Sortable table
Class Built Number
101 1995 145
102 2016 6
103 1965 149
104 1932 23
105 2021 79
109 1961 96
110 1952 384
111 1974 227
112 1962 31
116 1926 21
117 1928 38
118 1935 55
119 1938 4
120 1979 65
127 1992 1
128 1994 1
132 1924 29
139 1959 31
140 1957 848
141 1956 451
142 1962 292
143 1982 647
144 1932 187
145 1997 80

Italy and Libya would first come into contact after the Third Punic War. The Roman Republic, centred on modern-day Italy, would conquer Carthage in 146 BC, thereby annexing Tripolitania as part of its Africa province. Rome would too acquire Cyrenaica in 96 BC, after its heirless king Ptolemy Apion willed it to Rome, although it would only be formally annexed in 74 BC.

After the Roman Empire was split in two in AD 395, Italy and Tripolitania would come under the Western Roman Empire, while Cyrenaica would become part of the Eastern Roman Empire. The Migration Period would lead to the decline of the Western Empire, and the Vandal conquest of Roman Africa would lead to Tripolitania's independence from Rome as part of the Vandal Kingdom in AD 439.

Likewise, the deposition of Romulus Augustus would spell the end of the Western Empire, and the Kingdom of Odoacer would be proclaimed over Italy in AD 476. Emperor Justinian I of the Eastern Roman Empire would seek to reclaim territories of the former Western Empire, and would launch an invasion of the Vandal Kingdom in AD 533, annexing the territories a year later.

Justinian would soon shift his focus to Italy, and would invade in AD 535, achieving effective control over the Italian peninsula by 554. Invasions by the Lombards would gradually diminish Roman influence (including an interregnum between 751 and 876), and by AD 1000, only the Catepanate of Italy was still under its control. Roman authority in Libya also faltered as Muslim conquests would take all of Libya by 644.[1]

After the Norman conquest of southern Italy in the 11th century, the Norman Kingdom of Africa would be established over parts of western Libya, although it would be invaded by the Almohads in 1159. Apart from a short period of Tripolitania as a Sicilian vassal in the 16th century, Italian-Libyan interaction from then was minimal.

Italian colonisation

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The weakening of the Ottoman Empire would encourage Italy to invade Libya in 1911, establishing the Italian colonies of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, which would be merged in 1934 to form Italian Libya — viewed by Fascist Italy as its "Fourth Shore". The Western Desert campaign would result in Libya being occupied by the Allies in 1943. Italy would relinquish its claim to Libya in 1947, and Libya would gain independence in 1951.

Ireland

  Lordship of Ireland 1177–1542
  Kingdom of Ireland 1542–1652
  Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland 1652–1660
  Kingdom of Ireland 1660–1800
  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801–1922
  Irish Republic 1919–1922
  Irish Free State 1922–1937
  Republic of Ireland 1937–present

France

  West Francia 843–987
  Kingdom of France 987–1453
  Kingdom of France 1453–1792
  French First Republic 1792–1804
  First French Empire 1804–1815
  Bourbon Restoration 1815–1830
  July Monarchy 1830–1848
  French Second Republic 1848–1852
  Second French Empire 1852–1870
  French Third Republic 1870–1940
  Vichy France 1940–1944
  Provisional Government of the French Republic 1944–1946
  French Fourth Republic 1946–1958
  French Fifth Republic 1958–present

Spain

  Visigothic Kingdom 418–720
  Umayyad state of Córdoba 756–1031
  Habsburg Spain 1516–1700
  Bourbon Spain 1700–1808
  Napoleonic Spain 1808–1813

  Trienio Liberal 1820–1823
  Ominous Decade 1823–1833
  Reign of Isabella II 1833–1868
  Provisional Government 1868–1871

  First Spanish Republic 1873–1874
  Bourbon Restoration 1874–1931
  Second Spanish Republic 1931–1939
  Francoist Spain 1936–1975
  Spanish transition to democracy 1975–1982
  Spain 1982–present

Germany

  East Francia 843–962
  Holy Roman Empire 962–1806
  Confederation of the Rhine 1806–1813
  German Confederation 1815–1848
  German Empire 1848–1849
  German Confederation 1850–1866
  North German Confederation 1866–1871
  German Empire 1871–1918
  Weimar Republic 1918–1933
  Nazi Germany 1933–1945
  Allied-occupied Germany 1945–1949
  West Germany 1949–1990
  East Germany 1949–1990
  Germany 1990–present

Netherlands

  Lotharingia 855–959
  Lower Lotharingia 959–1190
  Burgundian Netherlands 1384–1482
  Habsburg Netherlands 1482–1579
  Dutch Republic 1579–1795
  Batavian Republic 1795–1806
  Kingdom of Holland 1806–1810
  First French Empire 1810–1813
  Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands 1813–1815
  United Kingdom of the Netherlands 1815–1839
  Kingdom of the Netherlands 1839–1940
  Reichskommissariat Niederlande 1940–1945
  Kingdom of the Netherlands 1945–present

Austria

  Margraviate of Austria 976–1156
  Duchy of Austria 1156–1453
  Archduchy of Austria 1453–1804
  Austrian Empire 1804–1867
  Cisleithania 1867–1918
  Republic of German-Austria 1918–1919
  First Austrian Republic 1919–1934
  Federal State of Austria 1934–1938
  Nazi Germany 1938–1945
  Allied-occupied Austria 1945–1955
  Austria 1955–present

Poland

  Duchy of Poland 960–1025
  Kingdom of Poland 1025–1385
  Crown of Poland 1385–1795
  Duchy of Warsaw 1807–1815
  Congress Poland 1815–1915
  Kingdom of Poland 1917–1918
  Second Polish Republic 1918–1939
  General Government 1939–1945
  Provisional Government of National Unity 1945–1947
  Polish People's Republic 1947–1989
  Poland 1989–present

Russia

  Principality of Moscow 1282–1547
  Tsardom of Russia 1547–1721
  Russian Empire 1721–1917
  Russian Republic 1917–1918
  Russian State 1918–1920
  Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic 1917–1991
  Russia 1991–present

Hungary

  Principality of Hungary 895–1000
  Kingdom of Hungary 1000–1301
  Kingdom of Hungary 1301–1526
  Habsburg Hungary 1526–1867
  Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen 1867–1918
  First Hungarian Republic 1918–1919
  Hungarian Republic 1919–1920
  Kingdom of Hungary 1920–1946
  Second Hungarian Republic 1946–1949
  Hungarian People's Republic 1949–1989
  Hungary 1989–present

Croatia

  Duchy of Croatia 632–925
  Kingdom of Croatia 925–1102
  Croatia in personal union with Hungary 1102–1526
  Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) 1527–1868
  Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia 1868–1918
  Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918–1941
  Independent State of Croatia 1941–1945
  Socialist Republic of Croatia 1943–1991
  Croatia 1991–present

Czechia

  Samo's Empire 631–658
  Great Moravia 833–907
  Duchy of Bohemia 870–1198
  Czech lands in the High Middle Ages 1198–1348
  Lands of the Bohemian Crown 1348–1918
  First Czechoslovak Republic 1918–1938
  Second Czechoslovak Republic 1938–1939
  Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia 1939–1945
  Third Czechoslovak Republic 1945–1948
  Czechoslovak Socialist Republic 1948–1968
  Czech Socialist Republic 1969–1992
  Czech Republic 1993–present

Serbia

  Principality of Serbia 780–960
  Grand Principality of Serbia 1091–1217
  Kingdom of Serbia 1217–1346
  Serbian Empire 1346–1371
  Moravian Serbia 1371–1402
  Serbian Despotate 1402–1459
  Sanjak of Smederevo 1459–1718
  Kingdom of Serbia 1718–1739
  Sanjak of Smederevo 1739–1804
  Revolutionary Serbia 1804–1813
  Sanjak of Smederevo 1813–1815
  Principality of Serbia 1815–1882
  Kingdom of Serbia 1882–1918
  Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918–1941
  Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia 1941–1944
  SR Serbia 1944–1992
  Republic of Serbia 1992–2006
  Serbia 2006–present

Irish North Western Railway
Year
closed
 
 
Enniskillen
 
 
 
Lisbellaw
 
 
Maguiresbridge
 
 
 
Lisnaskea
 
Newtownbutler
 
 
 
 
Clones
 
 
 
Newbliss
 
Monaghan Road
 
 
 
Ballybay
 
 
 
Castleblayney
 
Culloville
 
Blackstaff Halt
 
 
 
Inniskeen
 
Kellybridge Halt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dundalk
 
Cork and Macroom Direct Railway
 
Cork Capwell
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bishopstown
 
 
Ballincollig
 
Kilumney
 
Kilcrea
 
Crookstown Road
 
Dooniskey
 
 
Section flooded by Carrigadrohid Lake
 
Macroom
Luas Cork
 
 
Ballincollig West
 
 
Carriganarra Road
 
 
Ballincollig East
 
Killumney Road
 
Clash Road
 
Science Park
 
Munster Technological University
 
Melbourn Road
 
Curraheen Road
 
Cork University Hospital
 
Dennehys Cross
 
University College Cork
 
Washington Street
 
St Patrick's Street
 
 
 
 
 
MacCurtain Street
 
 
Cork Kent
 
 
 
 
Centre Park Road
 
Páirc Uí Chaoimh
 
Churchyard Lane
 
Well Road
 
Woodvale Road
 
Skehard Road
 
Greenway
 
Mahon Point
  1. ^ "Libya: The Muslim Conquest – 7th to 16th Centuries". Fanack.com. 2022-12-01. Retrieved 2025-01-02.