) as it began to turn westward, before further intensifying into a Category-3 equivalent cyclone on November 10 at 0:00 UTC.[5][6] Later that day at 12:00 UTC, the JTWC unofficially estimated Lingling to have peaked, with 1-min sustained winds of 215 km/h (134 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 927 mbar (27.4 inHg).[6] The JMA estimated Lingling to have peaked 12 hours later on November 11 at 0:00 UTC, with 10-min sustained winds of 155 km/h (96 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 940 mbar (28 inHg).[4] Gales from the storm extended 170 nm in all quadrants, with it extending up to 250 nm in the northwestern quadrant; the eye's diameter at this time was 25 nm.[3] Lingling then began to weaken thereafter, with the JMA downgrading it to a severe tropical storm and the JTWC downgrading it to a Category-2 equivalent cyclone as it made landfall near Qui Nhơn on November 11 at 18:00 UTC.[4][6] After making landfall, Lingling rapidly weakened, with the JMA downgrading it to a tropical depression and the JTWC downgrading it to a tropical storm on November 12 at 0:00 UTC.[4][6] The JTWC issued its final warning on the system hours later at 6:00 UTC, with the JMA doing the same at 12:00 UTC.[4][6] Lingling degenerated into an area of low pressure over northern Cambodia the same night.[5]

Preparations and impact

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Philippines

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Lingling over the Philippines as a tropical storm on November 7

References: [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]

Vietnam

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References: [20][3][21]

Aftermath

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Aftermath

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The local name Nanang was retired and replaced with Nando for the 2005 season due to the damages it caused in the Philippines.[citation needed]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ デジタル大辞泉プラス. "レンレンとは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved August 20, 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e 2001 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). Retrieved March 6, 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary November 2001". www.australiasevereweather.com. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Annual Report on Activities of Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo (PDF) (Report). Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c HKO Tropical Cyclones in 2001 (PDF) (Report). Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Western North Pacific Ocean Best Track Data". www.metoc.navy.mil. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  7. ^ "Tropical storm 27W (Lingling) warning #10 - Philippines". reliefweb.int. Retrieved March 13, 2021.
  8. ^ "245 missing after storm rakes Philippines". Chron. November 8, 2001. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  9. ^ de Castro, Erik (November 9, 2001). "Storm kills up to 350 people in Philippines". Yahoo News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2001. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  10. ^ "Proclamation No. 128, s. 2001 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. November 26, 2001. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  11. ^ "CNN.com - Killer storm strengthens for Vietnam - November 10, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  12. ^ "Philippines - Typhoon Lingling OCHA Situation Report No. 2 - Philippines". ReliefWeb. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  13. ^ "Typhoon in Philippines updated 13 Nov 2001 - Philippines". ReliefWeb. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  14. ^ PHILIPPINES – Camiguin Province, Island of Mindanao (PDF) (Report). Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  15. ^ "Tactical Operations Command". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  16. ^ "Civil defense exec tells local governments to gear up so they could handle disasters". Mindanao Gold Star Daily. June 22, 2019. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  17. ^ "Japan- Funded Disaster Mitigation Project in Camiguin Island Inaugurated - Philippines". ReliefWeb. January 9, 2012. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  18. ^ "CNN.com - Storm leaves 22 dead in Philippines - November 7, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  19. ^ "Disease outbreaks feared in Camiguin". The Philippine Star. November 11, 2001. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  20. ^ "Bão Qua Vn, 20 Người Chết, Cuốn Trôi 100 Nhà Ở Qui Nhơn". Việt Báo Daily News (in Vietnamese). Garden Grove, California. November 14, 2001. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  21. ^ "Typhoon Lingling kills 20 in Vietnam - Viet Nam". ReliefWeb. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
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