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Napoleon's noble, moderately affluent background afforded him opportunities to study.^[1]

{{cite book|first=Vincent|last=Cronin|authorlink=Vincent Cronin|title=Napoleon|publisher=Harper Collins|___location=London|year=1994|p=27|isbn=0-00-637521-9}}

References

1. Cronin, Vincent (1994). Napoleon. London: Harper Collins. p. 27. ISBN 0-00-637521-9.

Short citations

In Causes.

Note 14 ^[1]

Note 17 ^[2]

Note 18 ^[3]

In Loire campaign

Note 63 ^[4]

In Northern campaign

Note 64 ^[5]

Note 65 ^[6]

In Armistice

Note 66 ^[7]

In Prussian reaction and withdrawal

Note 92 ^[8]

In German unification and power

Note 102 ^[9]

In French reaction and Revanchism

Note 103 ^[10]

Note 104 ^[11]

Note 105 ^[12]

Note 106 ^[13]

Bibliography

• von Bismarck, Otto Eduard Leopold; von Poschinger, Heinrich (1900). Whitman, Sidney (ed.). Conversations with Prince Bismarck. Translated by Whitman, Sidney (English ed.). London: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 222059904.
• Milza, Pierre (2009). L'Année terrible. Vol. 1: La Guerre franco-prussienne, septembre 1870 - mars 1871. Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-26202498-7. OCLC 822754617.
• Shann, Stephen; Delperier, Louis (1991). French Army 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War. Men-at-Arms. Vol. 2 Republican Troops. Illustrated by Richard and Christa Hook. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-85532-135-1. OCLC 1021808608.
• Hozier, Henry Montague; Davenport Adams, W. H. (1872). The Franco-Prussian War: Its Causes, Incidents, and Consequences. Vol. 2. London: William Mackenzie. OCLC 931716547.
• Ollier, Edmund (1883). Cassell's History of the war between France and Germany, 1870-1871. Vol. 2. London: Cassell Petter & Galpin. OCLC 914936793.
• de Chavannes, Puvis (1872). "Hope". The Walters Art Museum.
• Taylor, A. J. P. (1955). Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman. London: Hamish Hamilton. OCLC 867374488.
• Kennedy, Paul M. (1987). The rise and fall of the great powers : economic change and military conflict from 1500 to 2000. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-39454674-2. OCLC 989029889.
• Varley, Karine (2008a). "The Taboos of Defeat: Unmentionable Memories of the Franco-Prussian War in France, 1870–1914". In Macleod, Jenny (ed.). Defeat and Memory: Cultural Histories of Military Defeat in the Modern Era. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-23051740-0. OCLC 898516104.

• Varley, Karine (2008b). Under the shadow of defeat : the war of 1870-71 in French memory. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-23000519-8. OCLC 750843946.
• Brown, Frederick (2010). For the Soul of France: Culture wars in the age of Dreyfus. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-0-30726631-6. OCLC 699752298.
• Jay, Robert (1984). "Alphonse de Neuville's "The Spy" and the Legacy of the Franco-Prussian War". Metropolitan Museum Journal. 19/20: 151–162. JSTOR 1512817.

Books

Original books	New Books
Example	Example
Bailey, J. B. A. (2004). Field Artillery and Firepower. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1591140293. Baldick, R. (1964). The Siege of Paris (NEL, 1974 ed.). London: Batsford. ISBN 0-450-02190-4. OCLC 752467622. Brown, Frederick (2010). For the Soul of France: Culture wars in the age of Dreyfus. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-0-30726631-6. OCLC 699752298. Clodfelter, M. (2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015 (4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 978-0786474707. Craig, G. A. (1980). Germany: 1866–1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press. OCLC 849737246. Foley, Robert T. (2007). German Strategy and the Path to Verdun: Erich von Falkenhayn and the Development of Attrition, 1870–1916 (pbk. ed.). Cambridge: CUP. ISBN 978-0-521-04436-3. OCLC 778889553. German General Staff (1884). The Franco-German War 1870-71: Part 2; Volume 3. Translated by F.C.H Clarke. London: Clowes & Sons. Horne, A. (1965). The Fall of Paris: The Siege and the Commune 1870–1. London: Macmillan. OCLC 490599556. Howard, M. (1961). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Invasion of France 1870–1871. London: Rupert Hart-Davis. ISBN 0-24663-587-8. Howard, M. (1991). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Invasion of France 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-26671-8. Hozier, Henry Montague; Davenport Adams, W. H. (1872). The Franco-Prussian War: Its Causes, Incidents, and Consequences. Vol. 2. London: William Mackenzie. OCLC 931716547. Kennedy, Paul M. (1987). The rise and fall of the great powers : economic change and military conflict from 1500 to 2000. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-39454674-2. OCLC 989029889. Maurice, J. F.; Long, Wilfred James (1900). The Franco-German War, 1870–71. London: S. Sonnenschein and Co. OCLC 3132807. McElwee, W. (1974). The Art of War: Waterloo to Mons. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-20214-0. Milza, Pierre (2009). L'Année terrible. Vol. 1: La Guerre franco-prussienne, septembre 1870 - mars 1871. Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-26202498-7. OCLC 822754617. Ollier, Edmund (1883). Cassell's History of the war between France and Germany, 1870-1871. Vol. 2. London: Cassell Petter & Galpin. OCLC 914936793. Palmer, M. A. (2010). The German Wars: A Concise History, 1859–1945. Minneapolis: MBI Pub. Co. and Zenith Press. ISBN 9781616739850. Ramm, Agetha (1967). Germany, 1789-1919 : a political history. London: Methuen. ISBN 978-0-41633990-1. OCLC 972861218. Ridley, J. (1976). Garibaldi. New York: Viking Press. OCLC 433850694. Rougerie, J. (1995). Paris Insurgé: La Commune de 1871. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN 2070532895. Rougerie, J. (2014). La Commune de 1871. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 978-2-13-062078-5. Rüstow, W.; Needham, John Layland (1872). The War for the Rhine Frontier, 1870: Its Political and Military History. Edinburgh: Blackwood. OCLC 13591954. Shann, Stephen; Delperier, Louis (1991). French Army 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War. Men-at-Arms. Vol. 2 Republican Troops. Illustrated by Richard and Christa Hook. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-85532-135-1. OCLC 1021808608. Sondhaus, L. (2001). Naval Warfare, 1815–1914. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-21478-0. Taylor, A. J. P. (1955). Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman. London: Hamish Hamilton. OCLC 867374488. Wawro, G. (2000). Warfare and Society in Europe, 1792–1914. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-21445-9. Wawro, G. (2002). Warfare and Society in Europe, 1792–1914. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-20317-183-7. Wawro, G. (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France in 1870–1871. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-58436-1. van Creveld, M. (1977). Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29793-1. Varley, Karine (2008a). "The Taboos of Defeat: Unmentionable Memories of the Franco-Prussian War in France, 1870–1914". In Macleod, Jenny (ed.). Defeat and Memory: Cultural Histories of Military Defeat in the Modern Era. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-23051740-0. OCLC 898516104. Varley, Karine (2008b). Under the shadow of defeat : the war of 1870-71 in French memory. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-23000519-8. OCLC 750843946. von Bismarck, O. (1899). Bismarck: The Man & The Statesman. Translated by A. J. Butler. New York: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 51415680. von Bismarck, Otto Eduard Leopold; von Poschinger, Heinrich (1900). Whitman, Sidney (ed.). Conversations with Prince Bismarck. Translated by Whitman, Sidney (English ed.). London: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 222059904. Zabecki, D. T. (2008). Chief of Staff: Napoleonic wars to World War I. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-990-3.	Bailey, Jonathan B. A. (2004). Field Artillery and Firepower (Revised and expanded ed.). Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114029-0. OCLC 964615118. Baldick, Robert (1974). The Siege of Paris. London: London New English Library. ISBN 978-0-450-02190-9. OCLC 249429289. Brown, Frederick (2010). For the Soul of France: Culture wars in the age of Dreyfus. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-0-30726631-6. OCLC 699752298. Clodfelter, Micheal (2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015 (4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 978-0-78647470-7. OCLC 1019493616. Craig, G. A. (1980). Germany: 1866–1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-502724-2. OCLC 849737246. Foley, Robert T. (2007). German Strategy and the Path to Verdun: Erich von Falkenhayn and the Development of Attrition, 1870–1916 (pbk. ed.). Cambridge: CUP. ISBN 978-0-521-04436-3. German General Staff (1884). The Franco-German War 1870-71: Part 2; Volume 3. Translated by Clarke, F.C.H. London: Clowes & Sons. Horne, Alistair (1965). The Fall of Paris; The siege and the Commune 1870-71. London: Macmillan. OCLC 490599556. Howard, Michael (1979) [1961]. The Franco-Prussian War: The German Invasion of France 1870–1871. London: Rupert Hart-Davis. ISBN 0-24663-587-8. OCLC 317395363. Howard, Michael (1991) [1961]. The Franco-Prussian War: The German Invasion of France 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-02787-8. OCLC 468106614. Hozier, Henry Montague; Davenport Adams, W. H. (1872). The Franco-Prussian War: Its Causes, Incidents, and Consequences. Vol. 2. London: William Mackenzie. OCLC 931716547. Kennedy, Paul M. (1987). The rise and fall of the great powers : economic change and military conflict from 1500 to 2000 (1st ed.). New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-39454674-2. OCLC 989029889. McElwee, William Lloyd (1974). The Art of War: Waterloo to Mons. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-20214-7. OCLC 1046029. Milza, Pierre (2009). L'Année terrible. Vol. 1: La Guerre franco-prussienne, septembre 1870 - mars 1871. Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-26202498-7. OCLC 822754617. Ollier, Edmund (1883). Cassell's History of the war between France and Germany, 1870-1871. Vol. 2. London: Cassell Petter & Galpin. OCLC 914936793. Palmer, Michael A. (2010). The German Wars: A Concise History, 1859–1945. Minneapolis: MBI Pub. Co. and Zenith Press. ISBN 978-1-61673985-0. OCLC 903281619. Ramm, Agetha (1967). Germany, 1789-1919 : a political history. London: Methuen. ISBN 978-0-41633990-1. OCLC 972861218. Ridley, Jasper (1976) [1974]. Garibaldi. New York: Viking Press. ISBN 978-0-67033548-0. OCLC 1959599. Rougerie, Jacques (1995). Paris Insurgé: La Commune de 1871. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN 978-2-07053289-6. OCLC 796080693. Rougerie, Jacques (2014). La Commune de 1871. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 978-2-13-062078-5. OCLC 911982831. Rüstow, W. (1872). The War for the Rhine Frontier, 1870: Its Political and Military History. Vol. 3. Translated by Needham, John Layland. Edinburgh: Blackwood. OCLC 13591954. Shann, Stephen; Delperier, Louis (1991). French Army 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War. Men-at-Arms. Vol. 2 Republican Troops. Illustrated by Richard and Christa Hook. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-135-9. OCLC 497688345. Sondhaus, Lawrence (2001). Naval Warfare, 1815–1914. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-21478-0. OCLC 70769305. Taylor, A. J. P. (1955). Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman. London: Hamish Hamilton. OCLC 867374488. van Creveld, Martin (1977). Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton (1st ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29793-6. OCLC 807833354. Varley, Karine (2008a). "The Taboos of Defeat: Unmentionable Memories of the Franco-Prussian War in France, 1870–1914". In Macleod, Jenny (ed.). Defeat and Memory: Cultural Histories of Military Defeat in the Modern Era. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-23051740-0. OCLC 898516104. Varley, Karine (2008b). Under the shadow of defeat : the war of 1870-71 in French memory. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-23000519-8. OCLC 750843946. von Bismarck, Otto Eduard Leopold (1899). Bismarck: The Man & The Statesman. Translated by Butler, Arthur John. New York: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 51415680. von Bismarck, Otto Eduard Leopold; von Poschinger, Heinrich (1900). von Poschinger, Heinrich; Whitman, Sidney (eds.). Conversations with Prince Bismarck. Translated by Whitman, Sidney (English ed.). London: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 222059904. von Pflugk-Harttung, Julius Albert Georg (1900). The Franco-German War, 1870–71. Translated by Maurice, J. F.; Long, Wilfred James; Sonnenschein, A. London: S. Sonnenschein and Co. OCLC 3132807. Wawro, Geoffrey (2000). Warfare and Society in Europe, 1792–1914. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-21445-2. OCLC 433852545. Wawro, Geoffrey (2002). Warfare and Society in Europe, 1792–1914. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-20317-183-7. OCLC 704450466. Wawro, Geoffrey (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France in 1870–1871. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-58436-4. OCLC 51305920. Zabecki, David T. (2008). Chief of Staff. Vol. 1: Napoleonic wars to World War I. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-990-3. OCLC 315930450.
Ascoli, David (2001). A day of Battle; Mars-La-Tour 16 August 1870. Edinburgh: Birlinn. ISBN 1-84158-121-6. Bell, Harry; Hughes, Daniel J. (1993). Moltke on the Art of War: Selected Writings. Novato, CA: Presidio Press. ISBN 0891414843. Bresler, Fenton (1999). Napoleon III: A Life. New York, NY: Carroll & Graf. ISBN 0-7867-0660-0. Bucholz, Arden (2001). Moltke and the German wars, 1864-1871. Houndmills: Palgrave. ISBN 0-33368-758-2. Clark, C. (2006). Iron Kingdom: The Rise And Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-67402-385-4. De Cesare, R. (1909). The Last Days of Papal Rome 1850–1870. London: Archibald Constable & Co. OCLC 1301524. Retrieved 12 June 2014. Jerrold, B. (1874). The Life of Napoleon III. Vol. I. London: Longmans, Green & Co. OCLC 717506637. Retrieved 12 June 2014. Jerrold, B. (1877). The Life of Napoleon III. Vol. III. London: Longmans, Green & Co. OCLC 832069805. Retrieved 12 June 2014. Jerrold, B. (1882). The Life of Napoleon III. Vol. IV. London: Longmans, Green & Co. OCLC 832069819. Retrieved 12 June 2014. Kropotkin, P. A. (1891). The Commune of Paris. Freedom Pamphlets (Freedom Pamphlets 1896 ed.). London: New Fellowship Press. OCLC 46570629. Retrieved 20 June 2014. Lowe, William J. (1999). The Nest in the Altar or Reminiscences of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. London: Chapter Two. ISBN 1-85307-123-4. Lowe, J. (2013). The Great Powers, Imperialism and the German Problem 1865–1925. Hoboken NY: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1-13615-228-8. McCabe, James D. (1871). History of the War Between Germany and France. Philadelphia, PA: National Publishing Company, and Jones Brothers and Company. ISBN 978-1425570842. Milza, Pierre (2004). Napoleon III. Paris: Editions Perrin. ISBN 978-2-262-02607-3. Milza, Pierre (2009). L'année terrible – La Commune (mars–juin 1871). Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-262-03073-5. Moltke, H. von (1873). The Franco-German War of 1870–71 (1892 ed.). London: Osgood Mcilvaine. OCLC 424797. Retrieved 20 June 2014. Robertson, Charles G. (1919). Bismark. New York, NY: H. Holt and Company. OCLC 875856538. Séguin, Philippe (1990). Louis Napoléon Le Grand. Paris: Bernard Grasset. ISBN 2-246-42951-X. Sumner, Charles (1870). The Duel Between France and Germany. Boston: Wright and Potter. ISBN 1-4353-6958-0. Retrieved 11 June 2014. Taithe, Bertrand (2001). Citizenship and Wars: France in Turmoil 1870–1871. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-23927-3. Wetzel, David (2012). A Duel of Nations: Germany, France, and the diplomacy of the War of 1870-1871. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-29929-134-0.	Ascoli, David (2001). A day of Battle; Mars-La-Tour 16 August 1870. Edinburgh: Birlinn. ISBN 978-1-84158-121-7. Bresler, Fenton (1999). Napoleon III: A Life. New York, NY: Carroll & Graf. ISBN 978-0-7867-0660-0. Bucholz, Arden (2001). Moltke and the German wars, 1864-1871. Basingstoke: Palgrave. ISBN 978-0-333-68758-1. Clark, Christopher M. (2006). Iron Kingdom: The Rise And Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-02385-7. De Cesare, Raffaele (1909). The Last Days of Papal Rome 1850–1870. Translated by Zimmern, Helen. London: Archibald Constable & Co. OCLC 565258394. Fermer, Douglas (2015). Sedan 1870: The Eclipse of France. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 978-1-47382-889-6. Jerrold, William Blanchard (1874). The Life of Napoleon III. Vol. I. London: Longmans, Green & Co. OCLC 717506637. Jerrold, William Blanchard (1875). The Life of Napoleon III. Vol. II. London: Longmans, Green & Co. OCLC 867960419. Jerrold, William Blanchard (1877). The Life of Napoleon III. Vol. III. London: Longmans, Green & Co. OCLC 832069805. Jerrold, William Blanchard (1882). The Life of Napoleon III. Vol. IV. London: Longmans, Green & Co. OCLC 832069819. Kropotkin, Pyotr Alexeyevich (1891). The Commune of Paris. Freedom Pamphlets. Vol. 2. London: New Fellowship Press. OCLC 620450578. Lowe, William J. (1999). The Nest in the Altar or Reminiscences of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. London: Chapter Two. ISBN 978-1-85307-123-2. Lowe, John (2013). The Great Powers, Imperialism and the German Problem 1865–1925. Hoboken NY: Florence Taylor and Francis. ISBN 978-1-136-15228-3. McCabe, James D. (1871). History of the War Between Germany and France. Philadelphia, PA: National Publishing Company, and Jones Brothers and Company. OCLC 1032848707. Milza, Pierre (2004). Napoleon III. Paris: Editions Perrin. ISBN 978-2-262-02607-3. Milza, Pierre (2009). L'Année terrible. Vol. 2: La commune mars - juin 1871. Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-262-03073-5. Robertson, Charles Grant (1969). Bismark. New York, NY: H. Fertig. OCLC 560259585. Séguin, Philippe (1996). Louis Napoléon Le Grand. Paris: Grasset. ISBN 978-2-246-42951-7. Shann, Stephen; Delperier, Louis (1991). French Army 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War. Men-at-Arms. Vol. 1 Imperial Troops. Illustrated by Jeffrey Burn. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-121-2. Sumner, Charles (1870). The Duel Between France and Germany. Boston: Wright and Potter. OCLC 1042896456. Taithe, Bertrand (2001). Citizenship and Wars: France in Turmoil 1870–1871. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-23927-1. von Moltke, Helmuth (1995). Hughes, Daniel J. (ed.). Moltke on the Art of War: Selected Writings. Translated by Hughes, Daniel J.; Bell, Harry. Novato, CA: Presidio Press. ISBN 978-0-891414-84-1. von Moltke, Helmuth (1892). The Franco-German war of 1870-71. Translated by Bell, Clara; Fischer, Henry W. New York, NY: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 758996861. von Moltke, Helmuth (1992). The Franco-German war of 1870-71. Translated by Forbes, Archibald. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 978-1-85367-131-9. Wetzel, David (2012). A Duel of Nations: Germany, France, and the diplomacy of the War of 1870-1871. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-29133-4.
Arand, Tobias: 1870/71. Der Deutsch-Französische Krieg erzählt in Einzelschicksalen.Hamburg 2018. Audoin-Rouzeau, Stéphane, 1870: La France dans la guerre (Paris: Armand Colin, 1989) ISBN 2-20037-165-9 Baumont, Maurice. Broché – Gloires et tragédies de la IIIe République. Hachette, 1956 OCLC 40712256 Fontane, Theodor, Der Krieg gegen Frankreich, 1870–1871, Verlag der königlichen geheimen Hofbuchdruckerei, Bwelin, 1873, Reprint 2004, ISBN 3-937135-25-1 Förster, Stig, ed., Moltke: Vom Kabinettskrieg zum Volkskrieg: Eine Werkauswahl (Bonn: Bouvier Verlag, 1992) ISBN 3-41680-655-7 Helmert, Heinz and Hansjürgen Usczeck, Preussischdeutsche Kriege von 1864 bis 1871: Militärischer Verlauf (Berlin: Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, 1967) OCLC 4322242 Mehrkens, Heidi, Statuswechsel: Kriegserfahrung und nationale Wahrnehmung im Deutsch-Französischen Krieg 1870/71 (Essen: Klartext, 2008) ISBN 3-89861-565-0 Nolte, Frédérick (1884). L'Europe militaire et diplomatique au dix-neuvième siècle, 1815–1884 (4 volumes). E. Plon, Nourrit et ce. OCLC 4899575. Stoneman, Mark R. "Die deutschen Greueltaten im Krieg 1870/71 am Beispiel der Bayern," in Kriegsgreuel: Die Entgrenzung der Gewalt in kriegerischen Konflikten vom Mittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert, ed. Sönke Neitzel and Daniel Hohrath (Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 2008), 223–39 ISBN 3-50676-375-X	Example

French and German studies

• Arand, Tobias (2018). 1870/71 die Geschichte des Deutsch-Französischen Krieges erzählt in Einzelschicksalen (in German). Hamburg: Osburg Verlag GmbH. ISBN 978-3-95510167-1.
• Audoin-Rouzeau, Stéphane (1989). 1870 : la France dans la guerre (in French). Paris: Armand Colin. ISBN 978-2-20037-165-4.
• Baumont, Maurice (1956). Gloires et tragédies de la IIIe République. Histoire de France Hachette. (in French). París: Hachette. OCLC 40712256.
• Fontane, Theodor (2010) [1873]. Der Krieg gegen Frankreich 1870-1871 (in German). Vol. 1. Bad Langensalza: Rockstuhl. ISBN 978-3-937135-25-0.
• von Moltke, Helmuth (1992). Förster, Stig (ed.). Moltke : von Kabinettskrieg zum Volkskrieg : eine Werkauswahl (in German). Bonn: Bouvier Verlag. ISBN 978-3-41680-655-8.
• Helmert, Heinz; Usczeck, Hansjürgen (1967). Preussischdeutsche Kriege von 1864 bis 1871. Militärischer Verlauf. Kleine Militärgeschichte., Kriege. (in German). Berlin: Deutscher Militärverlag. OCLC 4322242.
• Mehrkens, Heidi (2008). Statuswechsel : Kriegserfahrung und nationale Wahrnehmung im Deutsch-Französischen Krieg 1870/71. Schriften der Bibliothek für Zeitgeschichte, (in German). Essen: Klartext. ISBN 978-3-89861-565-5.
• Nolte, Frédérick (1884). L'Europe militaire et diplomatique au dix-neuvième siècle, 1815–1884 (4 volumes) (in French). Paris: E. Plon, Nourrit et Cie. OCLC 4899575.
• Stoneman, Mark R (2008). "Die deutschen Greueltaten im Krieg 1870/71 am Beispiel der Bayern". In Neitzel, Sönke; Daniel Hohrath (eds.). Kriegsgreuel: Die Entgrenzung der Gewalt in kriegerischen Konflikten vom Mittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert (in German). Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh. ISBN 978-3-50676-375-4.

1. von Bismarck & von Poschinger 1900, p. 87. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFvon_Bismarckvon_Poschinger1900 (help)
2. Milza 2009, pp. 47–50. sfn error: multiple targets (5×): CITEREFMilza2009 (help)
3. Milza 2009, pp. 57–59. sfn error: multiple targets (5×): CITEREFMilza2009 (help)
4. Shann & Delperier 1991, p. 4. sfn error: multiple targets (4×): CITEREFShannDelperier1991 (help)
5. Hozier & Davenport Adams 1872, p. 217ff. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFHozierDavenport_Adams1872 (help)
6. Ollier 1883, p. 210. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFOllier1883 (help)
7. de Chavannes 1872.
8. Taylor 1955, p. 133. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFTaylor1955 (help)
9. Kennedy 1987. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFKennedy1987 (help)
10. Varley 2008a, pp. 62–80. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFVarley2008a (help)
11. Varley 2008b. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFVarley2008b (help)
12. Brown 2010. sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFBrown2010 (help)
13. Jay 1984, pp. 151–162.