Lithuanian

edit
 
Lithuanian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lt

Etymology

edit

Cognate with Latvian mūžs (life), Old Prussian amsis, amsin (people), with further origin unclear:[1][2]

  • King derives the Baltic terms from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ems-ǵʰ-, an extension of *h₂ems- (to give birth, beget), comparing Hittite 𒄩𒀭𒍝𒀸𒊭𒀸 (ḫa-an-za-aš-ša-aš, offspring) in particular. The hypothetical series of phonetic developments is Proto-Indo-European *h₂ems-ǵʰ- > Proto-Balto-Slavic *hams-ź- > Proto-Baltic *amhź- > Lithuanian *āmź- > ámžius.[3] This seems most tenable, when considering phonetics and semantics.
  • Fraenkel tentatively connects the word to Bulgarian мъж (mǎž, man), and thus implicitly derives the words from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mangjás (man; husband).[4]
  • Heidermanns tentatively derives the word from an earlier *au-miź-i-, from *h₂ew (away) +‎ *h₃meyǵʰ- (to urinate), with semantic development "to urinate away" > "to seed (life)" > "life, era". This is semantically rather ad hoc.[3]

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

ámžius m (plural ámžiai) stress pattern 1

  1. life[5] (time from birth to death)
  2. age[5]
    Synonym: laikmetis
  3. century[5] (100 years)

Declension

edit
Declension of ámžius
singular
(vienaskaita)
plural
(daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas) ámžius ámžiai
genitive (kilmininkas) ámžiaus ámžių
dative (naudininkas) ámžiui ámžiams
accusative (galininkas) ámžių ámžius
instrumental (įnagininkas) ámžiumi ámžiais
locative (vietininkas) ámžiuje ámžiuose
vocative (šauksmininkas) ámžiau ámžiai

Derived terms

edit

(Adjectives)

(Nouns)

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007), “ámžius”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 14
  2. ^ ámžius” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 28 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).
  3. 3.0 3.1 amžius”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
  4. ^ Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965), “ámžius”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume I, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 9-10
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN

Further reading

edit
  • amžius”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
  • amžius”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025